Arsenic is used in pesticides, wood preservatives, paints/pigments, and various metal alloys (electronics). Small amounts of arensic can be found in contaminated air, water, and some meat products, especially seafood. (L2)
Lead is used extensively in building construction and can also be found in batteries, ammunition, non-Western cosmetics, solder, and pipes. Old paints and ceramic products may also contain lead, though recent legislation has banned its use. (L136)
Metallic mercury is used to produce chlorine gas and caustic soda. It is also used in thermometers, dental fillings, and batteries. Mercury salts are sometimes used in skin lightening creams and as antiseptic creams and ointments. (L7)
Vinyl chloride is used primarily to make polyvinyl chloride (PVC). PVC is used in a variety of plastic products, such as pipes, wire and cable coatings, and packaging materials. Small amounts of vinyl chloride is sometimes used in furniture and automobile upholstery, wall coverings, housewares, and automotive parts. (L3)
Benzene is often used as an intermediate to make chemicals needed for the production of plastics, resins, and nylon and other synthetic fibers. It is also used to make some types of rubbers, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, and pesticides. Natural sources of benzene include emissions from volcanoes, forest fires, crude oil, gasoline, and cigarette smoke. (L5)
Cadmium is used mainly in the electroplating of other metals and the production of metal alloys. It can be found in batteries, pigments, metal coatings, and plastics. Exposure usually occurs in an industrial setting, but can also result from breathing cigarette smoke and eating contaminated foods. (L6)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Chloroform is found in refridgerants and is also used as a solvent or reagent in the synthesis of other chemicals. Exposure may results from contact with contaminated air or water. (L13)
DDT is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Trichloroethylene is mainly used as an industrial solvent, particularily to remove grease from metal parts. It is also an ingredient in adhesives, paint removers, typewriter correction fluids, and spot removers. Exposure may result from contact with contaminated water. (L14)
Dieldrin is used as an insecticide. (L87)
Hexavalent chromium is used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving. (A12)
White phosphorus does not occur naturally, but is manufactured from phosphate rocks. White phosphorus is used in many military applications, especially in smokescreens, bombs, artillery, and mortars. It is also used by industry to produce phosphoric acid and other chemicals for use in fertilizers, food additives, and cleaning compounds. Small amounts of white phosphorus were used in the past in pesticides and fireworks. (L88)
Chlordane was used as a pesticide. (L90)
DDE is found in DDT, which is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)
Hexachlorobutadiene is primarily produced as a by-product in the production of carbon tetrachloride and tetrachloroethene. It is also used to make rubber compounds, lubricants, in gyroscopes, as a heat transfer liquid, as a hydraulic fluid, and as a solvent. (L94)
Aldrin is used as an insecticide. (L144)
DDD is found in DDT, which is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)
Benzidine was used to produce dyes for cloth, paper, and leather. (L95)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refrigerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardouc waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
Cyanide compounds are used in electroplating, metallurgy, organic chemicals production, photographic developing, manufacture of plastics, fumigation of ships, and some mining processes. (L96)
Toxaphene was used as an insecticide. (L107)
Hexachlorocyclohexane is used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops and is also available as a prescription (lotion, cream, or shampoo) to treat head and body lice, and scabies. (L108) Hexachlorocyclohexane is also used or the treatment of patients infested with Sarcoptes scabiei or pediculosis capitis who have either failed to respond to adequate doses, or are intolerant of other approved therapies.
Tetrachloroethylene is used for dry cleaning of fabrics and for metal-degreasing. It is also used to make other chemicals and is used in some consumer products, such as paint strippers and spot removers. (L116)
Heptachlor was originally widely produced as an insecticide, but is now used only in fire and control in underground transformers. (L118)
1,2-Dibromoethane was once widely used as an additive in leaded gasoline and a pesticide, however, today it's use is restricted to only certain pesticides (treatment of logs for termites and beetles, control of moths in beehives) and dye preparations. (L120)
Hexachlorocyclohexane is used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops and is also available as a prescription (lotion, cream, or shampoo) to treat head and body lice, and scabies. (L108)
Acrolein is used as a pesticide to control algae, weeds, bacteria, and mollusks. It is also used to make other chemicals, such as polyester resin, polyurethane, propylene glycol, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and glycerol. Small amounts of acrolein can be formed when trees, tobacco, other plants, gasoline, and oil are burned. (L121)
Disulfoton is used mainly in agriculture to protect field and vegetable crops, as well as some fruit and nut crops. It may also be used in smaller quantities on home and garden plants and for mosquito control in swamps. (L123)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine is used in pigments for printing inks, textiles, plastics and enamels, paint, leather, and rubber. (L124)
Endrin is used as a pesticide. (L111)
Beryllium is purified for use in nuclear weapons and reactors, aircraft and space vehicle structures, instruments, x-ray machines, and mirrors. Beryllium ores are used to make speciality ceramics for electrical and high-technology applications. Beryllium is often found in alloys which are used in automobiles, computers, sports equipment, and dental bridges. (L24)
Hexachlorocyclohexane is used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops and is also available as a prescription (lotion, cream, or shampoo) to treat head and body lice, and scabies. (L108)
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane is the active ingredient in the nematicide Nemagon, also known as Fumazone. Nemagon is a soil fumigant formerly used in agriculture. (L125)
Pentachlorophenol is a restrictively used pesticide and is used industrially as a wood preservative for utility poles, railroad ties, and wharf pilings. (L127)
Heptachlor epoxide is a chemical produced when heptachlor is broken down by bacteria and animals. Heptachlor was originally widely produced as an insecticide, but is now used only in fire and control in underground transformers. (L118)
Carbon tetrachloride was used in the production of refrigeration fluid and propellants for aerosol cans, as a pesticide, as a cleaning fluid and degreasing agent, in fire extinguishers, and in spot removers. (L129)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refrigerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardouc waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
Cobalt is used to produce alloys used in the manufacture of aircraft engines, magnets, grinding and cutting tools, artificial hip and knee joints. Cobalt compounds are also used to color glass, ceramics and paints, and used as a drier for porcelain enamel and paints.
DDT is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
Di-n-butyl phthalate is used to make plastics more flexible and is also in carpet backings, paints, glue, insect repellents, hair spray, nail polish, and rocket fuel. (L133)
Pure nickel is mainly used to make alloys, which are found in items such as coins, jewelry, valves and heat exchangers. Nickel compounds are used for nickel plating, to color ceramics, to make some batteries, and as catalysts. (L41)
Endosulfan is used as an insecticide, acaricide, and in wood preservatives. (L114)
Diazinon is used as an insecticide in agriculture, mainly on fruit and vegetable field crops. (L162)
Xylene is used as a solvent and in the printing, rubber, and leather industries. It is also used as a cleaning agent, a thinner for paint, and in paints and varnishes. It is found in small amounts in airplane fuel and gasoline. Exposure to xylene may occur from breathing it in contaminated air, drinking or eating xylene-contaminated water or food, and through dermal and eye contact with xylene containing products. (L165, L165)
Chlordane was used as a pesticide. (L90)
Methoxychlor is used as an insecticide against flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, chiggers, and a wide variety of other insects. It is used on agricultural crops and livestock, and in animal feed, barns, grain storage bins, home garden, and on pets. (L167)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Endrin is used as a pesticide. (L111)
Chlordane was used as a pesticide. (L90)
Chromium(VI) oxide is used mainly in electroplating. (L50)
Methane is the major component of natural gas, which is found in geological deposits known as natural gas fields and used as vehicle fuel in its compressed form. Methane may be burned to produce electricity and is often piped into homes for domestic heating and cooking purposes. Methane is also used in industrial processes to produce chemicals such as hydrogen, methanol, acetic acid, and acetic anhydride. (L171)
Endosulfan is used as an insecticide, acaricide, and in wood preservatives. (L114)
Endrin is used as a pesticide. (L111)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Toluene is used in paints, paint thinners, fingernail polish, lacquers, adhesives, and rubber and in some printing and leather tanning processes. Gasoline, which contains 5 to 7 perfect toluene by weight, is the largest source of atmospheric emissions and exposure of the general populace. (T10, L174)
2-Hexanone was used in the past in paint and paint thinner, to make other chemical substances, and to dissolve oils and waxes. Today it is formed as a waste product resulting from industrial activities such as wood pulping, coal gasification, and oil shale operations. (L176)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Zinc has many commercial uses as coatings to prevent rust, in dry cell batteries, and can be mixed with other metals to produce alloys such as brass and bronze. Zinc compounds are widely used in industry to make paint, rubber, dyes, wood preservatives, and ointments. (L49)
Dimethylarsinic acid is used as an herbicide and pesticide. (L180)
DEHP is present in plastic products such as wall coverings, tablecloths, floor tiles, furniture upholstery, shower curtains, garden hoses, swimming pool liners, rainwear, baby pants, dolls, some toys, shoes, automobile upholstery and tops, packaging film and sheets, sheathing for wire and cable, medical tubing, and blood storage bags. (L181)
Elemental chromium is used mainly for making steel. Hexavalent chromium is used for chrome plating, dyes and pigments, leather tanning, and wood preserving. (A12, L17)
Industrially, naphthalene is used in the production of phthalic anhydride, as a solvent for chemical reactions, as a wetting agent and as a fumigant.  Naphthalene is produced industrially via coal tar and naturally with trace amounts of naphthalene being produced by black walnuts, magnolias and specific types of deer.
1,1-Dichloroethene is used in the production of certain plastics as a comonomer in the polymerization of vinyl chloride, acrylonitrile, and acrylates. It is also used to make flame retardant coatings for fiber and carpet backings, and in piping, coating for steel pipes, and in adhesive applications. (L185, T14)
Methylene chloride is widely used as a solvent in industrial processes, paint stripper, and degreaser. It is also used in food preparation, aerosol propellants, pesticides, and the manufacture of photographic film. (T10, L188)
2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene is an explosive used in military shells, bombs, and grenades, in industrial uses, and in underwater blasting. Exposure may results from drinking contaminated water that has migrated from chemical waste disposal sites, breathing contaminated air, eating contaminated foods such as fruits and vegetables, and/or eating contaminated soil. (L132)
Hydrazine is mainly used as a foaming agent in preparing polymer foams, but significant applications also include its uses as a precursor to polymerization catalysts and pharmaceuticals. Additionally, hydrazine is used in various rocket fuels and to prepare the gas precursors used in air bags. Exposure may occur from breathing contaminated air in or near a facility that makes, processes, or uses hydrazines, eating fish contaminated with hydrazines, drinking or swimming in water that has been contaminated with hydrazines, or touching soil contaminated with hydrazines, such as near some military bases or hazardous waste sites. Breathing cigarette smoke indirectly or using tobacco products may expose to small amounts of hydrazine or 1,1-dimethylhydrazine. (L154)
The most common use of 1,2-dichloroethane is in the production of vinyl chloride which is used to make a variety of plastic and vinyl products including polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipes, furniture and automobile upholstery, wall coverings, housewares, and automobile parts. It is also used as a solvent and is added to leaded gasoline to remove lead. Exposure occurs mainly by breathing air or drinking water contaminated with 1,2-dichloroethane. Humans can be exposed to low levels of 1,2-dichloroethane through the skin or air by contact with old products made with 1,2-dichloroethane. (L156)
2,4,6-Trichlorophenol has been used as a fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, antiseptic, defoliant, and glue preservative. Skin contact while treating wood with the tetrachlorophenols is the most likely route of exposure. Exposure may also occur from drinking water that has been disinfected with chlorine and breathing air contaminated by 2,4,6-trichlorophenol. (L159)
2,4-Dinitrophenol has been used to make dyes, other organic chemicals, and wood preservatives. It has also been used to make photographic developer, explosives, and pesticides. 2,4-Dinitrophenol exposure may occur from breathing contaminated air, drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food, or by contact with contaminated soil. (L168, L169)
Bis(2-chloroethyl) ether is used in pesticides. It is also used as a solvent, cleaner, component of paint and varnish, rust inhibitor, or as a chemical intermediate to make other chemicals. Exposure occurs from consumption of drinking water that contains BCEE, breathing BCEE vapors, and dermal contact. (L183)
Exposure occurs from breathing air and drinking water, touching soil or water containing thiocyanate, or eating foods that contain thiocyanate. Thiocyanates are present in water primarily because of discharges from coal processing, extraction of gold and silver, and mining industries. Thiocyanate is the major product formed from cyanide that passes into the body as the body attempts to rid itself of cyanide, thus exposure to cyanide also results in exposure to thiocyanate. (L191)
Chloride is found in table salt as well as most foods.  Chloride is an essential element or micronutrient and helps keep the body’s electrolyte balance.
RDX is used as an explosive and is also used in combination with other ingredients in explosives. Exposure may occur by breathing dust containing RDX, contact with the skin, or drinking contaminated water. (L259)
Hexachlorobenzene was previously used as a pesticide to protect the seeds of onions and sorghum, wheat, and other grains against fungus. It was also used to make fireworks, ammunition, and synthetic rubber. As it can persist in the environment for long periods of time, today exposure occurs mainly from contact with contaminated water, food, soil, or air. (L225)
It is a high explosive and one of the precursors for trinitrotoluene (TNT), which is synthesized through three separate nitrations of toluene. 2,4-Dinitrotoluene can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, is swallowed, or is absorbed through the skin. Even a small amount absorbed from clothes or shoes may cause toxic symptoms. It is assumed that oral ingestion could be a secondary route for occupationally exposed humans. (L270, T44)
Ethion enters the air, water, and soil during its manufacture and use. It is not known if ethion levels can build up in plants or fish. Chemical plant workers, transport workers, and pesticide applicators are the major occupational groups that might be exposed to ethion. The general population may be exposed to very small amounts of ethion by eating or drinking. People living near hazardous waste sites containing ethion or near its manufacturing, processing, or storage facilities could potentially be exposed. (L1191)
1,1,1-Trichloroethane was often used as a solvent to dissolve other substances, such as glues and paints. In industry, it was widely used to remove oil or grease from manufactured parts. In the home, it is used as an ingredient of products such as spot cleaners, glues, and aerosol sprays. No 1,1,1-trichloroethane is supposed to be manufactured for domestic use in the United States after January 1, 2002, because it affects the ozone layer. Exposure can occur from breathing in air containing it in vapor form, drinking water or eating food containing 1,1,1-trichloroethane. (L304)
Ethylbenzene is used in the petrochemical industry as an intermediate in the production of styrene, which in turn is used for making polystyrene, a commonly used plastic material. Exposure may occur from breathing contaminated air, drinking or eating food prepared with ethylbenzene-contaminated water, and through skin contact with products containing ethylbenzene, such as gasoline. (L311)
Radium has been used as a radiation source for treating cancer, in radiography of metals, and combined with other metals as a neutron source for research and radiation instrument calibration. Until the 1960s, radium was a component of the luminous paints used for watch and clock dials, instrument panels in airplanes, military instruments, and compasses. (L1835)
Thorium can also be used as a fuel for generating nuclear energy. Thorium is used as an alloying element in magnesium, used in aircraft engines, imparting high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Thorium is also used as an alloying agent in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to increase the melting temperature of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability. Thorium is used to coat tungsten wire used in electronic equipment, improving the electron emission of heated cathodes. Thorium is used as a fertile material for producing nuclear fuel. Thorium is a very effective radiation shield, although it has not been used for this purpose as much as lead or depleted uranium. Uranium-thorium age dating has been used to date hominid fossils. (L1094)
4,6-Dinitro-o-cresol is used primarily for insect control and crop protection. (L198)
1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene is used in explosives. Waste discharges from army ammunitions plants or other chemical manufacturers are the primary sources for release into the air, water, and soil. (L199)
Chlorobenzene is used as a solvent for some pesticide formulations, to degrease automobile parts, and as a chemical intermediate to make several other chemicals. (L200)
Radon has few uses and is seldom used in academic research. Radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings, especially in confined areas such as basements. Radon can be found in some spring waters and hot springs. (L1075)
Radium has been used as a radiation source for treating cancer, in radiography of metals, and combined with other metals as a neutron source for research and radiation instrument calibration. Until the 1960s, radium was a component of the luminous paints used for watch and clock dials, instrument panels in airplanes, military instruments, and compasses. (L1835)
Thorium can also be used as a fuel for generating nuclear energy. Thorium is used as an alloying element in magnesium, used in aircraft engines, imparting high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Thorium is also used as an alloying agent in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to increase the melting temperature of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability. Thorium is used to coat tungsten wire used in electronic equipment, improving the electron emission of heated cathodes. Thorium is used as a fertile material for producing nuclear fuel. Thorium is a very effective radiation shield, although it has not been used for this purpose as much as lead or depleted uranium. Uranium-thorium age dating has been used to date hominid fossils. (L1094)
Uranium-235 is used as a fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. Uranium is also used as a colorant in uranium glass, producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. (L248, L249)
Barium compounds are used by the oil and gas industries to make drilling muds, and can also be used in the production of paint, bricks, ceramics, glass, and rubber. They are also often used in pyrotechnics, as they emit a green light when burned. (L214, L215)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Uranium is also used as a colorant in uranium glass, producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. (L248, L249)
Small amounts of n-nitrosodi-n-propylamine are also produced as a side reaction during some manufacturing processes, as a contaminant in some weed killers, and during the manufacture of some rubber products. (L216)
Thorium can also be used as a fuel for generating nuclear energy. Thorium is used as an alloying element in magnesium, used in aircraft engines, imparting high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Thorium is also used as an alloying agent in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to increase the melting temperature of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability. Thorium is used to coat tungsten wire used in electronic equipment, improving the electron emission of heated cathodes. Thorium is used as a fertile material for producing nuclear fuel. Thorium is a very effective radiation shield, although it has not been used for this purpose as much as lead or depleted uranium. Uranium-thorium age dating has been used to date hominid fossils. (L1094)
Radon has few uses and is seldom used in academic research. Radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings, especially in confined areas such as basements. Radon can be found in some spring waters and hot springs. (L1075)
Hexachlorocyclohexane is used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops and is also available as a prescription (lotion, cream, or shampoo) to treat head and body lice, and scabies. (L108)
Trichlorobenzene is used as a solvent in chemical manufacturing, as well as in dyes, dielectric fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium, and insecticides. (T39)
Manganese is used principally in steel production to improve hardness, stiffness, and strength. It may also be used as an additive in gasoline to improve the octane rating of the gas. Manganese ions have various colors and are used industrially as pigments. (L228, L229)
Strontium-90 is widely used in medicine and industry, as a radioactive source for thickness gauges, and for superficial radiotherapy of some cancers. Being cheaper than the alternative 238Pu, it is used as a heat source in many Russian and Soviet radioisotope thermoelectric generators. It is also used as a radioactive tracer in medicine and agriculture. (L1135)
Plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability. (L1840)
When it is mixed or alloyed with beryllium, polonium can be a neutron source and has been used in this capacity as a neutron trigger or initiator for nuclear weapons. Polonium has also been studied for possible use in heating spacecraft. (L1842)
Methylmercury is a pollutant producted by the burning of fossil fuels and wastes containing inorganic mercury. It bioaccumulates in aquatic systems and exposure can result from ingesting contaminated fish. (L260)
Plutonium-238 is a heat source in radioisotope thermoelectric generators, which are used to power some spacecraft.  (L1840)
Lead is used extensively in building construction and can also be found in batteries, ammunition, non-Western cosmetics, solder, and pipes. Old paints and ceramic products may also contain lead, though recent legislation has banned its use. (L136)
In nature, plutonium is only found in trace quantities. Artificially, Pu-238 and Pu-239 are synthesized by bombarding uranium-238 with deuterons and neutrons, respectively. Plutonium is used in explosives and the isotope Pu-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons. Plutonium is also a source of power and heat; for example in radioisotope thermoelectric generators and radioisotope heater units, artificial heart pacemakers, or supplemental heat providing to scuba diving. (L1840)
Chlorpyrifos is used as a pesticide. In the home, it is used to control cockroaches, fleas, and termites; it is also used in some pet flea and tick collars. On the farm, it is used to control ticks on cattle and as a spray to control crop pests. (L268)
Copper is used as a thermal conductor, an electrical conductor, a building material, and a constituent of various metal alloys such as brass and bronze. Copper compounds have been widely used historically as pigments in decorative art. Copper compounds are also commonly used in agriculture to treat plant diseases like mildew, for water treatment, and as preservatives for wood, leather, and fabrics. (L277, L278)
Americium is widely used in commercial ionization-chamber smoke detectors as well as in neutron sources and industrial gauges. (L1103)
Radon has few uses and is seldom used in academic research. Radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings, especially in confined areas such as basements. Radon can be found in some spring waters and hot springs. (L1075)
Iodine-131 is used in nuclear medicine both diagnostically and therapeutically. Examples of its use in radiation therapy include the treatment of thyrotoxicosis and thyroid cancer. Diagnostic tests exploit the mechanism of absorption of iodine by the normal cells of the thyroid gland. Iodine-131 is also used as a radioactive label for radiopharmaceuticals that can be used for imaging and therapy. (L1846)
Hydrogen cyanide is a precursor to many chemical compounds, ranging from polymers to pharmaceuticals. (L101)
Tributyltins are the main active ingredients in certain biocides used to control a broad spectrum of organisms, and are also used in wood preservation, marine paints (as antifouling pesticides), and textiles and industrial water systems (as antifungal agents). (L307)
Guthion is used as a pesticide, thus exposure usually occurs from eating contaminated food. (L580)
237Np is a by-product of nuclear reactors and plutonium production and it can be used as a component in neutron detection equipment. (L1849)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. Chrysene is also used in the manufacture of some wood preservatives and dyes. (L10)
Chlordecone is an insecticide. (L601)
Iodine-129 is used for a variety of dating applications, including groundwater age dating and meteorite age dating. (L1847)
Plutonium-240 has a high rate of spontaneous fission, raising the background neutron radiation of plutonium containing it. Plutonium is graded by proportion of Pu-240. Lower grades are less suited for nuclear weapons and thermal reactors but can fuel fast reactors. (L1840)
S,S,S-Tributyl phosphorotrithioate is a plant growth regulator and pesticides. It was registered for use on cotton as a defoliant. (L331)
Bromine is used mainly in fire retardants and fine chemicals. Bromine salts have also been used as gasoline additives and pesticides. (L625)
Dicofol is used as a pesticide on agricultural crops and ornamental plants, as well as for agricultural and domestic buildings for mite control. (L631)
Parathion is an insecticide and acaricide that is generally applied by spraying, most often to cotton, rice, and fruit trees. (L633)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane was used as a refrigerant, a solvent, and as an intermediate in the industrial production of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,2-dichloroethylene. 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane was also used to separate fats and oils from other substances, to clean and degrease metals, and in paints and pesticides. Exposure may occur from breathing concentrated fumes of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated food, or through skin or eye contact. (L336)
Most processed selenium is used in the electronics industry, but it is also used as a nutritional supplement, in the glass industry, in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, as a nutritional feed additive for poultry and livestock, in pesticide formulations, in rubber production, as an ingredient in antidandruff shampoos, and as a constituent of fungicides. It may also be found in pigments in plastics, paints, enamels, inks, and rubber. (L619)
Hexachlorocyclohexane is used as an insecticide on fruit, vegetables, and forest crops and is also available as a prescription (lotion, cream, or shampoo) to treat head and body lice, and scabies. (L108)
DDD is found in DDT, which is used as a pesticide and in disease vector control. (L84). It is also used for treatment of inoperable adrenocortical tumours; Cushing's syndrome
4,4'-Methylenebis(2-chloroaniline) is used primarily to make polyurethane products. It may be found in gears, gaskets, sport boots, roller skate wheels, shoe soles, rolls and belt drives in cameras, computers and copy machines, wheels and pulleys for escalators and elevators, components in home appliances, and various military applications. It is also used as a coating in chemical reactions to set glues, plastics, and adhesives. (L891)
1,3-Butadiene is made from the processing of petroleum. It is used mainly to make synthetic rubber for tires. It is also used to make plastics such as acrylics, and small amounts can be found in gasoline. (L990)
Ammonia is used directly on farm crops, and is also a precursor to foodstuffs and fertilizers. It is also found in many household and industrial cleaners. (L958)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and voLcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. 2-Methylnaphthalene is used to make other chemicals such as dyes and resins. (L10, L12)
1,4-DCB is used a pesticide and a deodorant, most famously in mothballs in which it is a replacement for the more traditional naphthalene. 1,4-DCB is also used as a precursor in the production of the polymer poly(p-phenylene sulfide). 1,4-DCB also is used to make deodorant blocks used in garbage cans and restrooms, and to help control odors in animal-holding facilities. 1,4-DCB has been used as an insecticide on fruit and as an agent to control mold and mildew growth on tobacco seeds, leather, and some fabrics. Recently, using 1,4-DCB to make resins has become very important. Exposure may result from breathing vapors from 1,4-DCB products, drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated food (However, the levels of p-DCB in foods are generally low), and eye exposure. (L393, L395, L397)
1,1-Dichloroethane is used primarily to make 1,1,1-trichloroethane and a number of other chemicals. It is also used to dissolve other substances such as paint, varnish and finish removers, and to remove grease. Exposure may results from breathing air containing vapors of 1,1-dichloroethane, drinking contaminated water, and through eye and skin contact. (L403)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
1,1,2-Trichloroethane is used as a solvent. Exposure to 1,1,2-trichloroethane would most likely be from breathing vapors of the chemical or from skin contact. Drinking contaminated water is also a route of exposure. (L422)
HCCPD is used to make a group of related pesticides (aldrin, chlordane, dieldrin, endosulfan, endrin, heptachlor, isodrin, mirex, and pentac) referred to cyclodienes. Exposure may result from eating contaminated food, drinking contaminated water, and exposing the skin or eye to hexachlorocyclopentadiene. (L437)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
1,2-Diphenylhydrazine is used to make fabric dyes in other countries, and to make certain medicines. Exposure may result from breathing in dust coated with 1,2-diphenylhydrazine and eating dirt or smearing contaminated dirt on the skin. (L463)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
Cresols are used as solvents, disinfectants and deodorizers, as well as to make other chemicals. They may be formed normally in the body from other compounds. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in chemical mixtures used as wood preservatives. Small organisms in soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Breathing air containing cresols is the primary source of exposure. Exposure may also result from drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food and coming into contact with liquids containing cresols. (L528)
Exposure may result from breathing contaminated air, drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated food, and skin contact. (L395)
Trans-1,2-DCE is used as a solvent for waxes, resins, acetylcellulose, perfumes, dyes, lacquers, thermoplastics, fats, and phenols. It is also used as an intermediate in the preparation of other chlorinated solvents. One may be exposed by breathing contaminated air, eating, or drinking the substance, or by skin contact (L585, L586).
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Several industries use carbon disulfide as a raw material to make such things as rayon, cellophane, and carbon tetrachloride. Exposure to carbon disulfide can results from breathing air, drinking water, or eating foods that contain it. One can also be exposed by skin contact with soil, water, or other substances that contain it. (L592)
Exposure may result from breathing contaminated air, ingesting contaminated water or foods, and skin or eye contact, particularly while treating wood. (L159)
Americium is widely used in commercial ionization-chamber smoke detectors as well as in neutron sources and industrial gauges. (L1103)
Uranium-233 is used as a fuel for nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons.  Uranium is also used as a colorant in uranium glass, producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. (L248, L249)
Palladium is found mainly in catalytic converters and jewelry. It is also found in many electronics including computers, mobile phones, multi-layer ceramic capacitors, component plating, low voltage electrical contacts, and SED/OLED/LCD televisions. Palladium is also used in dentistry, medicine, hydrogen purification, chemical applications, and groundwater treatment. Palladium plays a key role in the technology used for fuel cells, which combines hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity, heat and water. (L794)
Phenol is used to make plastics. Phenol is also used as a disinfectant in household cleaning products and in consumer products such as mouthwashes, gargles, throat sprays. Exposure may result from breathing air containing phenol and drinking contaminated water or eating food contaminated with phenol. Exposure also occurs through dermal contact with contaminated air or by skin contact with products containing phenol. Dermal contact can occur through the use of general disinfectants and ointments containing phenol. Ingestion can occur through the use of products such as throat lozenges or sore throat sprays that contain phenol. (L624)
In the past, the largest single use for chloroethane was for the production of tetraethyl lead, which is a gasoline additive. However, production of chloroethane has decreased dramatically as a result of stricter government regulations controlling lead in gasoline. Other applications include use in the production of ethyl cellulose, dyes, medicinal drugs, and other commercial chemicals, and use as a solvent and refrigerant. It is used to numb skin prior to medical procedures such as ear piercing and skin biopsies, and it is used in the treatment of sports injuries. Exposure may result from breathing air containing chloroethane vapor, drinking water containing chloroethane, and through skin or eye contact. (L935)
Most acetone produced is used to make other chemicals that make plastics, fibers, and drugs. Acetone is also used to dissolve other substances. Exposure may occur from breathing air, drinking water and eating food with acetone, and through dermal and eye contact. (N004)
Xylene is used as a solvent and in the printing, rubber, and leather industries. It is also used as a cleaning agent, a thinner for paint, and in paints and varnishes. It is found in small amounts in airplane fuel and gasoline. Exposure to xylene may occur from breathing it in contaminated air, drinking or eating xylene-contaminated water or food, and through dermal and eye contact with xylene containing products. (L165, L165)
Aluminum is used for beverage cans, pots and pans, airplanes, siding and roofing, and foil. It is often mixed with small amounts of other metals to form aluminum alloys, which are stronger and harder. Aluminum compounds have many different uses, for example, as alums in water-treatment and alumina in abrasives and furnace linings. They are also found in consumer products such as antacids, astringents, buffered aspirin, food additives, cosmetics, and antiperspirants. (L739, L740)
Carbon monoxide is a major atmospheric pollutant in urban areas, chiefly from exhaust of internal combustion engines, but also from improper burning of various other fuels. (L960)
Volcanoes and hot springs emit some hydrogen sulfide, where it probably arises via the hydrolysis of sulfide minerals. Hydrogen sulfide can be present naturally in well water; it can be removed using ozone or a filter with manganese dioxide. About 10% of total global emissions of H2S is due to human activity. By far the largest industrial route to hydrogen sulfide occurs in petroleum refineries. Other anthropogenic sources of hydrogen sulfide include coke ovens, paper mills, and tanneries. H2S arises from virtually anywhere where elemental sulfur comes into contact with organic material, especially at high temperatures. Being heavier than air, H2S tends to accumulate at the bottom of poorly ventilated spaces. (L1139)
Bis(2-methoxyethyl) phthalate (DMEP) is a specialty plasticizer, used in cellulose ester plastics, and can also be used as a solvent. (L1210)
Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBzP) is mostly used as a plasticizer for PVC. (L1902)
Cresols are used to as solvents, disinfectants and deodorizers, as well as to make other chemicals. They may be formed normally in the body from other compounds. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in chemical mixtures used as wood preservatives. Small organisms in soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Breathing air containing cresols is the primary source of exposure. Exposure may also result from drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food and coming into contact with liquids containing cresols. (L528)
Vanadium is mainly used to produce specialty steel alloys such as high speed tool steels. It is also mixed with iron to make important parts for aircraft engines, and small amounts are used in making rubber, plastics, ceramics, and other chemicals. (L837, L838)
The general population might be exposed to NDMA from a wide variety of sources, including environmental, consumer, and occupational sources. The primary sources of human exposure to NDMA are tobacco smoke, chewing tobacco, diet (cured meats [particularly bacon], beer, fish, cheese, and other food items), toiletry and cosmetic products (for example, shampoos and cleansers), interior air of cars, and various other household goods, such as detergents and pesticides.  In addition, NDMA can form in the stomach during digestion of alkylamine-containing foods.  Alkylamines are naturally occurring compounds which are found in some drugs and in a variety of foods. Infants may be exposed to NDMA from the use of rubber baby bottle nipples and pacifiers which may contain very small amounts of NDMA, from ingestion of contaminated infant formulas, and from breast milk of some nursing mothers.  Very low levels of NDMA have been found in some samples of human breast milk. Occupational exposure may happen in a large number of places including industries such as tanneries, pesticide manufacturing plants, rubber and tire manufacturing plants, alkylamine manufacture/use industries, fish processing industries, foundries, and dye manufacturing plants.  Researchers making or handling NDMA may also be exposed to this compound if it passes through the rubber gloves they wear during laboratory work.  (L1207)
Trichlorobenzene is used as a solvent in chemical manufacturing, as well as in dyes, dielectric fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium, and insecticides. (T39)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
Chlorophenols are used as intermediates in the production of dyes and chlorinated pesticides. Exposed pesticide production workers may be at increased risk for soft tissue sarcoma, Hodgkin’s disease, and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Most people are exposed to very low levels of chlorophenols from chlorinated drinking water. (L159)
1,4-Dioxane is primarily used in solvent applications for the manufacturing sector; however, it is also found in fumigants and automotive coolant. 1,4-Dioxane is a byproduct of the ethoxylation process in cosmetics manufacturing, thus many products on the market today contain 1,4-dioxane in very small amounts. However, some cosmetics, detergents, and shampoos may contain 1,4-dioxane at levels higher than recommended by the FDA for other products. 1,4-Dioxane can also be found in tap water, so human exposure to 1,4-dioxane may also occur during activities such as showering, bathing, and laundering. (L1189, L1880)
Fluoride compounds are used in making steel, chemicals, ceramics, lubricants, dyes, plastics, and pesticides. Fluorides are often added to drinking water supplies and to a variety of dental products, including toothpaste and mouth rinses, to prevent dental cavities. (L963)
Nitrates and nitrites are naturally produced and may also be found in pesticides. Exposure usually occurs from contact with contaminated soil, food water. Nitrates may also be found in certain drugs. (L1137)
Cesium-137 is produced from the detonation of nuclear weapons and is produced in nuclear power plants. Cesium-137 was released to the atmosphere most notably from the 1986 Chernobyl meltdown. It is commonly used as a gamma-emitter in industrial applications such as moisture and density gauges, leveling gauges, flow meters, and other sensor equipment. Cesium-137 is also used in brachytherapy to treat various types of cancer. (L1111, L1126)
Most silver is produced as a by-product of copper, gold, lead, and zinc refining. Silver is a precious metal used to make ornaments, jewelry, silverware, and currency coins. It is also used in electrical equipment, mirrors, dental fillings, and brazing alloys and solders. Silver compounds are used in photographic film and as antibacterial agents. (L808, L809)
Chromic acid is an intermediate in chromium plating, and is also used in ceramic glazes, and colored glass. (L116)
Nitrates and nitrites are naturally produced and may also be found in pesticides. Exposure usually occurs from contact with contaminated soil, food water. Nitrates may also be found in certain drugs. (L1137)
There are no specific commercial or medical uses associated with the radioactive properties of potassium-40. (L1134)
Antimony enters the environment during the mining and processing of its ores and in the production of antimony metal, alloys, antimony oxide, and combinations of antimony with other substances. Exposure usually occurs from breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact. (L741)
Thorium can also be used as a fuel for generating nuclear energy. Thorium is used as an alloying element in magnesium, used in aircraft engines, imparting high strength and creep resistance at elevated temperatures. Thorium is also used as an alloying agent in gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) to increase the melting temperature of tungsten electrodes and improve arc stability. Thorium is used to coat tungsten wire used in electronic equipment, improving the electron emission of heated cathodes. Thorium is used as a fertile material for producing nuclear fuel. Thorium is a very effective radiation shield, although it has not been used for this purpose as much as lead or depleted uranium. Uranium-thorium age dating has been used to date hominid fossils. (L1094)
Exposure may occur from drinking water that has been disinfected with chlorine and breathing air contaminated by 2,4,5-trichlorophenol. Dermal and eye contact with the toxin are also sources of exposure (L159).
Arsenic acid is used as a wood preservative, broad-spectrum biocide, and finishing agent for glass and metal. (L717)
Arsenic trioxide is a byproduct of certain kinds of ore processing. It is the starting point for the manufacture of many arsenic-based products, including pesticides, pharamaceuticals, alloys, and semiconductors. It is also used as a wood preservative and decolorizing agent. (L718) It is also use for induction of remission and consolidation in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), and whose APL is characterized by the presence of the t(15;17) translocation or PML/RAR-alpha gene expression.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Dimethoate is an organophosphate insecticide used to kill mites and insects systemically and on contact. It is used against a wide range of insects, including aphids, thrips, planthoppers and whiteflies on ornamental plants, alfalfa, apples, corn, cotton, grapefruit, grapes, lemons, melons, oranges, pears, pecans, safflower, sorghum, soybeans, tangerines, tobacco, tomatoes, watermelons, wheat and other vegetables. It is also used as a residual wall spray in farm buildings for house flies. Dimethoate has been administered to livestock for control of botflies. (L1188)
Actinium's radioactivity make it a valuable as a neutron source for energy. (L1131)
4-Aminobiphenyl is used to manufacture azo dyes and is also found in tobacco smoke. (L1654, A2455)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Exposure to arsine usually occurs in an industrial setting, as it is often produced as a byproduct during the smelting and refining of metals. It is also used in the manufacture of semiconductors and crystals for fiberoptics and computer chips.
Major routes of exposure are by application from fog and mist sprayers. The use of application by aircraft increases the potential for exposure of humans and nontarget organisms to naled. Human exposure to naled during mixing, handling, application, and reentry operations can be minimized by use of approved respirators and other protective clothing. (L1193)
Ethoprop is used as an insecticide. (L1655)
Organophosphates are used in agriculture, in the home, in gardens, and in veterinary practice. (L1171)
Calcium arsenate is used as a pesticide. (L719)
Mercuric chloride is most often used as a laboratory reagent, and occasionally used to form an amalgam with metals. (L720)
Formaldehyde is used in the production of fertilizer, paper, plywood, and urea-formaldehyde resins. It is also also used as a preservative in some foods and in many products used around the house, such as antiseptics, medicines, and cosmetics. (L962)
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; dermal and eye exposure  (L159).
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and volcanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Hydrofluoric acid is used mainly for etching glass. It is also used in oil refining and as a precursor to other fluoride compounds. (L963)
2,4-D is is an agrochemical - a substance that is used in agriculture or horticulture. It is a broadleaf herbicide, which when sprayed or dusted on plants causes its leaves to fall off, and functions as a synthetic auxin. 2,4-D is commonly found in lawn care products; wheat, corn, and other grass family herbicides; forestry products; treatments for roadside weeds; and aquatic weed control products.
Dibromochloromethane exposition occurs by drinking water that has been treated with chlorine, at a swimming pool, by breathing bromoform or dibromochloromethane that has evaporated into the air, or by uptake from the water through the skin. Neither dibromochloromethane nor bromoform are likely to be found in food. (L1173)
Dimethyl formamide (DMF) is commonly used as a solvent for chemical reactions. (L1658)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Diethyl ether is used as a common solvent and has been used as a general anesthetic. It can also be found in recreational drug use. (L1660)
4-Nitrophenol is used mainly to make fungicides and dyes, and to darken leather. It is also used in the synthesis of drugs such as paracetamol, phenetidine, and acetophenetidine. (L1661, L1662)
Phosphine is used in semiconductor and plastics industries, in the production of a flame retardant, and as a pesticide in stored grain. (L980)
It is a high explosive and one of the precursors for trinitrotoluene (TNT), which is synthesized through three separate nitrations of toluene. 2,6-Dinitrotoluene can affect the body if it is inhaled, comes in contact with the eyes or skin, is swallowed, or is absorbed through the skin. Even a small amount absorbed from clothes or shoes may cause toxic symptoms. It is assumed that oral ingestion could be a secondary route for occupationally exposed humans. (L270, T44)
Methyl parathion is an insecticide. It is used to kill insects on farm crops, especially cotton. (L634)
Styrene is used to make plastics and rubber. It is a precursor to polystyrene and may be found in insulation, fiberglass, plastic pipes, automobile parts, shoes, drinking cups and other food containers, and carpet backing. Low levels of styrene also occur naturally in a variety of foods such as fruits, vegetables, nuts, beverages, and meats. Small amounts of styrene can be transferred to food from styrene-based packaging material. (L1831)
Adamsite is used mainly as a riot control agent. (L9)
Arsenic sulfide has been used as pigment, tanning agent, photoresist, and chalcogenide glass. (L373)
Arsenic disulfide (As), also known as red orpiment and ruby arsenic, is used as a pigment in the manufacture of fireworks and paints (L924).
Arsenic pentasulfide is used as a pigment and as a light filter in thin sheets (L901).
Arsenic trichloride is used in ceramics, organic chemical syntheses, and in the preparation of pharmaceuticals. (L375)
Arsenic and its compounds are used in pesticides, wood preservatives, paints/pigments, and various metal alloys (electronics). Small amounts of arensic can be found in contaminated air, water, and some meat products, especially seafood. (L2)
It is used as herbicide, insecticide,and rodenticide (L926).
Formerly wiedely used as pigment in wallpaper, calico printing, insecticide and as wood preservative, but the use for these purposes is now much diminished, partly on account of liberation of toxic gas dimethyl arsine by action of molds (A574, L302).
Gallium arsenide is used as a semiconductor, as well as in solar cells, x-ray detection diodes, and laser diodes. (L354)
Copper arsenate is used as an insecticide, herbicide, fungicide, and rodenticide. (L380)
Copper arsenate hydroxide is used as an insecticide, fungicide, and miticide. (L380)
Potassium arsenite is known mainly for forming the basis of Fowler's solution, a now obsolete medical tonic. (L381)
Arsenic pentoxide is used in the manufacturing of arsenates, weed killer, metal adhesives, insecticides, fungicides, wood preservatives, and colored gases, and in printing and dyeing. (L382)
Magnesium arsenate was first used as an insect stomach poison in the Mexican bean bettle around 1920-1930, but its used is now very limited (A575).
Manganese arsenates are used as insecticides, fungicides (A576).
Lead arsenate is used as an insecticide. (L383)
Potassium arsenate used as an insecticide, analytical reagent, and in hide preservation and textile printing (L929).
Sodium arsenate was formerly used in the treatment of chronic skin diseases, in parasitic diseases of the blood, and in some forms of anaemia (L931).
Zinc arsenate is used as an insecticide and to preserve timber from decay (L932).
Arsanilic acid is used to treate dysentery in swine. (L386)
Arsenobetaine is found in marine biological systems. (L387)
No data.
Methylarsine is found in marine biological systems. (L388)
Dimethylarsine is found in marine biological systems. (L388)
Trimethylarsine is used in the microelectronics industry, the production of other organoarsenic compounds, and as a ligand in coordination chemistry. (L388)
Methylarsonic acid, disodium salt is used as an herbicide and pesticide. (L389)
Methylarsonic acid, monosodium salt is used as an herbicide and pesticide. (L389)
Not available.
3-nitro-4-hydroxy-phenyl-arsonic acid is found in poultry feed.
4,4-arsenobis(2-aminophenol) dihydrochloride was used to treat syphilis and trypanosomiasis.
[4-(aminocarbonyl-amino)phenyl] arsonic acid was used as a drug to treat infections. It is now found in poultry feed and used to treat some avian diseases.
[4-[(2-amino-2-oxoethyl)amino]phenyl] arsonic acid is a drug used to treat trypanosomiasis.
(4-nitrophenyl)arsonic acid is found in animal feed.
Sodium arsanilate is found in animal feed, and is also used in veterinary medicine, mainly to treat swine dysentry.
Sodium dimethylarsinate is used as a drug in veterinary medicine to treat anaemia and eczema, and is also an herbicide.
No data.
Lead acetate is used as a reagent to make other lead compounds and as a fixative for some dyes. It is also found in paints and varnishes, as well as in low concentrations in hair dyes. (L405)
Used as an insecticide (L941).
Lead azide is used in detonators. (L407)
No data.
Catalyst for the polymerization of formaldehyde to high molecular weight crystalline poly(oxymethylene) products; in PVC friction liners for pulleys or drive cables of hoisting engines; to improve bonding of polychloroprene to metals in wire-reinforced hoses, 10-25 parts of lead caronate are used in the elastomer; component of high pressure lubricating greases; component of high pressure lubricating greases; catalysts in the curing of moldable thermosetting silicone resins; in coating on vinyl chloride polymers to improve dielectric properties; component of corrosion-resistant, dispersion-strengthened grids in lead-acid storage batteries; as a photoconductor for electrophotography, in coatings on heat-sensitive sheets for thermographic copying; component of a lubricant-stabilizer for PVC; component in the manuacture of thermistors; component in slip-preventing waxes for steel cables to provide higher wear resistence (A581).
Lead chloride is used in the synthesis of other lead compounds. It is also used in the production of certain types of glass and in white pigments. (L409)
Lead chromate is used in pigments, as well as in some pyrotechnic compositions. (L53)
Lead fluoroborate is used for electroplating where speed and quality are important. Sound insulators are made as lead-plastic laminates by plating lead from a fluoroborate bath (A581).
Lead iodide is used in the detection of x-rays and gamma rays. (L410)
No data.
Lead nitrate is used as a heat stabiliser in nylon and polyesters, as a coating for photothermographic paper, in rodenticides, and in gold cyanidation. (L411)
Lead oxide is found in paints and is used extensively in the manufacturing of lead glasses, ceramic glazes, and batteries. It is also used in the vulcanization of rubber, in cathode ray tube glass, and in organic synthesis. (L412)
Lead dioxide is found in lead-acid batteries. (L413)
Lead tetroxide is used the production of batteries, pigments, and lead glass. (L414)
Lead phophate is used as a stabilizer in plastics. (L138)
Lead styphnate is used as a detonator. (L415)
Lead sulphate is found in lead-acid batteries. (L416)
Lead sulfide is used as a semiconductor, infrared detector, and can be found in batteries and ceramic paints. (L417)
Tetramethyl lead is used primarily as an antiknock additive for gasolines. (T32)
Tetraethyl lead was originally used as an antiknock additive in gasoline, but is now found only in some aircraft fuels. (L419)
Mercury(II) fulminate is used as a trigger for other explosives in percussion caps and blasting caps. (L425)
Mercury(II) sulfide is used as a semiconductor and as a red pigment, vermillion. (L426)
Mercury(II) oxide is used in the production of mercury and as a material for cathodes for mercury batteries. (L427)
Mercury(I) chloride is used primarily for reference electrodes in electrochemistry. (L429)
Phenylmercuric acetate is used mainly as a fungicide, herbicide, slimicide, and bacteriocide. (L266)
Mercury selenide is used as an ohmic contact to wide-gap II-VI semconductors. It is also a byproduct of steel processing. (L431)
Mercury telluride is used as a semiconductor. (L432)
Mercury cadmium telluride is an important semiconductor and also used in infrared detection. (L433)
Mercury(II) acetate is used mainly in the synthesis of organomercury compounds. (L434)
No data.
Mercury(II) iodide is aa semiconductor and also used in x-ray and gamma ray detection, as well as veterinary medicine. (L438)
No data.
Mercury(I) bromide is used in acousto-optical devices. (L436)
Mercury(II) bromide is used mainly as a laboratory reagent. (L440)
Mercury(II) nitrate is used mainly in the synthesis of other mercuric compounds. (L441)
Mercury(I) nitrate is used mainly in the synthesis of other mercuric compounds. (L138)
Mercury(II) thiocyanate has previously been used in pyrotechnics. (L445)
Mercury(II) sulfate is used mainly as a catalyst in the production of acetaldehyde. (L446)
Mercury(I) sulfate is used in the production of batteries. (L138)
Methylmercuric chloride is used as fungicide (L944).
Dimethylmercury is most often used in toxicology experiments as a fixed point of reference due to its extreme toxicity. It has also been used to calibrate NMR instruments for detection of mercury. (L261)
In analytical chemistry Nessler's reagent is a reagent used to detect small concentrations of ammonia (L945).
Mercuric cyanide is used as a laboratory reagent and occasionally as an antiseptic in veterinary medicine. (L465)
Cadmium acetate is used for glazing ceramics and pottery, in electroplating baths, in dyeing and printing textiles, and as an analytic reagent for sulfur, selenium and tellurium. (L457)
Cadmium arsenide is a semiconductor and is used in infrared detectors, pressure sensors, magnetoresistors, and photodetectors. (L466)
No data.
Cadmium bromide is used in used in photography, lithography and engraving processes. (L453)
Cadmium carbonate ca be used in fungicides and in chemical agents (L947).
Cadmium chloride is used in the dyeing and printing of fabrics, in photography, in producing electronics components and in the synthesis of other cadmium compounds. (L452)
Cadmium fluoborate is used to prepare electroplating baths. (L138)
Cadmium fluoride is used in the production of metallic alloys, for electronic and optical applications and as a starting material for laser crystals. (L467)
No data.
Cadmium hydroxide is used in storage battery anodes, in nickel-cadmium and silver-cadmium storage batteries, in cadmium plating, and to prepare other cadmium salts. (L468)
Cadmium iodide is used in lithography, photography, electroplating and the manufacturing of phosphors. (L469)
Can be used as chemical reagent. An example is its use for the synthesis of dimethylformamide (A583).
Cadmium nitrate is used mainly to prepare other cadmium salts. It is also used for coloring glass and porcelain and as a flash powder in photography. (L450)
High purity cadmium oxide is used as a second polarizer (in addition to silver oxide) in silver-zinc storage batteries. It is also used in nitrile rubbers and plastics such as Teflon to improve their high-temperature properties and heat resistence. Other applications include use as starting material for PVC heat stabilizers and other Cd compounds and as the cadmium source in cyanide electroplating baths (A583).
Cadmium phosphate can be used as soil fertilizer (L949).
Cadmium selenide is used as a semiconductor. It is also found in laser diodes. (L471)
Cadmium succinate is used as a pesticide, and also to control turfgrass diseases (L950).
Cadmium sulfate is used in cadmium electroplating, pigments, and as a nematocide. (L454)
Cadmium sulfide is used as a semiconductor and in the electronics industry for photocells and light emitting diodes. It is also found in pigments and solar cells. (L455)
Cadmium telluride is used as a semiconductor in solar cells and in infrared, x-ray, and gamma-ray detectors. (L472)
Cadmium tungstate is used in fluorescent paint, x-ray screens, gamma ray detection, and scintillation counters. (L473)
Organic synthesis; heat transfer agent; fungistat in packaging of citrus fruit; plant disease control; manufacture of benzidine; dyeing assistant for polyesters (A567).
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were uaed as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refrigerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardouc waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
PCBs were used as coolants and lubricants in transformers, capacitors, and other electrical devices (such as fluorescent lights and refridgerators) produced before 1977. PCBs may contaminate the air and water near hazardous waste sites. In addition, PCBs bioaccumulate in the environment and may be found in fish, meat, and dairy products. (L4)
No data.
Chlorobenzilate is used for mite control on citrus crops and in beehives. It has narrow insecticidal action, killing only ticks and mites (L957).
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
PAHs are released into the environment via the combustion of fossil fuels, coke oven emissions and vehicle exhausts, as well as naturally from forest fires and vocanic eruptions. PAHs from these sources may contaminate nearly water systems. They are also found in coal tar and charbroiled food. (L10)
Bisphenol A is used primarily to make plastics, and products containing bisphenol A-based plastics have been in commerce for more than 50 years. It is used in the synthesis of polyesters, polysulfones, and polyether ketones, as an antioxidant in some plasticizers, and as a polymerization inhibitor in PVC. It is a key monomer in production of polycarbonate plastic and epoxy resins. Polycarbonate plastic, which is clear and nearly shatter-proof, is used to make a variety of common products including baby and water bottles, sports equipment, medical and dental devices, dental fillings and sealants, eyeglass lenses, CDs and DVDs, and household electronics.[6] Epoxy resins containing bisphenol A are used as coatings on the inside of almost all food and beverage cans. Bisphenol A is also a precursor to the flame retardant, tetrabromobisphenol A, and was formerly used as a fungicide. (L953)
Beryllium foil is used in x-ray lithography for making integrated circuits. It is used as a reflector or moderator in nuclear reactions. Beryllium is used in gyroscopes and computer parts (L965).
Beryllium foil is used in x-ray lithography for making integrated circuits. It is used as a reflector or moderator in nuclear reactions. Beryllium is used in gyroscopes and computer parts (L965).
Beryllium foil is used in x-ray lithography for making integrated circuits. It is used as a reflector or moderator in nuclear reactions. Beryllium is used in gyroscopes and computer parts. Beryllium bromide has been used as a catalyst for the bromination of several organic molecules (L965, A595).
Beryllium carbonate is used in processing ores and in chemical and nuclear applications (L970).
Beryllium chloride is used as a catalyst in organic reactions. (L475)
Beryllium copper is used in springs, load cells, batteries, electrical connectors, tools and intruments. (L26)
Beryllliu fluoride is the principal precursor for the manufacture of beryllium metal. It is also used in protein crystallography and in liquid-fluoride nuclear reactors. (L27)
Beryllium hydride is commonly used in rocket fuel. (L476)
Beryllium hydroxide is mainly used to produce beryllium metal and alloys (L974).
Beryllium foil is used in x-ray lithography for making integrated circuits. It is used as a reflector or moderator in nuclear reactions. Beryllium is used in gyroscopes and computer parts (L965).
Beryllium oxide is an electrical insulator and is used in rocket engines, catalysts, semiconductors, moderators of atomic reactors, and neutron reflectors. (L28)
Beryllium telluride is used as a semiconductor. (L478)
Beryllium foil is used in x-ray lithography for making integrated circuits. It is used as a reflector or moderator in nuclear reactions. Beryllium is used in gyroscopes and computer parts (L965).
Beryllium nitrate is used as a chemichal reagent, a gas mantle hardener and in refining beryllium ores (A596).
Cobalt (II) acetate can be used as antidote for cyanide poisoning. Major used include: foam stabilizer for malt beverages; bleaching agent and drier for lacquers, varnishes; anodizing agent; catalyst for oxidation and esterification  (A597, T66).
Cobalt (III) acetate can be used as a catalytist for the oxidation of benzene to a precursor of phenol (L976).
Cobalt(II) carbonate is found in pottery glazes. (L31)
Cobalt(II) bromide may be used as a catalyst in the oxidation of some organic compounds with cobalt(III). (L488)
Cobalt(II) chloride is used to detect the prescence of water. (L32)
Cobalt(II) fluoride can be used as a catalyst to alloy metals and for optical deposition. (L489)
Cobalt(II) iodide is used to detect the presence of water. (L33)
Cobalt(II) hydroxide is used as a drying agent for paints, varnishes, and inks, in the preparation of other cobalt compounds, as a catalyst, or in the manufacture of battery electrodes. (L490)
Cobalt(II) naphthenate is used mainly as an oil drying agent. (L34)
No data.
The high solubility of cobalt nitrate makes it a common source of cobalt in metal-organic frameworks and polymers. It is also reduced to metallic cobalt or precipitated on various substrates for Fischer-Tropsch catalysis. (L492)
Cobalt(II) oxide is used in the production of glazes and enamels for ceramics. (L35)
Cobalt(III) oxide is used as a catalyst. (L493)
No data.
Cobalt(II) sulfate is used in pigments for glass and porcelain, as well as in storage batteries and electroplating baths, sympathetic inks, and as an additive to soils and animal feeds. (L36)
Cobamamide is a form of vitamin B12. (L497)
Cyanocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. (L497) It is used for treatment of pernicious anemia (due to lack of or inhibition of intrinsic factor) and for prevention and treatment of vitamin B 12 deficiency.
Dicobalt edetate is used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning. (L37)
Hydroxocobalamin is a form of vitamin B12, used to treat vitamin B12 deficiency. (L497) It is used for treatment of pernicious anemia and the prevention and treatment of vitamin B12 deficiency arising from alcoholism, malabsorption, tapeworm infestation, celiac, hyperthyroidism, hepatic-biliary tract disease, persistent diarrhea, ileal resection, pancreatic cancer, renal disease, prolonged stress, vegan diets, macrobiotic diets or other restrictive diets. Also for the treatment of known or suspected cyanide poisoning.
Lithium cobalt oxide is used in lithium-ion batteries. (L38)
Methylcobalamin is a form of vitamin B12. (L497)
Salcomine can be used as a catalyst for the oxidation of 2,6-disubstituted phenols by dioxygen gas. (L499)
Sodium cobaltinitrite is used as a qualitative test for potassium and ammonium ions. (L39)
Bis(cyclooctadiene)nickel(0) is a common source of Ni(0) in chemical synthesis. (L498)
Nickel chloride is used mainly in organic synthesis and electroplating. (L43)
Nickel hydroxide is used in rechargeable battery electrodes. (L44)
Nickel iodide is used as a catalyst and reagent in organic synthesis. (L45)
Nickel oxide is used in the production of alloys. It is also used in the ceramic industry to make frits, ferrites, and porcelain glazes, and is a component of the nickel-iron battery and fuel cells. (L46)
Nickel sulfate is commonly used for electroplating. (L47)
Ammonium dichromate is used in pyrotechnics, as a mordant for dyeing pigments, in the manufacturing of alizarin, and chrome alum, in leather tanning and in oil purification. (L51)
Barium chromate is used in pyrotechnic compositions, pigments, safety matches, metal primers, ignition control devices, explosive initiators, and as a corrosion inhibitor. (L19)
Caesium chromate is used in creating vacuum tubes. (L18)
Calcium chromate is used as a pigment, a corrosion inhibitor, and in electroplating, photochemical processing, and industrial waste treatment. (L52)
Potassium chromate is used as a chemical indicator of chlorine ions. (L54)
Potassium dichromate is a common inorganic chemical reagent and is also used in photography and wood treatment. (L55)
Pyridinium chlorochromate is used as an oxidizing reagent. (L56)
Pyridinium dichromate is used as an oxidizing agent. (L57)
Silver chromate is used in photography. (L58)
Sodium chromate is used as a corrosion inhibitor in the petroleum industry, a dyeing auxiliary in the textile industry, a wood preservative, and as a diagnostic pharmaceutical in determining red blood cell volume. (L59)
Sodium dichromate is produced during the processing of chromium ore and may be used in organic synthesis. (L529)
Zinc chromate is used as a corrosion resisting agent and as the pigment Zinc Yellow or Yellow 36. (L60)
Zinc acetate is used in dietary supplements, wood preserving, and the manufacturing other zinc salts and chemicals. (L61)
Zinc antimonide is used in transistors, infrared detectors and thermal imagers, as well as magnetoresistive devices. (L62)
Zinc bromide is used in organic chemistry as a lewis acid, as a transparent shield against radiation, and in the zinc bromide battery. (L542)
Zinc chlorate is used as a oxidizing agent in explosives. (L63)
Zinc chloride is used in textile processing, metallurgical fluxes, and chemical synthesis. (L64)
Zinc cyanide is used in organic synthesis. (L65)
Zinc gluconate is used in dietary supplements. (L66)
Zinc hydride is used as a reducing agent in organic synthesis. (L67)
Zinc hydroxide is used in surgical dressings. (L68)
Zinc iodide is used in x-rays and electron microscopy. (L69)
Zinc molybdate is used as a corrosion inhibitor. (L70)
Zinc nitrate is used as a mordant in dyeing. (L71)
Zinc oxide is a semiconductor and used as an additive in materials such as plastics, ceramics, glass, cement, rubber, lubricants, paints, ointments, adhesives, sealants, dietary supplements, and batteries. (L72)
Zinc peroxide is used as a bleaching and curing agent, and as an additive in antiseptic ointments. (L73)
Zinc phosphate is used as a dental cement and corrosion resistant coating. (L74)
Zinc phosphide is used as a rodenticide. (L75)
Zinc pyrithione is used as an antifungal and antibacterial agent. (L76)
Zinc selenide is a semiconductor and is used in light-emitting diodes, diode lasers, x-ray and gamma ray detectors, and as as infrared optical material. (L77)
Zinc stearate is used mainly as a releasing agent and lubricant in the rubber and plastics industry. (L78)
Zinc sulfate is used in animal feeds, fertilizers, agricultural sprays, electrolytes for zinc plating, as a mordant in dyeing, as a preservative for skins and leather and in medicine as an astringent and emetic. (L79)
Zinc sulfide is a semiconductor and is used as an infrared optical material and as phosphor in applications such as cathode ray tubes and glow in the dark products. (L80)
Diethylzinc is used as a reagent in organic chemistry and in liquid rocket fuel. (L82)
Dimethylzinc is used in the synthesis of organic compounds. (L83)
Copper(I) cyanide was used as a catalyst in polymerizations, in electroplating of copper and iron, and as insecticide, fungicide, and biocide in marine paints. (L98)
Cyanogen bromide is used to modify biopolymers, fragment proteins and peptides, and synthesize other compounds. (L99)
Cyanogen chloride is used in biochemical analysis and preparation. (L100)
Potassium cyanide has been used in gold mining, organic synthesis, and electroplating. (L102)
Potassium ferricyanide is used to produce the pigment Prussian blue, in blueprint drawing, in photography, to temper iron and steel, in electroplating, for dyeing wool, and as a common laboratory reagent. (L103)
Potassium ferrocyanide is used in gardening as a nitrogen supplement and in industry for metal extraction and the production of adhesives, computer electronics, fire retardants, cosmetics, dyes, nylon, paints, inks, plexiglass, pharmaceuticals, and rocket propellant. (L560)
Potassium silver cyanide is used in silver plating, as a bactericide, and in the manufacture of antiseptics. (L551)
Sodium cyanide is used mainly in gold mining. (L104)
Sodium ferrocyanide is added to road and food grade salt as an anticaking agent, and is also used in photography and in the pigment Prussian blue. (L562)
Sodium nitroprusside is used as a vasodilator. (L105)
Trimethylsilyl cyanide is used in organic synthesis. (L106)
Ethanol is used as a solvent in industry, in many household products and pharmaceuticals, and in intoxicating beverages. It is also used for therapeutic neurolysis of nerves or ganglia for the relief of intractable chronic pain in such conditions as inoperable cancer and trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux), in patients for whom neurosurgical procedures are contraindicated.
Methanol is found in a host of consumer products, including windshield washer fluid, and is used in the manufacture of formaldehyde. (T10)
The major use of ethylene glycol is as a coolant or antifreeze in, for example, automobiles and personal computers. Ethylene glycol has become increasingly important in the plastics industry for the manufacture of polyester fibers and resins, including polyethylene terephthalate, which is used to make plastic bottles for soft drinks. (L1023)
Potassium cyanate is used mainly to produce herbicides. (L193)
Synthetic allyl isothiocyanate is used as an insecticide, bacteriocide, and nematocide, and is used in certain cases for crop protection. (L194)
Methyl isothiocyanate is a precursor to a variety of valuable bioactive compounds and is also used in agriculture as a soil fumigant. (L196)
Phenyl isothiocyanate is a reagent used in reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). (L197)
1,3-Dinitrobenzene is used in explosives. Waste discharges from army ammunitions plants or other chemical manufacturers are the primary sources for release into the air, water, and soil. (L199)
Trichlorobenzene is used as a solvent in chemical manufacturing, as well as in dyes, dielectric fluid, synthetic transformer oils, lubricants, heat-transfer medium, and insecticides. (T39)
Uranium-238 is used in the military sector for kinetic energy penetrators and armor plating. Uranium is also used as a colorant in uranium glass, producing orange-red to lemon yellow hues. (L248, L249)
Tin is found in many alloys, such as brass, bronze, and pewter, as well as soldering materials. Tin metal is also used to line cans for food, beverages, and aerosols. Inorganic tin compounds are used in toothpaste, perfumes, soaps, food additives and dyes. Organotin compounds are used to make plastics, food packages, plastic pipes, pesticides, paints, and pest repellents. (L307, L309)
The most widely used applications for Imidacloprid in California are pest control in structures, turf pest control, grape growing, and head and leaf lettuce growing. Other widespread crop uses are rice, grains/cereals (L1130).
Nicotine is highly toxic alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants (Solanaceae). (L327) NICOTROL Inhaler is indicated as an aid to smoking cessation for the relief of nicotine withdrawal symptoms. NICOTROL Inhaler therapy is recommended for use as part of a comprehensive behavioral smoking cessation program. It is used for the relief of nicotine withdrawal symptoms and as an aid to smoking cessation.
Rotenone is used in solution as a pesticide and insecticide.

It is commonly used in powdered or emulsified liquid form in fisheries management to remove unwanted fish species, such as the eradication of exotic fish from non-native habitats. People catch fish by extracting rotenone from plants and releasing it into water. Poisoned fish come to the surface and are easily caught. This method was first practiced by various indigenous tribes who smashed the roots. Fish caught this way can be eaten because rotenone is very poorly absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract of humans, whereas it is lethal to fish because it readily enters the blood stream of the fish through the gills.

Small-scale sampling with rotenone is used by fish researchers studying the biodiversity of marine fishes to collect cryptic, or hidden, fishes, which represent an important component of shoreline fish communities. Rotenone is the most effective tool available because only small quantities are necessary. It has only minor and transient environmental side-effects.

Rotenone is also used in powdered form to reduce parasitic mites on chickens and other fowl. In the United States and in Canada, all uses of Rotenone except as a piscicide are being phased out. (L1274)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Broadleaf herbicide, widely used in agriculture, functions as a synthetic auxin. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
MCPB is a phenoxy herbicide produced as a sodium salt and an acid. MCPB is registered for use on pea crops before flowering, for post-emergence control of broadleaf annual and perennial weeds including Canadian thistle, buttercup, mustard, purslane, ragweed, common lambsquarters, pigweed, smartweed, sowthistle, and morning glory. (L2155)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dicamba is an herbicide. Dicamba controls annual and perennial rose weeds in grain crops and highlands, and it is used to control brush and bracken in pastures, as well as legumes and cacti. (L371)
Paraquat is used as a quaternary ammonium herbicide; one of the most widely used herbicides in the world. It is also often used in science to catalyze the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS).  (L421).
It is used mainly to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in corn (maize), soybeans, and peanuts (L921).
It is used to control weeds in corn, and is particularly useful as a replacement for atrazine in the case of some important weeds. (L920).
Fruit seeds and pits. (L402)
Angelicin is used as tranquilliser, sedative, or anticonvulsant.  (L579)
Anthelmintics, cross-linking reagent, photosensitising agent. Photochemical reagent for the investigation of nucleic acid structure and function.  (L579)
It is used to increase skin pigmentation with sunlight in the treatment of depigmentation conditions such as vitiligo and may cause skin burns and liver damage. (L579). It is als used for the treatment of psoriasis and vitiligo.
Mirex is an insecticide used to control fire ants. It was also used as a flame retardant in plastics, rubber, paint, paper, and electrical goods. (L601)
Oxalic acid and oxalates are abundantly present in many plants, most notably fat hen (lamb's quarters), sorrel, and Oxalis species. The root and/or leaves of rhubarb and buckwheat are listed being high in oxalic acid.[8]  Other edible plants that contain significant concentrations of oxalic acid include—in decreasing order—star fruit (carambola), black pepper, parsley, poppy seed, amaranth, spinach, chard, beets, cocoa, chocolate, most nuts, most berries, and beans. (L618)
Linamarin is a cyanogenic glucoside found in the leaves and roots of plants such as cassava, lima beans, and flax. (L630)
Lotaustralin is a plant toxin found in the roots and leaves of plants such as cassava (Manihot esculenta), lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus), roseroot (Rhodiola rosea) and white clover (Trifolium repens). (L1240)
Xylene is used as a solvent and in the printing, rubber, and leather industries. It is also used as a cleaning agent, a thinner for paint, and in paints and varnishes. It is found in small amounts in airplane fuel and gasoline. Exposure to xylene may occur from breathing it in contaminated air, drinking or eating xylene-contaminated water or food, and through dermal and eye contact with xylene containing products. (L165, L165)
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; dermal and eye exposure (L159).
Breathing contamiated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminating food; skin/eye contact (particularly while treating wood) (L159).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Pendimethalin is a selective herbicide used to control most annual grasses and certain broadleaf weeds in field corn, potatoes, rice, cotton, soybeans, tobacco, peanuts and sunflowers. It is used both preemergence, that is before weed seeds have sprouted, and early postemergence (A183).
2,3,5-Trimethylphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2,3-Dichlorobenzyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2,4-Dimethyl-1,3-dithiolane-2-carboxaldehyde O-(methylcarbamoyl)oxime is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2-Chloro-4,5-xylyl N-hydroxy-N-methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2-Cyclopentylphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2-Hydroxyphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3,4-Dichlorobenzyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3,5-Diisopropylphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3,5-Dimethylphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3-Hydroxy-carbofuran is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3-Iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3-Oxo-carbofuran is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3-tert-Butylphenyl sec-butylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-(Methylamino)-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-(Methylthio)-m-tolyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-Amino-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-Chlorophenyl-N-methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-Ethylthiophenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
4-Methylformamido-3,5-xylyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
5,6,7,8-Tetrahydro-1-naphthyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
6-Chloro-3,4-xylyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
6-Methyl-2-propyl-4-pyrimidinyl dimethylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Alanycarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Aldicarb sulfoxide is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Pesticide, widely used in potato production.
Aldoxycarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Allyxycarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Aminocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Barban is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Pesticide, widely used in agriculture production.
Benfuracarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
It is a systemic fungicide that is selectively toxic to microorganisms and invertebrates. It is also employed as a casting worm control agent in amenity turf situations such as golf greens and tennis courts. It is also used to control plant diseases in cereals and fruits, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, pineapples, and pomes.
Benthiavalicarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Benthiavalicarb-isopropyl is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Biscarbofuran N,N'-disulfide is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
3-(1-Methylbutyl)phenyl N-methylcarbamate is a component of Bufencarb, a widely used insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications.
3-(1-Ethylpropyl)phenyl methylcarbamate is a component of Bufencarb, a widely used insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications.
Butacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Butocarboxim is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Butoxycarboxim is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carbanolate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carbaril is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carbasulam is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
It is a systemic fungicide that is selectively toxic to microorganisms and invertebrates. It is also employed as a casting worm control agent in amenity turf situations such as golf greens and tennis courts. It is also used to control plant diseases in cereals and fruits, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, pineapples, and pomes.
Carbetamide is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carbofuran is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carbosulfan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Carboxazole is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Chlorprocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Chlorpropham is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Cloethocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Cypendazole is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Debacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Decarbofuran is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Desmedipham is a selective, systemic post-emergence herbicide commonly used in beet and strawberry crops to protect against weeds, often in comination with Phenmedipham.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Dichlormate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Diethofencarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Dimetan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Dimetilan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Dioxacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Ethiofencarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Fenasulam is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Fenethacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Fenobucarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Fenoxycarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Formetanate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Formetanate hydrochloride is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Formparanate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Used as a herbicide to control growth of woody plants.
Furathiocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Hyquincarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Isolan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
2-Isopropylphenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Karbutilate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
m-Cumenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
It is a systemic fungicide that is selectively toxic to microorganisms and invertebrates. It is also employed as a casting worm control agent in amenity turf situations such as golf greens and tennis courts. It is also used to control plant diseases in cereals and fruits, including citrus, bananas, strawberries, pineapples, and pomes.
Methiocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Methiocarb sulfone is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Methiocarb sulfoxide is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Methomyl is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Metolcarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Mexacarbate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Mobam is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Nitrilacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
o-(2-Propynyloxy)phenyl methylcarbamate is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Oms 22 is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Oxamyl is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Phenmedipham is a selective herbicide commonly used in beet, spinach, and strawberry crops to protect against weeds, often in comination with Desmedipham.
Pirimicarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Promacyl is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Promecarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Propamocarb hydrochloride is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Propamocarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Propham is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Propoxur is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Proximphan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Pyrolan is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Sulfocarbathione is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Swep is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Tazimcarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Terbucarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiobencarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarboxime is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiodicarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiofanox is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Trimethacarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
Thiocarbamates are widely used throughout the world and are produced in great  quantities, mainly as herbicides and fungicides.
Xylylcarb is widely used as an insecticide or pesticide in homes, gardens and agricultural applications. It is a synthetic compound.
It is used as a pesticide. (L111)
It is used as a pesticide. (L111)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Fenvalerate is used as an insecticide, mostly to control insects in food, feed, and cotton products, and for the control of flies and ticks in barns and stables. (L606)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Amidochlor is used as a herbicide. (A252)
Butachlor is commonly used herbicide. Elevated concentrations of this herbicide and their degradation products have been detected in surface and groundwater. (A252)
Widely used selective herbicide worldwide in corn, soybean and other crop cultures. Elevated concentrations of this herbicide and its degradation products have been detected in surface and groundwater. (A252)
Metolachlor is used for grass and broadleaf weed control in corn, soybean, peanuts, sorghum, and cotton. It is also used in combination with other herbicides. It been detected in ground and surface waters and concentrations ranging from 0.08 to 4.5 parts per billion (ppb) throughout the U.S. Evidence of the bioaccumulation of metolachlor in edible species of fish as well as its adverse effect on the growth and development raise concerns on its effects on human health. (L913).
Propachlor is used on a variety of food plants, including onions, field corn, hybrid seed, silage corn, sweet corn, grain sorghum, green peas, soybeans, flax, pumpkin, and strawberries. (L904)
Barium bromide is a precursor to chemicals used in photography and to other bromides. (L201)
Barium carbonate is used in rat poison, bricks, ceramic glazes and cement. (L202)
Barium chlorate is used in pyrotechnics to produce a green colour. (L203)
Barium chloride is used in the laboratory as a test for sulfate ion. In industry, barium chloride is mainly used in the purification of brine solution in caustic chlorine plants and also in the manufacture of heat treatment salts, case hardening of steel, in the manufacture of pigments, and in the manufacture of other barium salts. It is also used in fireworks to give a bright green color. (L204)
Barium ferrite is used as a component in magnetic stripe cards. (L244)
Barium fluoride is used to make optical components such as lenses, in to production of welding agents, and in aluminum refining. Barium fluoride can also be used as a scintillator for the detection of X-rays and gamma rays. (L205)
Barium hydroxide is used in analytical chemistry for the titration of weak acids, as well as in organic chemistry as a strong base in the hydrolyzation and preparation of other compounds. (L206)
Barium nitrate is used in explosives, to produce barium oxide, in vacuum tubes, and to produce green fire in pyrotechnics. (L207)
Barium oxide is used as a coating for hot cathodes, in cathode ray tubes, and in the production of certain kinds of glass, such as optical crown glass. (L208)
Barium peroxide is used in bleaching and to produce a green color in fireworks. (L209)
Barium sulfate is used as a radiocontrast agent for X-ray imaging, in pigments, and to produce green light in pyrotechnics. (L210)
Barium sulfide is the precursor to barium carbonate and the pigment lithopone. (L211)
Barium titanate is used as a dielectric material for ceramic capacitors and as a piezoelectric material for microphones and other transducers. It can also be found in thermistors and self-regulating electric heating systems, nonlinear optics, and thermal cameras. (L212)
Yttrium barium copper oxide is used as a superconductor. (L213)
Manganese sulfate is the precursor to manganese metal and many chemical compounds, such as manganese dioxide. (L236)
Manganese oxide is used as a starting material in the production of soft ferrites and lithium manganese oxide, as well as in lithium batteries. (L238)
Manganese dioxide is used primarily for dry-cell batteries, but is also used as an  oxidant in organic synthesis. (L232)
Potassium permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent and used a fixative, disinfectant, and as a reagent in organic synthesis. (L242)
Mangafodipir is a contrast agent delivered intravenously to enhance contrast in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the liver. (L231)
Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) is a chemical compound of manganese. It was initially used as a supplement to the gasoline additive tetraethyl lead to increase a fuel's octane rating,  then later also used in unleaded gasoline. It has been banned in various countries in the past due to its toxicity, but is available in most places today, despite controvery over its safety. (L239)
Dimanganese decacarbonyl is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. (L230)
Manganese carbonate is widely used as an additive to plant fertilizers to cure manganese deficient crops, in health foods, in ceramics as a glaze colorant and flux, and in concrete stains. (L233)
Manganese fluoride is used in the manufacture of special kinds of glass and lasers. (L234)
Potassium manganate is an intermediate in the industrial synthesis of potassium permanganate, a common chemical. (L240)
Calcium permanganate is used as an oxidizing agent and is believed to help whiten teeth . (L241)
Aqueous solutions of sodium permanganate are used as etchants in printed circuitry. (L243)
Uranium dioxide is used for fuel in nuclear reactors. Uranium oxides are also used to colour glass and ceramics. (L250)
Uranium hexafluoride is used for fuel in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons. (L252)
Uranium tetrachloride is used as feed in the electromagnetic isotope separation (EMIS) process of uranium enrichment. (L254)
Uranium oxides are used to colour glass and ceramics. (L250)
Uranium carbide is used for fuel in nuclear reactors and is also a popular target material for particle accelerators. (L251)
Uranium nitride is used for fuel in nuclear reactors. (L253)
Uranium chloride is used mostly to reprocess spent nuclear fuel, as well as in chemistry as a reagent and catalyst. (L255)
Uranyl acetate is used as a negative stain in electron microscopy. (L256)
Uranyl nitrate is used as a negative stain in electron microscopy and in nuclear reprocessing. (L257)
Uranyl sulfate is used as a negative stain in electron microscopy. (L258)
Stryker's reagent is used in homogeneous catalysis of conjugate reduction reactions of various compounds. (L281)
Chromated copper arsenate is a wood preservative used for timber treatment that preserves the wood from decay fungi, wood attacking insects, including termites, and marine borers. It also improves the weather-resistance of treated timber and may assist paint adherence in the long term. The chromium acts as a chemical fixing agent and has little or no preserving properties; it helps the other chemicals to fix in the timber, binding them through chemical complexes to the wood's cellulose and lignin. The copper acts primarily to protect the wood against decay fungi and bacteria, while the arsenic is the main insecticidal component of CCA. (L282)
Copper aspirinate is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis. (L283)
Copper benzoate is used as a source of blue light in fireworks. (L284)
Chlorophyllin is used as a food coloring agent and it some pharmaceutical products for treatment and odor control of wounds, injuries, and other skin conditions. (L285)
Copper gluconate is used in dietary supplements and to treat conditions such as acne vulgaris, common cold, hypertension, premature labor, Leishmaniasis, visceral postoperative complications. (L286)
Copper(I) oxide is commonly used as a pigment, a fungicide, and an antifouling agent for marine paints. It is also a semiconductor. (L288)
Copper(II) oxide is used as a pigment in ceramics, in the production of rayon, as a dietary supplement, in dry and wet cell batteries, for welding copper alloys, and as a semiconductor. (L289)
Copper silicide is used for passivation of copper surfaces of copper-based chips, where it serves to suppress diffusion and electromigration and serves as a diffusion barrier. (L290)
Copper(I) chloride is as a precursor to the fungicide copper oxychloride. It is also used in organic and polymer chemistry. (L292)
Copper(I) iodide is used in organic synthesis, cloud seeding, to stabilize heat in nylon, and as a source of dietary iodine in table salt and animal feed.  (L293)
Copper(I) phosphide is used in copper alloys. (L294)
Copper(II) acetate is used as a source of copper(II) in inorganic synthesis and as a catalyst or an oxidizing agent in organic synthesis. (L295)
Copper(II) azide is very explosive and can be used in pyrotechnics. (L296)
Copper(II) bromide is used in photographic processing as an intensifier and as a brominating agent in organic synthesis. (L297)
Copper(II) carbonate is used as a pigment, in some types of make-up, as an algaecide, and for bronze plating. (L298)
Copper(II) chloride is used in organic synthesis and in pyrotechnics as a blue/green coloring agent. (L299)
Copper(II) hydroxide is used as a fungicide, nematacide, and occasionally as a ceramic colorant. (L300)
Copper(II) sulfate is used as a pesticide, analytic reagent, and in organic synthesis. (L301)
Copper(II) acetoarsenite was used as an insecticide and green pigment in some paints but has fallen out of use due to its toxicity. It may also be used in fireworks as a blue colorant. (L303)
Tin(II) chloride is used for the tin-plating of steel when making tin cans, for textile dyeing, as a catalyst in the production of the plastic polylactic acid, as a reducing agent, in organic chemistry, and as a food additive, serving as a color-retention agent and antioxidant. (L319)
Tin oxide is used in the synthesis of other chemicals, as pigment in the manufacture of glasses, enamels, and ceramic glazes, and as a polishing powder. (L317)
Tin(II) fluoride is a common ingredient in toothpaste, where it converts apatite into fluorapatite, which is more resistant to attack by acids generated by bacteria. (L320)
Tributyltins are the main active ingredients in certain biocides used to control a broad spectrum of organisms, and are also used in wood preservation, marine paints (as antifouling pesticides), and textiles and industrial water systems (as antifungal agents). (L307)
Tributyltins are the main active ingredients in certain biocides used to control a broad spectrum of organisms, and are also used in wood preservation, marine paints (as antifouling pesticides), and textiles and industrial water systems (as antifungal agents). (L307)
Tetrabutyltin is the starting material of the tributyltin and dibutyltin compounds, which are used as stabilizers for PVC, biocides, fungicides, and anti-biofouling agents. (L314)
Tributyltins are the main active ingredients in certain biocides used to control a broad spectrum of organisms, and are also used in wood preservation, marine paints (as antifouling pesticides), and textiles and industrial water systems (as antifungal agents). (L307)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Dibutyltin oxide is used mainly in organic synthesis. (L312)
Fentin acetate is used as a fungicide. (L313)
Tetramethyltin is used in organic synthesis for transition-metal mediated conversion of acid chlorides to methyl ketones and aryl halides to aryl methyl ketones. (L315)
Nobium tin is used as a superconductor. (L318)
Tin(II) oxide is used as a precursor in manufacturing of other, typically divalent, tin compounds or salts, and as a reducing agent and in the creation of ruby glass. (L321)
Tin(IV) fluoride is used in toothpaste to prevent dental decay. (L322)
Tin(IV) sulfide is used in decorative coating, where it is known as mosaic gold. (L323)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Tributyltins are the main active ingredients in certain biocides used to control a broad spectrum of organisms, and are also used in wood preservation, marine paints (as antifouling pesticides), and textiles and industrial water systems (as antifungal agents). (L307)
Indium arsenide is used for construction of infrared detectors and diode lasers. (L355)
Acetarsol is used as an anti-infective. (T59)
Three metalloidal forms of arsenic with different crystal structures are found free in nature (the minerals arsenopyrite and the much rarer arsenolamprite and pararsenolamprite), but it is more commonly found as a compound with other elements.
Three metalloidal forms of arsenic with different crystal structures are found free in nature (the minerals arsenopyrite and the much rarer arsenolamprite and pararsenolamprite), but it is more commonly found as a compound with other elements.
Three metalloidal forms of arsenic with different crystal structures are found free in nature (the minerals arsenopyrite and the much rarer arsenolamprite and pararsenolamprite), but it is more commonly found as a compound with other elements.
Three metalloidal forms of arsenic with different crystal structures are found free in nature (the minerals arsenopyrite and the much rarer arsenolamprite and pararsenolamprite), but it is more commonly found as a compound with other elements.
Diphenylchloroarsine belongs to the group of chemical warfare agents known as vomiting agents or sneeze gases. Due to its toxicity, it is nowadays considered obsolete. (L359)
Ethyldichloroarsine belongs to the group of chemical warfare agents known as blister agents or vesicants. Due to its toxicity, it is nowadays considered obsolete. (L360)
Lewisite belongs to the group of chemical warfare agents known as blister agents or vesicants. Due to its toxicity, it is nowadays considered obsolete. (L362)
Methyldichloroarsine belongs to the group of chemical warfare agents known as blister agents or vesicants. Due to its toxicity, it is nowadays considered obsolete. (L366)
Phenyldichloroarsine belongs to the group of chemical warfare agents known as blister agents or vesicants. It is also considered a vomiting/incapacitating agent. Due to its toxicity, it is nowadays considered obsolete. (L368)
Thorin is used as an indicator used in the determination of barium, beryllium, lithium, uranium and thorium compounds. (L370)
Triphenylarsine is used as a ligand and a reagent in coordination chemistry and organic synthesis. (L398)
Lead selenide is a semiconductor and is used for manufacture of infrared detectors for thermal imaging. (L399)
Lead telluride is a narrow gap semiconductor and may be used as an infrared detector material and thermoelectric material. (L400)
Lead(II) fluoride is used in certain types of glass, in phosphors for television-tube screens, and as a catalyst for the manufacture of picoline. (L401)
Basic lead carbonate was once used in cosmetics and lead paint, but has since been banned in most areas due to its toxicity. (L402)
Mercuric amidochloride was once considered an antiseptic and disinfectant, but is no longer used due to the toxicity of mercury. (L420)
Meralluride is used as a diuretic. (L263)
Merbromin is used as a topical antiseptic for minor cuts and scrapes. It is also used as a biological dye to mark tissue margins, and as a metal dye in industrial dye penetrant inspection to detect metal fractures. (L264)
Mersalyl acid is used as a diuretic. (L265)
Phenylmercuric borate is used as a topical antiseptic and disinfectant. (L262)
Thiomersal is used as an antiseptic and antifungal agent. (L267)
Cadmium cyanide is used as an electrolyte for electrodeposition of thin metallic cadmium coatings on metal to protect against corrosion. (L460)
Zinc cadmium sulfide is used for its fluorescent properties. (L462)
Cobalt sulfide is used as a catalyst for the industrial process called hydrodesulfurization, which is implemented on a large scale in refineries. (L480)
Cobalt(II) cyanide is used as a catalyst and in the preparation of cyanide complexes. (L483)
Cyclopentadienylcobalt dicarbonyl is used as a catalyst in the dimerization or trimerization of alkynes. (L484)
Also known as bis(cyclopentadienyl)nickel or NiCp2, this bright green paramagnetic solid is found abundantly in nature in laterite ore minerals, such as limonite, garnierite, and pentlandite. Nickel has a biological role and is found in certain enzymes, including urease, hydrogenase, methylcoenzyme M reductase, and carbon monoxide dehydrogenase.
(Benzene)chromium tricarbonyl is a useful catalyst for the hydrogenation of 1,3-dienes. (L512)
Bis(benzene)chromium is used in organic synthesis. (L513)
Chromium(III) potassium sulfate can be used for leather tanning. (L514)
Chromium carbide is used as a thermal spray material for protecting  underlying metal surfaces, as an additive to corrosion-resistant and wear-resistant materials, in coatings of bearings, seals, orifices, and valve seals, and as a fine-crystal phase in other sintered carbides, where it inhibits growth of submicrometre grains during pressing and sintering. (L516)
Chromium nitrate is used in the production of alkali metal-free catalysts and in pickling. (L517)
Chromium(II) acetate is used the polymer industry, to dehalogenate organic compounds such as _-bromoketones and chlorohydrins, and as an oxygen scrubber. (L518)
Chromium(II) chloride is used as a precursor to other inorganic and organometallic chromium complexes. (L519)
Chromium(III) acetylacetonate is used in NMR spectroscopy as a relaxation agent. (L520)
Chromium(III) chloride is used in organic synthesis and reactions. (L521)
Chromium(III) fluoride is used in the colouration of limestone and silk, as a wood preservative, as a component of refractory bricks, abrasives and ceramics, and as a catalyst in organic conversion reactions. (L522)
Chromium(III) oxide is commonly used as pigment, under the name viridian, in paints, inks, and glasses. (L523)
Chromium(III) picolinate is found in nutritional supplements to prevent or treat chromium deficiency.
Chromium(III) sulfate is used in the tanning of leather. (L524)
Chromium(IV) oxide is used in magnetic tape emulsion in data tape applications for enterprise-class storage systems. (L525)
Chromocene is used as a catalyst. (L526)
Chromyl chloride is used in organic synthesis. (L527)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Zineb is used as a fungicide to control downy mildews, rusts and redfire disease. (L540)
Nysted reagent is used for the olefination of ketones and aldehydes. (L536)
Zinc dithiophosphate is used in anti-wear additives to lubricants such as greases, gear oils, and motor oils. (L264)
Zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate is commonly used as a Lewis acid catalyst. (L539)
Aluminium chlorohydrate is used in deodorants and antiperspirants and as a flocculant in water purification. (L746)
Aluminium diacetate hydroxide is used as an antiseptic. (L747)
Aluminium acetoacetate is an antacid. (L748)
Aluminium antimonide is used as a a semiconductor. (L749)
Aluminium carbide is a common impurity of technical calcium carbide and often forms as a corrosion product of graphite electrodes. It is used an abrasive in high-speed cutting tools and in pyrotechnics. (L750)
Aluminium chloride is probably the most commonly used Lewis acid and also one of the most powerful. It finds widespread application in the chemical industry as the classic catalyst for Friedel-Crafts reactions, both acylations and alkylations. It also finds use in polymerization and isomerization reactions of hydrocarbons. Aluminium chloride, often in the form of derivatives such as aluminium chlorohydrate, is a common component in antiperspirants at low concentrations. (L751)
Aluminium dodecaboride is used as a grinding compound to replace diamond or corundum. (L752)
Aluminium glycinate is an antacid. (L754)
Aluminium hydride is a chemical reagent used as a reducing agent. Aluminum hydride is is used in hydroalumination of alkynes, allylic rearrangements, and storing hydrogen in hydrogen-fueled vehicles. (L755)
Aluminium hydroxide is used as an antacid and included as an adjuvant in some vaccines. (L756)
Aluminium iodide is used as a catalyst in organic chemistry. (A6)
Aluminium oxide's most significant use is in the production of aluminium metal, although it is also used as an abrasive due to its hardness and as a refractory material due to its high melting point. (L758)
Aluminium isopropoxide is a useful reagent in organic synthesis. (L761)
Aluminum monochloride is produced as a step in the Alcan process to smelt aluminium from an aluminium-rich alloy. (L762)
Aluminium monostearate is used to form gels in the packaging of pharmaceuticals, and in the preparation of colors for cosmetics. (L763)
Aluminium nitrate is used in tanning leather, antiperspirants, corrosion inhibitors, extraction of uranium, petroleum refining, and as a nitrating agent. (L765)
Aluminium nitride is a semiconductor and can be used in light-emitting diodes. (T10)
Aluminium phosphate is used in cake mixes and in some baking powders as a leavening agent to help baked goods rise. Medicinally it is used as adsorbent for toxoids. It is also used industrially as a high-temperature dehydrating agent. (L769)
Aluminium phosphide is a wide band gap semiconductor and is used as a rodenticide, insecticide and fumigant for stored cereal grains. (L770)
Aluminium sulfate is an industrial chemical used as a flocculating agent in the purification of drinking water, in waste water treatment plants, and also in paper manufacturing. (L771)
Methylaluminoxane is most well known for being a co-catalyst for olefin polymerizations of the Ziegler-Natta type. (L773)
Diisobutylaluminium hydride is a reducing agent used in organic synthesis. (L774)
Potassium alum or potash alum is an astringent/styptic and antiseptic and is commonly used in water purification, leather tanning, fireproof textiles, and baking powder. It also has cosmetic uses as a deodorant and as an aftershave treatment. (L776)
Sodium bis(2-methoxyethoxy)aluminumhydride is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. (L777)
Sodium aluminium hydride is a reducing agent and is used for hydrogen storage in hydrogen tanks. (L778)
Sodium hexafluoroaluminate is used in the production of insecticides, in the glass and enamel industries, as well as being a solvent for bauxite in the electrolytic manufacture of aluminium. (L779)
Tebbe's reagent is used in the methylenation of carbonyl compounds. (L780)
Triethylaluminium is used in various chemical processing and as an ignitor for jet and rocket engines. (L781)
Trimethylaluminium is used in the production of methylaluminoxane and Tebbe's reagent, as well as in semiconductor fabrication to grow thin film, high-k dielectrics. (L782)
Tris(8-hydroxyquinolinato)aluminium is  common component of organic light-emitting diodes. (L783)
In microelectronics, lithium aluminate is considered as a lattice matching substrate for gallium nitride. In nuclear technology, lithium aluminate is of interest as a solid tritium breeder material, for preparing tritium fuel for nuclear fusion. Lithium aluminate also finds its use as an inert electrolyte support material in molten carbonate fuel cells. (L19)
Sodium aluminate is used in water treatment as an adjunct to water softening systems, as a coagulant aid to improve flocculation, and for removing dissolved silica and phosphates. In construction technology, sodium aluminate is employed to accelerate the solidification of concrete, mainly when working during frost. Sodium aluminate is also used in the paper industry, for fire brick production, alumina production and so forth. (L18)
When activated with a suitable dopant, strontium aluminate acts as a photoluminescent phosphor with long persistence of phosphorescence. (L787)
Titanium aluminide finds use in several applications including automobiles and aircraft. (L788)
Solution containing lithium tetrachloroaluminate are used as the liquid cathode and electrolyte of some lithium batteries. (A15)
Aluminium octadecanoate is used in foods as a buffer, firming agent and neutralising agent.
Allylpalladium(II) chloride dimer is an important catalyst used in organic synthesis. (A27)
Palladium hydride is used to purify hydrogen gas. (A28)
Palladium acetate is used as a catalyst for many organic reactions and as a precursor to other palladium(II) compounds. (L804)
Palladium(II) chloride is a common starting material in palladium chemistry. Palladium(II) chloride is sometimes used to test for the corrosion-resistance of stainless steel and can be found in carbon monoxide detectors. (A30)
Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium(0) is widely used as a catalyst for coupling reactions. (L806)
Silver acetate is commonly used as a pesticide. It also produces a repulsive taste when combined with cigarette smoke, so it is used in chewing gum and lozenges to aid the cessation of smoking. (L813)
Silver carbonate is used as a reagent in organic synthesis such as the Koenigs-Knorr reaction. It is also employed to convert alkyl bromides into alcohols. (L815)
Silver chloride is used to make photographic paper and pottery glazes. It is also found in stained glass colorants, bandages, and other wound healing products, and may be used as an antidote to mercury poisoning. (L816)
Silver fulminate is a primary explosive that can be used in fireworks. (L818)
Silver hexafluorophosphate is commonly used in inorganic chemistry to replace halide ligands with the weakly-coordinating hexafluorophosphate anion. (L819)
Silver iodide is used in photography, as an antiseptic in medicine, and in rainmaking. (L820)
Silver molybdate is used in glass. (L822)
Silver nitrate is a versatile precursor to many other silver compounds, such as those used in photography, and is commonly used in inorganic chemistry to abstract halides. Silver nitrate is also used in organic synthesis and for silver staining of proteins and nucleic acids, such as in PAGE gels and scanning electron microscopy. (L823)
Silver oxalate is used in experimental petrology to add carbon dioxide to experiments. (L824)
Silver oxide is used to prepare other silver compounds, and in the silver oxide battery. (L825)
Silver perchlorate is a useful source of the silver ion and is often used to replace halides ligands with perchlorate in inorganic chemistry. (L827)
Silver sulfate is used in silver plating. (L828)
Silver telluride is a semiconductor. (L831)
Silver tetrafluoroborate is commonly used in inorganic and organometallic chemistry to replace halide anions or ligands with the weakly-coordinating tetrafluoroborate anions. (L832)
Silver trifluoromethanesulfonate is used in inorganic and organometallic chemistry to replace halide anions or ligands. (L833)
Silver(I) fluoride is a strong fluorinating and oxidation agent. (L836)
Silver(I,III) oxide is used as part of the manufacture of silver oxide-zinc alkaline batteries. (L835)
Vanadium carbide is a hard refractory ceramic material commercially used in tool bits cutting tools. (L839)
Vanadium nitride is a strong-coupled superconductor and is formed during the nitriding of steel and increases wear resistance. (L840)
Vanadium oxytrichloride is used as a reagent in organic synthesis. (L841)
Vanadium tetrachloride is an important starting reagent in the preparation of vanadium compounds. It is also used as a reagent and catalyst in organic chemistry. (L842)
Vanadium(III) chloride is a common precursor to other vanadium(III) complexes.
Vanadium(III) oxide is used as a catalyst when making ethanol from ethylene. (L845)
Vanadyl sulfate is a common source of vanadium in the laboratory. Vanadyl sulfate is an intermediate in the extraction of vanadium from petroleum residues and is also a component of some food supplements and drugs. (L852)
Vanadium(IV) oxide, especially in its nanocrystalline form, may find use in glazing applications, extremely fast optical shutters, optical modulators, infrared modulators for missile guidance systems, cameras, and data storage. (L848)
Vanadium(V) oxide catalyses several useful aerobic oxidation reactions, most notably in the production of sulfuric acid from sulfur dioxide. (L849)
Vanadium(V) oxytrifluoride is used for the oxidative coupling of phenolic rings in organic synthesis. (L850)
Vanadyl acetylacetonate is used in organic chemistry as a reagent in the epoxidation of allylic alcohols in combination with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). It also exhibits insulin mimetic properties, in that in can stimulate the phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), as well as inhibit tyrosine phosphatase (PTPase). This gives it anti-diabetic properties. (L851)
Sodium orthovanadate is often added to buffer solutions that are used in protein analysis in molecular biology. The aim is to preserve the phosphorylation of proteins of interest by inhibiting endogenous phosphatases present in cell lysate mixture. (L854)
Fluorescein isothiocyanate is used in flow cytometry. (L552)
Hydrogen isocyanide is used in astrochemistry and as a tracer of dense gas in molecular clouds. (L555)
Methyl isocyanide is used for the preparation of various heterocycles. It is also a ligand in organometallic chemistry. (L556)
Chlorosulfonyl isocyanate is used in organic synthesis for purposes such as the preparation of medically important preparation of beta-lactams. (L573)
Aliphatic diisocyanates are used in special applications, such as enamel coatings which are resistant to abrasion and degradation from ultraviolet light. These properties are particularly desirable in, for instance, the exterior paint applied to aircraft. (L574)
Aliphatic diisocyanates are used in special applications, such as enamel coatings which are resistant to abrasion and degradation from ultraviolet light. These properties are particularly desirable in, for instance, the exterior paint applied to aircraft. (L574)
Methyl isocyanate is an intermediate chemical in the production of carbamate pesticides (such as carbaryl, carbofuran, methomyl, and aldicarb) and has also been used in the production of rubbers and adhesives. (L575)
Methylene diphenyl diisocyanate is used in the manufacture of polyurethane and as an an industrial strength adhesive. (L576)
Toluene diisocyanate is used in the manufacture of polyurethane. (L577)
Acetone cyanohydrin is used in the production of methyl methacrylate, the monomer of the transparent plastic polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), also known as acrylic. (L581)
Acrylonitrile is used principally as a monomer in the manufacture of synthetic polymers, especially polyacrylonitrile which comprises acrylic fibers. Acrylic fibers are, among other uses, precursor for well-known carbon-fiber. It is also a component of synthetic rubber and small amounts may be used as a fumigant. (L583)
beta-Aminopropionitrile is a reagent used as an intermediate in the manufacture of beta-alanine and pantothenic acid.
Benzonitrile is a useful solvent and a versatile precursor to many derivatives, thus it is often used in organic chemistry. (L588)
Benzyl cyanide is an intermediate to the production of phenobarbital, methylphenidate, and many amphetamines. (L589)
Bromobenzyl cyanide is an industrial and laboratory chemical. Occupational exposure to Bromobenzyl cyanide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Bromobenzyl cyanide is produced or used.
Bromoxynil is used as a herbicide. It is not permitted for homeowner use and is used for mainly for post-emergent control of annual broadleaf weeds. It is especially effective in the control of weeds in cereal, corn, sorghum, onions, flax, mint, turf, and on non-cropland. (L594)
Butyl cyanoacrylate is the main component of medical cyanoacrylate glues, which are used as adhesives for lacerations of the skin, and in the treatment of bleeding from vascular structures. (L595)
Chlorfenapyr is a pesticide. (L596)
Chlorothalonil is a non-systemic fungicide. It is used predominantly on peanuts, potatoes, and tomatoes. It is also used on golf courses and lawns and as an additive in some paints. (L597)
2,6-Dichlorobenzonitrile is a herbicide. (L598)
Ethyl cyanoacrylate is used as the main component of certain cyanoacrylate glues, such as the well known Super Glue and Krazy Glue. (L605)
Methyl cyanoacrylate is used as the main component of certain cyanoacrylate glues. (L608)
Octyl cyanoacrylate is the main component of medical cyanoacrylate glues, which are used as adhesives for lacerations of the skin, and in the treatment of bleeding from vascular structures. (L609)
Phthalonitrile is used as a precursor to phthalocyanine pigments (which are precursors to the blue dye in jeans), fluorescent brighteners, and photographic sensitizers. (L611)
Tetracyanoquinodimethane is an electron-acceptor that is used to prepare charge transfer salts, which are of interest in the area of molecular electronics. (L614)
Tetracyanoethylene is used to prepare numerous organic superconductors, usually by serving as a single electron oxidant of an organic electron donor. Such charge-transfer salts are sometimes called Bechgaard salt. (L615)
Tetramethylsuccinonitrile is a decomposition product of some radical initiators used in polymer manufacture. (L616)
Potassium bromate may be used as a flour improver, strengthening the dough and allowing higher rising, as well as in the production of malt barley. However,  its use in food products in now banned in most countries. (L635)
Silver bromate is used as an oxidant for the transformation of tetrahydropyranyl ethers to carbonyl compounds. (L636)
Sodium bromate is mainly used in continuous or batch dyeing processes involving sulfur or vat dyes and as a hair-permagent, chemical agent, or gold solvent in gold mines when used with sodium bromide. (L637)
Aluminium bromide is used as a catalyst for the Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction. (L639)
Ammonium bromide is used for photography in films, plates and papers, for fireproofing wood, in lithography and process engraving, in corrosion inhibitors, and in pharmaceutical preparations. (L640)
Antimony tribromide can be added to polymers such as polyethylene as a fire retardant. (L641)
Boron tribromide is an excellent demethylating or dealkylating agent for ethers and is often used in the production of pharmaceuticals. Additionally, it also finds applications in olefin polymerization and in Friedel-Crafts chemistry as a Lewis acid catalyst. The electronics industry uses boron tribromide as a boron source in pre-deposition processes for doping in the manufacture of semiconductors. (L642)
Bronopol is used as a preservative in pharmaceuticals, as well as numerous consumer products such as shampoos and cosmetics. It is also used as an antimicrobial in many industrial environments such as paper mills, oil exploration and production facilities, as well as cooling water disinfection plants. (L643)
Bronidox is used as a stabilizer, surfacant, bactericide, and preservative in immunology and cosmetics. (L644)
Caesium bromide is used in optics as a beamsplitter component in wide-band spectrophotometers. (L645)
Calcium bromide can be found in drilling fluids, neuroses medication, freezing mixtures, food preservatives, photography and fire retardants. (L646)
Cerium(III) bromide-doped lanthanum bromide single crystals are known to exhibit superior scintillation properties for applications in the security, medical imaging, and geophysics detectors. (L647)
Gold(III) bromide is used as a catalyst in a variety of reactions. (L648)
Hydrogen bromide and its acid are mainly used for the production of inorganic bromides, especially the bromides of zinc, calcium, and sodium. They are also useful reagents for generating organobromine compounds. (L649)
Indium(I) bromide has been used in the sulfur lamp and in organic chemistry. (L652)
Iron(II) bromide is useful synthetic intermediate. (L653)
Iron(III) bromide is used as a Lewis acid catalyst in the halogenation of aromatic compounds. (L654)
Widely used as an anticonvulsant and a sedative in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but today is only used in veterinary medicine, as an antiepileptic medication for dogs and cats.
It is used as a solvent for greases, waxes and oils, in plastic and rubber industry for blowing, vulcanization, and polymerization, as a sedative and as an intermediate in manufacturing agrochemicals. Due to its non-flammability it is used as an ingredient in fire resistant chemicals. It is also used for separating minerals because of its high density. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Allyl bromide is an industrial and laboratory chemical. Occupational exposure to Allyl bromide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where Allyl bromide is produced or used.
Used as a solid halohydantion product for water disinfection in swimming pools. Occupational exposure to BCDMH may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where BCDMH is produced or used.
It is used in organic synthesis for the introduction of the benzyl protecting group for alcohols and carboxylic acids. Because of these properties, it has been used as a war gas. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Bromoacetici acid is an industrial and laboratory chemical. It is produced as a drinking water disinfection by-product and small amounts may be found in treated drinking water.
Bromoacetone is an industrial and laboratory chemical. Occupational exposure to bromoacetone may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where bromoacetone is produced or used.
Used as an industrial chemical for production of Grignard reagents.  Also used as an additive in certain motor oils.
Laboratory chemical used as a mutagen in mutagenesis experiments. It is more commonly used in the detection of proliferating cells in living tissues.
It is used as a starting material for the synthesis of (biologically active) _,_-difluoro-_-lactams and the synthesis of trifluoromethylated C-nucleosides. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Bromoethane is an industrial chemical.
It is used to manufacture pharmaceuticals and organic chemicals. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
The primary use of methyl bromide is as a fumigant in soil to control fungi, nematodes, and weeds; in space fumigation of food commodities (e.g., grains); and in storage facilities (such as mills, warehouses, vaults, ships, and freight cars) to control insects and rodents. In most places, levels of methyl bromide in the air are usually < 0.025 parts per billion (ppb).  Industrial areas have higher levels (ranging up to 1.2 ppb) because of releases from chemical factories. Workers who fumigate homes and fields may be exposed to high levels of methyl bromide if proper safety precautions are not followed.
2-Bromopropane is an industrial and laboratory chemical.
Used as a laboratory and industrial chemical. Occupational exposure to N-bromosuccinimide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where N-bromosuccinimide is produced or used.
Laboratory chemical used as a mutagen in many mutagenesis experiments.
It is used as an anti-infective. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
1,3-Dibromo-5,5-dimethylhydantoin is an organobromide compound derived from the heterocycle called dimethylhydantoin. It is widely used as a disinfectant used for drinking water purification, recreational water treatment, as a bleaching agent in pulp and paper mills, and for treating industrial/commercial water cooling systems. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
It may be produced synthetically or naturally by marine algae. Dibromomethane is used as a solvent, gage fluid and in organic synthesis. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
As dibrompropamidine isethionate, it is also used in eyedrops and ointment for the treatment of infections. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
In World War I, ethyl bromoacetate was used as a lachrymatory agent and tear gas agent for chemical warfare. It was also later used as a riot control agent. Today it is mostly used in organic synthesis as an alkylating agent. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
It is a brominated flame retardant used in extruded (XPS) and expanded (EPS) polystyrene foam that is used as thermal insulation in the building industry. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Phenacyl bromide is an industrial and laboratory chemical.
Cleaning solvent, drycleaning solvent, aerosol glue solvent. 1-bromopropane may be found in products used in vapor and immersion degreasing operations for cleaning metal, plastics, electronic and optical components; in adhesive spray applications; and in dry cleaning operations. 1-bromopropane may also be a component of some aerosol spray products. Exposures to 1-bromopropane in occupational settings occur via two primary routes: (1) inhalation of 1-bromopropane vapors and mists; and (2) skin contact with 1-bromopropane.
It is used to separate mineral ores from its supporting rock by means of preferential flotation. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
It is used as a reagent for bromination in organic synthesis. Diatomic bromine does not occur naturally, but bromine salts can be found in crustal rock.
Vinyl bromide is primarily used in the manufacture of flame retardant synthetic fibers. Workers may be occupationally exposed to vinyl bromide via inhalation during its manufacture or use.
Occupational exposure to xylyl bromide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where xylyl bromide is produced or used.
Occupational exposure to xylyl bromide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where xylyl bromide is produced or used.
Occupational exposure to xylyl bromide may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where xylyl bromide is produced or used.
Sodium selenate is used as a mineral supplement. (L621)
Benzeneselenol is a useful reagent in organic synthesis. (L622)
Diphenyl diselenide is a useful reagent in organic synthesis. (L623)
Selenium dioxide is used in organic synthesis, glass colorants, and as a toner in photographic developing. (L726)
SELSUN&#174;, a liquid antiseborrheic, antifungal preparation for topical application. Treatment of tinea versicolor, seborrheic dermatitis of scalp and treatment of dandruff. (L1522)
Selenium disulfide is used an antifungal agent in shampoos for the treatment of dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis. (L728)
Selenium oxydichloride is used occasionally as a polar solvent for synthetic phenolic resins. (L729)
Selenium tetrafluoride is used as a fluorinating reagent in organic synthesis. (L730)
Selenium trioxide is used in the manufacture of photoelectric cells and solar energy devices. (L731)
Selenium rarely occurs in its elemental state in nature and is usually found in sulfide ores such as pyrite, partially replacing the sulfur in the ore matrix. It may also be found in silver, copper, lead, and nickel minerals.
Gallium(II) selenide is used as a nonlinear optical material for frequency conversion of laser light and as a photoconductor. (L732)
Hydrogen selenide is used in organic synthesis, as well as to dope semiconductors with selenium. (L733)
Silver(I) selenide is used in photography to produce selenium toning. (L735)
Selenous acid is used in organic synthesis. (L736)
Sodium selenite is mainly used in the manufacture of colorless glass. Its pink coloration cancels out the green color imparted by iron impurities. (L737)
Selenium rarely occurs in its elemental state in nature and is usually found in sulfide ores such as pyrite, partially replacing the sulfur in the ore matrix. It may also be found in silver, copper, lead, and nickel minerals.
Cresols are used to as solvents, disinfectants and deodorizers, as well as to make other chemicals. They may be formed normally in the body from other compounds. Cresols are found in many foods and in wood and tobacco smoke, crude oil, coal tar, and in chemical mixtures used as wood preservatives. Small organisms in soil and water produce cresols when they break down materials in the environment. Breathing air containing cresols is the primary source of exposure. Exposure may also result from drinking contaminated water, eating contaminated food and coming into contact with liquids containing cresols. (L528)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
For the treatment of infestation with <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i> (scabies). Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Pyrethroids are used as insecticides. (L857)
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water or eating contaminated foods; skin and eye exposure (L857).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing air, drinking water, and eating foods that contain antimony. Exposure can also occur through dermal or skin contact (L741).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L893).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L894).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L894).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L894).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L894).
Breathing in contaminated air; drinking contaminated water; eating contaminated food; dermal and eye exposure (L894).
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
PBBs can be used as flame retardants and may be added to the plastics used to make products like computer monitors, televisions, textiles, and plastic foams to make them difficult to burn. However, the use of PBBs is banned or restricted in most areas due to their toxicity and persistence in the environment. (L628, L629)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant man-made chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Pentabromodiphenyl ethers are most commonly used as a flame retardant in flexible polyurethane foam. (L628, L701)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant man-made chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Octabromodiphenyl ethers are used in conjunction with antimony trioxide as a flame retardant in the housings of electrical and electronic equipment, mainly in the plastic acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, but also in high impact polystyrene, polybutylene terephthalate and polyamides. (L628, L701)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Because they are mixed into plastics and foams rather than bound to them, PBDEs can leave the products that contain them and enter the environment. (L628)
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are flame-retardant man-made chemicals found in plastics used in a variety of consumer products to make them difficult to burn. Decabromodiphenyl ethers are used in conjunction with antimony trioxide in polymers, mainly in high impact polystyrene (HIPS). (L628, L691)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
Dioxins occur as by-products from the manufacture of organochlorides, the bleaching of paper, chlorination by waste and drinking water treatment plants, municipal solid waste and industrial incinerators, and natural sources such as volcanoes and forest fires. (L177, L178)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
2-Bromodibenzofuran is an industrial chemical. Small amounts may be produced through the production of coal tar or in coal gasification operations. Dibenzofurans are released to the ambient air from combustion sources.  Dibenzofurans may be found in coke dust, grate ash, fly ash, and flame soot.  The general public may be exposed to dibenzofurans through the inhalation of contaminated air or through the consumption of contaminated drinking water or food. Dibenzofurans have been identified in tobacco smoke.
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
Pure n-hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the n-hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing n-hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain n-hexane. Several consumer products contain n-hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (L175)
Pure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (L175)
Pure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (L175)
Pure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (L175)
Pure hexane is used in laboratories. Most of the hexane used in industry is mixed with similar chemicals called solvents. The major use for solvents containing hexane is to extract vegetable oils from crops such as soybeans. These solvents are also used as cleaning agents in the printing, textile, furniture, and shoemaking industries. Certain kinds of special glues used in the roofing and shoe and leather industries also contain hexane. Several consumer products contain hexane, such as gasoline, quick-drying glues used in various hobbies, and rubber cement. (L175)
Boron phosphide is a semiconductor. (L983)
Calcium phosphide is used mainly in incendiary bombs and as a rodenticide, and is also found in fireworks, torpedoes, self-igniting naval pyrotechnic flares, and various water-activated ammunition. (L984)
Gallium phosphide is a semiconductor and optical material that is used for manufacture of low and standard brightness red, orange, and green light-emitting diodes. (L985)
Indium phosphide is a semiconductor used in high-power and high-frequency electronics because of its superior electron velocity with respect to the more common semiconductors silicon and gallium arsenide. It also has a direct bandgap, making it useful for optoelectronics devices like laser diodes. (L986)
Iron phosphide is a semiconductor used in high power, high frequency applications and in laser diodes. (L987)
Sodium phosphide is used as a reagent in the production of other chemicals and as a catalyst in the formation of polymers. (L988)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
CDFs are created from production of coal tar and during incineration. They are used as insecticides, in the production of PVC, and in industrial bleaching. (L952)
It is found in several members of the Amanita genus of mushrooms, one being the Death cap (Amanita phalloides) as well as the Destroying angel, a complex of similar species, principally A. virosa and A. bisporigera. It is also found in the mushrooms Galerina marginata and Conocybe filaris. (L993)
Orellanine or Orellanin is a pyridine N-oxide and a crystalline alkaloid that is found naturally in some lifeforms, specifically certain fungi. It has been found in at least 34 types of mushrooms in the Cortinariaceae family. (L998)
Muscarine is only a trace compound in the fly agaric Amanita muscaria; the pharmacologically more relevant compound from this mushroom is muscimol.

Mushrooms in the genera Entoloma and Mycena have also been found to contain levels of muscarine which can be dangerous if ingested. Muscarine has been found in harmless trace amounts in Boletus, Hygrocybe, Lactarius and Russula. (L1011)
Gyromitrin is a toxic and possibly carcinogenic chemical present in most members of the fungal genus Gyromitra, most notably the false morel G. esculenta. (L1013)
Coprine occurs naturally in the otherwise edible mushroom, the common ink cap (Coprinopsis atramentaria). (L1015)
Ibotenic acid is used as a brain lesioning agent in the medical environment. When injected intracranially, ibotenic acid causes the development of lesions of the brain. (L1141)
Muscimol is produced naturally in the mushrooms Amanita muscaria, Amanita pantherina, and Amanita gemmata, along with muscarine, muscazone, and ibotenic acid. (L1142)
Psilocybin has no recognized medical uses. However, it has been investigated as an experimental treatment for several disorders. (L1143)
Psilocin is a psychedelic (hallucinogenic) mushroom alkaloid. It is found in most psychedelic mushrooms together with its phosphorylated counterpart psilocybin. Psilocin is the pharmacologically active agent in the body after ingestion of psilocybin or psychedelic mushrooms. (L1673)
For use as therapy to abort or prevent vascular headache, e.g., migraine, migraine variants, or so called "histaminic cephalalgia". Ergotamine is a secondary metabolite (natural product) and principal alkaloid of the ergot fungus, Claviceps purpurea, and related fungi in the family Clavicipitaceae. It is used medicinally for treatment of acute migraine attacks (sometimes in combination with caffeine), and to induce childbirth and prevent post-partum haemorrhage. (L1927)
Palytoxin is isolated from soft coral (L992).
It is a marine toxin, found in reef fish (L994).
It is a marine toxin, found in reef fish (L994).
It is a marine toxin, found in reef fish (L994).
It is a marine toxin, found in reef fish (L994).
Phalloidin is one of a group of toxins from the death cap (Amanita phalloides) known as phallotoxins. (L996)
Prophalloin is one of a group of toxins from the death cap (Amanita phalloides) known as phallotoxins. (L996)
Phalloin is one of a group of toxins from the death cap (Amanita phalloides) known as phallotoxins. (L996)
Phallacidin is one of a group of toxins from the death cap (Amanita phalloides) known as phallotoxins. (L996)
Phallacin is one of a group of toxins from the death cap (Amanita phalloides) known as phallotoxins. (L996)
Naftidrofuryl is a drug used in the management of peripheral and cerebral vascular disorders (L999).
For the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis caused by susceptible strains of the following organisms: <i>Corynebacterium</i> species, <i>Staphylococus aureus</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i> (Groups C/F/G), Viridans group streptococci, <i>Acinetobacter lwoffii</i>, <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i>, <i>Serratia marcescens</i>. Levofloxacin is a synthetic chemotherapeutic agent used to treat severe and life threatening bacterial infection (L1009).
Vindesine is used in chemotherapy to treat many different types of cancer, including leukaemia, lymphoma, melanoma, breast cancer, and lung cancer (L1022).
For the treatment of depression, chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep disorders, diabetic neuropathy, agitation and insomnia, and migraine prophylaxis.
For the treatment and management of leprosy and dermatitis herpetiformis. Dapsone is mainly employed for its actions against mycobacterium leprae. It is also used with pyrimethamine in the treatment of malaria, and of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) (A308, L1039).
For use as an adjunct to diet for the control of hyperglycemia and its associated symptomatology in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM; type II), formerly known as maturity-onset diabetes, after an adequate trial of dietary therapy has proved unsatisfactory.
For the treatment of chronic and breakthrough pain in advanced cancer patients as well as for the treatment of opioid dependence. Tetrodotoxin is produced by bacteria (genus Pseudoalteromonas, Pseudomonas, Vibrio) and found in certain species of Tetraodontiformes (puffer fish, porcupine fish, ocean sunfish, triggerfish), from which its name is derived. (L1060)
Methotrexate is indicated in the treatment of gestational choriocarcinoma, chorioadenoma destruens and hydatidiform mole. In acute lymphocytic leukemia, methotrexate is indicated in the prophylaxis of meningeal leukemia and is used in maintenance therapy in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents.  Methotrexate is also indicated in the treatment of meningeal leukemia. Methotrexate is used alone or in combination with other anticancer agents in the treatment of breast cancer, epidermoid cancers of the head and neck, advanced mycosis fungoides (cutaneous T cell lymphoma), and lung cancer, particularly squamous cell and small cell types.  Methotrexate is also used in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of advanced stage non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. Methotrexate is indicated in the symptomatic control of severe, recalcitrant, disabling psoriasis. Methotrexate is indicated in the management of selected adults with severe, active rheumatoid arthritis (ACR criteria), or children with active polyarticular-course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
Philanthotoxins are components of the venom of the Egyptian solitary wasp (Philanthus triangulum). (L1016)
Batrachotoxins are  found in poison dart frogs (genus Dendrobates and Phyllobates), Melyridae beetles, and certain birds (genus Pitohui and Ifrita). (L1069)
Histrionicotoxin is a toxin found in poison dart frogs (genus Dendrobates). (L1072)
Pumiliotoxin is a toxin found in poison dart frogs (genus Dendrobates and Phyllobates). (L1073)
Epibatidine is a toxin found in certain poisonous frogs (Epipedobates tricolour). (L1074)
Allopumiliotoxins are toxins found in poison dart frogs (genus Dendrobates). (L1076)
Arenobufagin is secreted by the Argentine toad (Bufo arenarum). (L1078)
Bufotenin is a toxin found in some toads (genus Bufo) and mushrooms (genus Amanita). (L1081)
Cinobufagin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid secreted by the Asiatic toad (Bufo gargarizans). (L1083)
Marinobufagin is a cardiotoxic bufanolide steroid secreted by certain toads (Bufo rubescens, Bufo marinus). (L1085)
Onchidal is a naturally occurring toxin produced as a defensive secretion by certain molluscs (Onchidella binneyi). (L1110)
Saxitoxin is naturally produced by certain species of marine dinoflagellates (genus Alexandrium, Gymnodinium, Pyrodinium) and cyanobacteria (genus Anabaena, Aphanizomenon, Cylindrospermopsis, Lyngbya, Planktothrix). It is found in puffer fish and shellfish and is responsible for the human illness known as paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP). (L1115)
Dalfampridine is a neurofunctional modifier that helps improve walking speed in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). It is used primarily as a research tool, in characterizing subtypes of potassium channel, and has also been used to manage some of the symptoms of multiple sclerosis, for which it has orphan drug status in the United States and is undergoing Phase III clinical trials as of 2008 (L1082).
For the alleviation of signs and symptoms of spasticity resulting from multiple sclerosis, particularly for the relief of flexor spasms and concomitant pain, clonus, and muscular rigidity.
Quetiapine is indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia, depressive episodes associated with bipolar disorder, acute manic episodes associated with bipolar I disorder, and maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder (L1125).
Flecainide is is a class Ic antiarrhythmic agent and as such, it is used for the prevention of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardias (PSVT), including atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia and other supraventricular tachycardias of unspecified mechanism associated with disablin (A308).
For the treatment and management of chronic alcoholism (A308).
For treatment and management of seizure disorders, mania, and prophylactic treatment of migraine headache. In epileptics, valproic acid is used to control absence seizures, tonic-clonic seizures (grand mal), complex partial seizures, and the seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (A308).
For the chemoprophylaxis, prophylaxis, and treatment of signs and symptoms of infection caused by various strains of influenza A virus. Also for the treatment of parkinsonism and drug-induced extrapyramidal reactions (A308).
For the suppressive treatment and for acute attacks of malaria due to P. vivax, P.malariae, P. ovale, and susceptible strains of P. falciparum, Second-line agent in treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis (A308).
Common solvent and reagent in chemistry and is used as an aroma compound, as a stain remover, as a superglue remover, as a paint stripper, and as a solvent in some wet aluminium electrolytic capacitors (L1140).
Carbon dioxide is used by the food industry, the oil industry, and the chemical industry. It is used in many consumer products that require pressurized gas. Life jackets often contain canisters of pressured carbon dioxide for quick inflation. Aluminum capsules are also sold as supplies of compressed gas for airguns, paintball markers, for inflating bicycle tires, and for making seltzer (L1144).
For the short-term treatment of insomnia (A308).
Used as an adjunct for short term treatment of moderate and severe psychomotor agitation. Also used to treat agitation or restlessness in the elderly.
Unfractionated heparin is indicated for prophylaxis and treatment of venous thrombosis and its extension, prevention of post-operative deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism and prevention of clotting in arterial and cardiac surgery. In cardiology, it is used to prevent embolisms in patients with atrial fibrillation and as an adjunct antithrombin therapy in patients with unstable angina and/or non-Q wave myocardial infarctions (i.e. non-ST elevated acute coronary artery syndrome) who are on platelet glycoprotein (IIb/IIIa) receptor inhibitors. Additionally, it is used to prevent clotting during dialysis and surgical procedures, maintain the patency of intravenous injection devices and prevent in vitro coagulation of blood transfusions and in blood samples drawn for laboratory values.
Warfarin is an anticoagulant drug and rodenticide derived from coumarin. As a drug it is used for the treatment of retinal vascular occlusion, pulmonary embolism, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and flutter, cerebral embolism, transient cerebral ischaemia, arterial embolism and thrombosis. (A308)
For the treatment of the infections (respiratory, skin, soft tissue, UTI, ENT) caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, staphylococci, S. pyogenes (group A beta-hemolytic streptococci), E. coli, P. mirabilis, Klebsiella sp, coagulase-negative staph (A308).
For the adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in epilepsy and generalized seizures of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome. Also for the maintenance treatment of bipolar I disorder and depression. Off-label uses include the treatment of peripheral neuropathy, trigeminal neuralgia, cluster headaches, migraines, and reducing neuropathic pain. (A308, L1155)
An over-the-counter analgesic (pain reliever) and antipyretic (fever reducer). It is commonly used for the relief of fever, headaches, and other minor aches and pains, and is a major ingredient in numerous cold and flu remedies.
Most acrylamide is used to synthesize polyacrylamides, which find many uses as water-soluble thickeners. Polyacrylamide was first used in a laboratory setting as polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis to separate charged molecules. Acrylamide has many other uses in molecular biology laboratories, including the use of linear polyacrylamide (LPA) as a carrier which aids in the precipitation of small amounts of DNA. Many laboratory supply companies sell LPA for this use. Some acrylamide is used in the manufacture of dyes and the manufacture of other monomers. Acrylamide also occurs in many cooked starchy foods, such as potato chips and French fries. (L1157)
Indicated in the treatment of moderate to severe pain. Consider for those prone to constipation or respiratory depression. Tramadol is used to treat postoperative, dental, cancer, and acute musculosketetal pain and as an adjuvant to NSAID therapy in patients with osteoarthritis (A308).
For the management of psychotic disorders (eg. schizophrenia) and delirium, as well as to control tics and vocal utterances of Tourette's syndrome (Gilles de la Tourette's syndrome). Also used for the treatment of severe behavioural problems in children with disrubtive behaviour disorder or ADHD (attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder). Haloperidol has been used in the prevention and control of severe nausea and vomiting.
For use as an aid in smoking cessation (A308).
Used as rodenticide, insecticide proposed mainly for use on fruits to combat scale insects, aphids, mites (T50).
Maitotoxin is an extremely potent toxin produced by a species of dinoflagellates (Gambierdiscus toxicus). (L1114)
Agatoxins are a class of chemically diverse polyamine and peptide toxins which are isolated from the venom of various spiders, in particular the North American funnel-web spider (Agelenopsis aperta). (L1024)
Brevetoxins are cyclic polyether compounds produced naturally by a species of dinoflagellates (Karenia brevis). (L1112)
A diphosphonate which affects calcium metabolism. It inhibits bone resorption and soft tissue calcification. For the management of hypercalcemia of malignancy and as an adjunct in the management of osteolysis resulting from bone metastases of malignant tumors.
Pamidronate is in a class of drugs called bisphosphonates. Pamidronate reduces breakdown of the bones. Pamidronate is used in the treatment of Paget's disease of bone; to reduce high levels of calcium in the blood associated with malignancy (cancer); and to reduce the breakdown of bone due to metastases of breast cancer or multiple myeloma. For the treatment of moderate or severe hypercalcemia associated with malignancy
For the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in women and Paget's disease of bone in both men and women.
For the treatment and prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
For the treatment of Paget's disease of the bone (osteitis deformans), postmenopausal and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis
For the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy. Also for the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma and patients with documented bone metastases from solid tumors, in conjunction with standard antineoplastic therapy. In May of 2007, the drug was approved for treatment of Paget's Disease.
For the treatment and management of congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure. Digoxin is a plant toxin found in the foxglove plant (Digitalis lanata). It is used as a drug to treat various heart conditions, namely atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter and sometimes heart failure. (L1247)
Experimentally in cancer research.  The toxin is also found in shellfish (A329).
For the treatment of short-term treatment of insomnia in adults (A308).
Used in combination with infusional 5-FU/LV, is indicated for the treatment of advanced carcinoma of the colon or rectum and for adjuvant treatment of stage III colon cancer patients who have undergone complete resection of the primary tumor (A308).
For the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible strains of vancomycin resistant <i>Enterococcus faecium</i>, <i>Staphylococcal aureus</i> (methicillin resistant and susceptible strains), <i>Streptococcus pneumoniae</i>, <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i>, <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> (A308).
For the treatment of dry cough, drug withdrawal syndrome, opioid type drug dependence, and pain (A308).
For the treatment of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders.
May be used as an alternative in the treatment of urinary tract infections. May be used by females pericoitally for prophylaxis against recurrent cystitis related to coitus.
Used as an adjunct to dietary therapy to treat primary hyperlipidemia (heterozygous familial and nonfamilial), mixed dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia. Also indicated for homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia as an adjunct to other lipid-lowering therapies or when other such therapies are not available. Furthermore, it is used to slow the progression of atherosclerosis and for primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Used to treat vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, refractory rickets (vitamin D resistant rickets), familial hypophosphatemia and hypoparathyroidism, and in the management of hypocalcemia and renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Also used in conjunction with calcium in the management and prevention of primary or corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.
Used to treat vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, refractory rickets (vitamin D resistant rickets), familial hypophosphatemia and hypoparathyroidism, and in the management of hypocalcemia and renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Also used in conjunction with calcium in the management and prevention of primary or corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.
For the treatment of thiamine and niacin deficiency states, Korsakov's alcoholic psychosis, Wernicke-Korsakov syndrome, delirium, and peripheral neuritis. Thiamine (hydrochloride) is a food additive used to add a brothy/meaty flavor to gravies or soups.
For use in the management of hypocalcemia and its clinical manifestations in patients with hypoparathyroidism, as well as for the treatment of familial hypophosphatemia (vitamin D resistant rickets). This drug has also been used in the treatment of nutritional rickets or osteomalacia, vitamin D dependent rickets, rickets or osteomalacia secondary to long-term high dose anticonvulsant therapy, early renal osteodystrophy, osteoporosis (in conjunction with calcium), and hypophosphatemia associated with Fanconi syndrome (with treatment of acidosis).
For treatment of folic acid deficiency, megaloblastic anemia and in anemias of nutritional supplements, pregnancy, infancy, or childhood.
For the treatment of vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A helps regulate the immune system, which helps prevent or fight off infections by making white blood cells that destroy harmful bacteria and viruses.
Vitamin E, known for its antioxidant activities, is protective against cardiovascular disease and some forms of cancer and has also demonstrated immune-enhancing effects. It may be of limited benefit in some with asthma and rheumatoid arthritis. It may be helpful in some neurological diseases including Alzheimer's, some eye disorders including cataracts, and diabetes and premenstrual syndrome. It may also help protect skin from ultraviolet irradiation although claims that it reverses skin aging, enhances male fertility and exercise performance are poorly supported. It may help relieve some muscle cramps.
For the treatment of vitamin B6 deficiency and for the prophylaxis of isoniazid-induced peripheral neuropathy.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
For the treatment of vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency, refractory rickets (vitamin D resistant rickets), familial hypophosphatemia and hypoparathyroidism, and in the management of hypocalcemia and renal osteodystrophy in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing dialysis. Also used in conjunction with calcium in the management and prevention of primary or corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis.
The primary known function of vitamin K is to assist in the normal clotting of blood, but it may also play a role in normal bone calcification.
For management of depression and for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Has also been used in the management of bulimia nervosa.
For treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADDH) and narcolepsy in children.
For the management of anxiety disorders, and for treatment of status epilepticus.
Used for short-term hypnotic therapy in the management of insomnia for periods of up to one week in duration; however, this medication generally has been replaced by other sedative-hypnotic agents.
For the treatment and management of obesity.
For the treatment of fungal infections.
Caffeine is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant, having the effect of temporarily warding off drowsiness and restoring alertness. For management of fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, and for the short term treatment of apnea of prematurity in infants.
Foe the treatment of hypertension
For the treatment of depression. Unlabeled indications include: treatment of mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic patients, smoking cessation, ethanol abuse, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children, and diabetic neuropathy.
Used for the induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia during surgery and cesarean section and also used for analgesia during vaginal delivery.
Officially indicated for severe insomnia and other severe or disabling sleep disorders. For the short-term treatment of insomnia (generally 7-10 days).
For the treatment of clinical depression.
Useful for certain applications such as treating severe insomnia and relieving anxiety before surgical procedures;
For treatment of dermal fungal infection.
For use as an adjunct in the therapy of all forms of parkinsonism and also for use in the control of extrapyramidal disorders due to neuroleptic drugs.
Methysergide is a synthetic derivative of the ergoline family, which occur naturally in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi like other ergoline alkaloids. Methysergide antagonizes the effects of serotonin in blood vessels and gastrointestinal smooth muscle, but has few of the properties of other ergot alkaloids. It is used prophylactically in migraine and other vascular headaches and to antagonize serotonin in the carcinoid syndrome and is sold under the brand names Sansert and Deseril in 2mg dosages. (L1918, L1924)
For the treatment of hyperprolactinemic disorders, either idiopathic or due to prolactinoma (prolactin-secreting adenomas). May also be used to manage symptoms of Parkinsonian Syndrome as monotherapy during initial symptomatic management or as an adjunct to levodopa therapy during advanced stages of disease. Cabergoline is frequently used as a second-line agent in the management of prolactinomas when bromocriptine is ineffective. Ergoline alkaloids occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918, L1935)
For the control of generalized tonic-clonic (grand mal) and complex partial (psychomotor, temporal lobe) seizures and prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during or following neurosurgery.
For the local treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis and vaginal yeast infections, also used in fungal infections of the skin such as ringworm, athlete's foot, and jock itch.
For the treatment of the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Also used for the treatment of restless legs syndrome.
Used for the treatment and control of partial seizures and severe tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures and also for the prevention of migraine headaches. Used to treat epilepsy in children and adults. It is sometimes used as an antidepressant. In children it is indicated for the treatment of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a disorder that causes seizures and developmental delay. It is also Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved for, and most frequently prescribed for, the prevention of migraines. Psychiatrists have used topiramate to treat bipolar disorder,[6] but it is not FDA approved for this purpose. This drug has been investigated for use in treating alcoholism and obesity, especially to reduce binge eating.
For production of local or regional anesthesia by infiltration techniques such as percutaneous injection and intravenous regional anesthesia by peripheral nerve block techniques such as brachial plexus and intercostal and by central neural techniques such as lumbar and caudal epidural blocks.
For the management of major depressive disorder (MDD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, vasomotor symptoms in women with breast cancer and in postmenopausal women, and neuropathic pain.
For the treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) alone or in combination with behavioral treatment, as an adjunct to psychological, educational, social, and other remedial measures.
For palliative treatment in the management malignant neoplasm (trachea, bronchus, lung), squamous cell carcinoma, and lymphomas.
For the relief and treatment of severe pain.
Used in obstetric anesthesia and regional anesthesia for surgery. Ropivacaine is indicated for local anaesthesia including infiltration, nerve block, epidural and intrathecal anaesthesia in adults and children over 12 years. It is also indicated for peripheral nerve block and caudal epidural in children 1-12 years for surgical pain. It is also sometimes used for infiltration anaesthesia for surgical pain in children.
For the production of local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, for oral surgery procedures, for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and for obstetrical procedures.
For treatment of malignant neoplasm of lip, oral cavity, pharynx, digestive organs, peritoneum, female breast, and urinary bladder. Also used as an adjunct to ab externo glaucoma surgery.
For the short-term treatment of insomnia.
Used in the acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura and cluster headaches.
For treatment and management of pain (systemic). It is also used as an antidiarrheal and as a cough suppressant.
Dihydroergotamine is a 9,10alpha-dihydro derivative of ergotamine. It is used as a vasoconstrictor, specifically for the therapy of migraine disorders. Ergoline alkaloids occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918, L1932) For the acute treatment of migraine headaches with or without aura and the acute treatment of cluster headache episodes.
Used as an adjunct to levodopa/carbidopa therapy for the symptomatic treatment of Parkinson's Disease. This drug is generally reserved for patients with parkinsonian syndrome receiving levodopa/carbidopa who are experiencing symptom fluctuations and are not responding adequately to or are not candidates for other adjunctive therapies.
For the relief of moderate to severe pain such as that due to surgery, cancer, trauma/injury, or burns.
For moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis including acute flares of chronic disease, ankylosing spondylitis, osteoarthritis, acute painful shoulder (bursitis and/or tendinitis) and acute gouty arthritis.
For the acute and maintenance treatment of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, as well as acute treatment of manic or mixed episodes of bipolar 1 disorder. Intramuscular olanzapine is indicated for the rapid control of agitated patients.
Used for the symptomatic treatment of parkinsonism.
For the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial allergic rhinitis and the treatment of the uncomplicated skin manifestations of chronic idiopathic urticaria
For the treatment of allergic rhinitis, hay fever, and allergic skin disorders.
For the treatment of hypertension.
For the treatment of depression.
Used in the control of absence (petit mal) seizures that are refractory to treatment with other medications.
For use in the treatment of the following fungal infections: Candidemia and other forms of <i>Candida</i> infections (intra-abdominal abscess, and peritonitis), Aspergillus infections, and esophageal candidiasis. Also considered an alternative treatment for oropharyngeal canaidiasis.
For use in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
For the treatment of major depressive disorder.
Indicated for the treatment of parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal reactions caused by drugs.
For reducing the incidence and severity of cardiomyopathy associated with doxorubicin administration in women with metastatic breast cancer who have received a cumulative doxorubicin hydrochloride dose of 300 mg/m^2 and would benefit from continued doxorubicin therapy. Also approved for the treatment of extravasation from intravenous anthracyclines.
For the palliative treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
For the treatment of all forms of Parkinson's Disease, as well as control of extrapyramidal reactions induced by antipsychotic agents.
For the management of anxiety disorder or the short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety and for the treatment of panic disorder, with or without agoraphobia.
For the management of the manifestations of psychotic disorders such as schizophrenia
For the treatment of signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson's disease
For the Short-term treatment of intractable insomnia for patients habituated to barbiturates
For use as an integral part of a total treatment program which typically includes other remedial measures (psychological, educational, social) for a stabilizing effect in children with a behavioral syndrome characterized by the following group of developmentally inappropriate symptoms: moderate-to-severe distractibility, short attention span, hyperactivity, emotional lability, and impulsivity.
For the short-term treatment of insomnia.
For the treatment of malignant neoplasms of pancreas (metastatic islet cell carcinoma).
For the symptomatic management of psychotic disorders, short term management of nonpsychotic anxiety in patients with generalized anxiety disorder, and for the control of severe nausea and vomiting of various causes.
Used as an antihistaminic/anticholinergic and antiserotonergic agent. For treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis, vasomotor rhinitis, allergic conjunctivitis due to inhalant allergens and foods, mild uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema, amelioration of allergic reactions to blood or plasma, cold urticaria, dermatographism, and as therapy for anaphylactic reactions adjunctive to epinephrine.
For use as a component of adjuvant therapy in patients with evidence of axillary node tumor involvement following resection of primary breast cancer.
Used to control moderate to severe pain.
Used to treat allergies. A self-medication that is used alone or in combination with pseudoephedrine sulfate for the symptomatic relief of seasonal allergic rhinitis. Also used for the symptomatic relief of pruritus, erythema, and urticaria associated with chronic idiopathic urticaria in patients (not for children under 6 unless directed by a clincian).
For the relief of symptoms of depression and as temporary adjunctive therapy in reducing enuresis in children aged 6 years and older. May also be used to manage panic disorders, with or without agoraphobia, as a second line agent in ADHD, management of eating disorders, for short-term management of acute depressive episodes in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, and for symptomatic treatment of postherpetic neuralgia.
Metharbital is used for the treatment of epilepsy.
For the treatment of malaria and leg cramps. Used as an antipyretic (fever-reducing), antimalarial, analgesic (painkilling), and anti-inflammatory. It is also used as a flavor component of tonic water and bitter lemon.
For the treatment of anorexia associated with weight loss in patients with AIDS, and nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conventional antiemetic treatments
Labeled indication include: major depressive disorder (MDD), moderate to severe bulimia nervosa, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, and combination treatment with olanzapine for treatment-resistant or bipolar I depression. Unlabeled indications include: selective mutism, mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic patients, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), social anxiety disorder, chronic neuropathic pain, fibromyalgia, and Raynaud's phenomenon.
Methohexital is indicated for use as an intravenous anaesthetic. It has also been commonly used to induce deep sedation. It is only used in hospital or similar settings, under strict supervision.
For the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of symptoms of anxiety, withdrawal symptoms of acute alcoholism, and preoperative apprehension and anxiety.
For the acute and maintenance treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD), as well as acute management of generalized anxiety disorder. Also used for the management of neuropathic pain associated with diabetic peripheral neuropathy, and fibromyalgia. Has been used in the management of moderate to severe stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in women.
For the treatment of schizophrenia, control nausea and vomiting, For relief of restlessness and apprehension before surgery, adjunct in the treatment of tetanus, control the manifestations of the manic type of manic-depressive illness.
For the management of anxiety disorders or the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety, and also as an augmention of SSRI-treatment against depression.
Used as an adjunct to levodopa / carbidopa in the symptomatic treatment of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease who experience the signs and symptoms of end-of-dose "wearing-off".
For the treatment of diarrhoea, pulmonary oedema and for the relief of moderate to moderately severe pain.
For the treatment and the management of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, heartburn, and acid indigestion.
Used mainly in the management of psychoses. Also used to control nausea and vomiting.
The primary use of dextromethorphan is as a cough suppressant, for the temporary relief of cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation (as commonly accompanies the common cold), as well as those resulting from inhaled irritants. In addition, a combination of dextromethorphan and quinidine has been shown to alleviate symptoms of easy laughing and crying (pseudobulbar affect) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis.
For the treatment of depression, chronic pain, irritable bowel syndrome, sleep disorders, diabetic neuropathy, agitation and insomnia, and migraine prophylaxis.
For the relief of symptoms of depression in patients with neurotic or reactive depressive disorders as well as endogenous and psychotic depressions. May also be used to treat depression accompanied by anxiety or agitation.
For the treatment of myasthenia gravis.
For the treatment of hairy cell leukaemia refractory to alpha interferon.
For symptomatic relief of anxiety and tension associated with psychoneurosis and as an adjunct in organic disease states in which anxiety is manifested. Useful in the management of pruritus due to allergic conditions such as chronic urticaria.
For the treatment of high blood pressure and management of edema.
For the treatment of epilepsy and pain associated with true trigeminal neuralgia.
May be used as an adjunct in the treatment of hypertension, as an epidural infusion as an adjunct treatment in the management of severe cancer pain that is not relieved by opiate analgesics alone, for differential diagnosis of pheochromocytoma in hypertensive patients, prophylaxis of vascular migraine headaches, treatment of severe dysmenorrhea, management of vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause, rapid detoxification in the management of opiate withdrawal, treatment of alcohol withdrawal used in conjunction with benzodiazepines, management of nicotine dependence, topical use to reduce intraocular pressure in the treatment of open-angle and secondary glaucoma and hemorrhagic glaucoma associated with hypertension, and in the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
Mazindol is used in short-term (a few weeks) treatment of exogenous obesity in conjunction with a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction, exercise, and behavior modification in patients with a body mass index of 30 kg of body weight per height in meters squared (kg/m<sup>2</sup>) or in patients with a body mass index of 27 kg/m<sup>2</sup> in the presence of risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, or hyperlipidemia.
For treatment of primary systemic carnitine deficiency, a genetic impairment of normal biosynthesis or utilization of levocarnitine from dietary sources, or for the treatment of secondary carnitine deficiency resulting from an inborn error of metabolism such as glutaric aciduria II, methyl malonic aciduria, propionic acidemia, and medium chain fatty acylCoA dehydrogenase deficiency. Used therapeutically to stimulate gastric and pancreatic secretions and in the treatment of hyperlipoproteinemias. Parenteral levocarnitine is indicated for the prevention and treatment of carnitine deficiency in patients with end-stage renal disease.
For the treatment of petit mal epilepsy.
For use as the sole anesthetic agent for brief (15 minute) procedures, for induction of anesthesia prior to administration of other anesthetic agents, to supplement regional anesthesia, to provide hypnosis during balanced anesthesia with other agents for analgesia or muscle relaxation, for the control of convulsive states during or following inhalation anesthesia or local anesthesia, in neurosurgical patients with increased intracranial pressure, and for narcoanalysis and narcosynthesis in psychiatric disorders. Used commonly in the induction phase of general anesthesia. (Sodium-)thiopental is a depressant and is sometimes used during interrogations - not to cause pain (in fact, it may have just the opposite effect), but to weaken the resolve of the subject and make him or her more compliant to pressure. [Wikipedia]
For the symptomatic treatment of adult patients with nocturnal heartburn due to gastroesophageal reflux disease.
The most common indication for butorphanol is management of migraine using the intranasal spray formulation. It may also be used parenterally for management of moderate-to-severe pain, as a supplement for balanced general anesthesia, and management of pain during labor. Butorphanol is more effective in reducing pain in women than in men. In veterinary use, butorphanol ("Torbugesic") is widely used as a sedative and analgesic in dogs, cats and horses. [Wikipedia]
For the prevention of disseminated <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex (MAC) disease in patients with advanced HIV infection. Used in the treatment of tuberculosis. It has also found to be useful in the treatment of (Chlamydia) Chlamydophila pneumoniae (Cpn) Infection.[Wikipedia]
Used for the control of absence (petit mal) seizures that are refractory to treatment with other medications.
For management of manifestations of psychotic disorders.
For the treatment of type IV and V hyperlipidemia. It is indicated as ajunctive therapy.  It can be found in various foods, such as liver, chicken, beef, fish, cereal, peanuts and legumes. Niacin is also used as a pharmaceutical to reverse atherosclerosis. (A729)
For the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety. Also used as adjunctive therapy in the management of partial seizures and for the symptomatic relief of acute alcohol withdrawal.
Astemizole tablets are indicated for the relief of symptoms associated with seasonal allergic rhinitis and chronic idiopathic urticaria. (L1864). Astemizole was indicated for use in the relieving allergy symptoms, particularly rhinitis and conjunctivitis. It has been withdrawn from the market however due to concerns of arrhythmias.
Used to treat cutaneous, vaginal, mucosal and esophageal Candida infections. Nystatin is often used as prophylaxis in patients who are at risk for fungal infections, such as AIDS patients with a low CD4+ count and patients receiving chemotherapy.[Wikipedia]
For the relief of mild to moderate pain
For the treatment of osteosarcoma (after high dose methotrexate therapy). Used to diminish the toxicity and counteract the effects of impaired methotrexate elimination and of inadvertent overdosages of folic acid antagonists, and to treat megaloblastic anemias due to folic acid deficiency. Also used in combination with 5-fluorouracil to prolong survival in the palliative treatment of patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Used in cancer chemotherapy involving the drug methotrexate.
Used to treat mild to moderately severe pain. [Wikipedia]
Oral magnesium sulfate, or magnesium hydroxide, is commonly used as a saline laxative. Epsom salt is also available in a gel form for topical application in treating aches and pains. Magnesium sulfate can be used to treat eclampsia in pregnant women. It can also delay labor in the case of premature labor, to delay preterm birth.In agriculture and gardening, magnesium sulfate is used to correct magnesium deficiency in soil, since magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule. It can also be used as an anesthesic. A concentration of 1.8 to 3.0 mmol/L has been suggested for treatment of eclamptic convulsions.
For the treatment of depression.
For the maintenance of abstinence from alcohol in patients with alcohol dependence who are abstinent at treatment initiation
For treatment of central precocious puberty (true precocious puberty, GnRH-dependent precocious precocity, complete isosexual precocity) in children of both sexes and for the treatment of endometriosis.
For the treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura.
For the treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type. Has also been investigated in patients with mild cognitive impairment who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for Alzheimer's disease.
For the treatment of schizophrenia and generalized anxiety disorder.
Intravenous midazolam is indicated for procedural sedation (often in combination with an opioid, such as fentanyl), for pre-op sedation, for the induction of general anesthesia, and for sedation of ventilated patients in critical care units. Oral midazolam is indicated for the short term treatment of moderately severe insomnia in patients who did not adequately react to other hypnotics, and who have persistent trouble in falling asleep. [Wikipedia]
For short-term and intermittent use in patients with recurring insomnia and poor sleeping habits
For remission induction in acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (myelogenous, monocytic, erythroid) of adults and for remission induction in acute lymphocytic leukemia of children and adults.
For the management of increased muscle tone associated with spasticity
For the treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents.
Used as an adjunct to a medically supervised behaviour modification program in the maintenance of opiate cessation in individuals who were formerly physically dependent on opiates and who have successfully undergone detoxification. Also used for the management of alcohol dependence in conjunction with a behavioural modification program.
The main use of this medication is in operating suites and critical care where pain relief is required for a short period of time. It also offers properties of sedation and this makes it a good analgesic component of anaesthetic regimen during an operation. [Wikipedia]. Also used as an analgesic adjunct in anesthesia and as a primary anesthetic drug in procedures requiring assisted ventilation and in the relief of pain.
Flurbiprofen tablets are indicated for the acute or long-term symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteorarthritis and anklosing spondylitis. It may also be used to treat pain associated with dysmenorrhea and mild to moderate pain accompanied by inflammation (e.g. bursitis, tendonitis, soft tissue trauma). Topical ophthalmic formulations may be used pre-operatively to prevent intraoperative miosis.
For the acute, intermittent treatment of hypomobility, off episodes (end-of-dose wearing off and unpredictable on/off episodes) associated with advanced Parkinson's disease.
Labeled indications include: major depressive disorder (MDD), panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), social anxiety disorder (social phobia), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Unlabeled indications include: eating disorders, impulse control disorders, vasomotor symptoms of menopause, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in children, and mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic individuals. Brisdelle, which consists of paroxetine mesylate is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms (like hot flashes) associated with menopause.
It is used primarily to reduce the pain of intramuscular injection of penicillin, and it is also used in dentistry. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of depression and depression accompanied by anxiety, agitation or sleep disturbance
For the treatment of schizophrenia in adults and in adolescents, ages 13 to 17, and for the short-term treatment of manic or mixed episodes of bipolar I disorder in children and adolescents ages 10 to 17. May also be used to manage symptoms of inappropriate behavior due to aggression and/or psychosis in patients with severe dementia.
Used in the treatment of acid-reflux disorders (GERD), peptic ulcer disease, H. pylori eradication, and prevention of gastroinetestinal bleeds with NSAID use. Used in the treatment of dyspepsia, peptic ulcer disease (PUD), gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD/GERD) and Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.  [Wikipedia]
For the prevention and treatment of nausea, vomiting, or dizziness associated with motion sickness.
For the treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS, Lou Gehrig's Disease)
In the U.S, only for the treatment of narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea and shift work sleep disorder. In some countries, it is also approved for idiopathic hypersomnia. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of excessive salivation, colicky abdominal pain, bradycardia, sialorrhoea, diverticulitis, irritable bowel syndrome and motion sickness.
Primarily indicated for the treatment of clinical depression. It is generally used to remedy various types of mood and anxiety disorders, typically after a last resort only after conventional antidepressants have been tried without success. It also has some off-label uses, such as in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). [Wikipedia]
For induction and maintenance of general anesthesia.
For the control of tonic-clonic (grand mal) and complex partial (psychomotor) seizures.
For the the induction of remission in patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), French-American-British (FAB) classification M3 (including the M3 variant); For the topical treatment of acne vulgaris, flat warts and other skin conditions (psoriasis, ichthyosis congenita, icthyosis vulgaris, lamellar icthyosis, keratosis palmaris et plantaris, epidermolytic hyperkeratosis, senile comedones, senile keratosis, keratosis follicularis (Darier's disease), and basal cell carcinomas.); For palliative therapy to improve fine wrinkling, mottled hyperpigmentation, roughness associated with photodamage.
For the treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Used as an antihistamine. [Wikipedia]
For use as monotherapy or adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures in children ages 4-16 with epilepsy.
Propiomazine is largely used for its antihistamininc sleep inducing effects in treating insomnia.
For the treatment of major depressive disorder. Has also been used with some success in the management of bulimia nervosa.
Used primarily as an anti-inflammatory agent in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease as well as for rheumatoid arthritis.
Used to relieve anxiety, nervousness, and tension associated with anxiety disorders.
For the management of postoperative pain and the maintenance of general anesthesia.
Used as an ophthalmic anesthetic (as eye drops) to reduce pain and discomfort during procedures involving the eye. [Wikipedia]
For use as an adjunct in the therapy of all forms of parkinsonism and control of extrapyramidal disorders secondary to neuroleptic drug therapy.
For the treatment of cancer patients with severe pain that breaks through their regular narcotic therapy. Used as an inhalation anesthetic. (L1484)
Used to relieve the symptoms of arthritis, primary dysmenorrhea, fever; and as an analgesic, especially where there is an inflammatory component.
Its widespread use as an anesthetic induction agent has largely replaced that of sodium pentothal. It is also commonly used in veterinary medicine. (L1002). Used for induction and/or maintenance of anaesthesia and for management of refractory status epilepticus.
Used in the treatment of severe anxiety disorders, as a hypnotic in the short-term management of insomnia, as a sedative and premedicant, as an anticonvulsant, and in the management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Used as an anorectic in the treatment of obesity.
For the treatment of anxiety disorders, depressive symptoms secondary to anxiety and agitation.
For the medical termination of intrauterine pregnancy through 49 days' pregnancy. Also indicated to control hyperglycemia secondary to hypercortisolism in adult patients with endogenous Cushing's syndrome who have type 2 diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance and are not candidates for surgery or have had unsuccessful surgery.
Indicated for the treatment of epilepsy.
used extensively since the 1960s for the treatment of anxiety and insomnia and in the control of symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. [Wikipedia]
For the palliative treatment of mild to moderate dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
Nalbuphine is indicated for the relief of moderate to severe pain. It can also be used as a supplement to balanced anesthesia, for preoperative and postoperative analgesia, and for obstetrical analgesia during labor and delivery. [Wikipedia]
For use in the management of the manifestations of psychotic disorders and for the control of severe nausea and vomiting in adults.
For the management of moderate to severe pain or as a preoperative medication where an opioid analgesic is appropriate
For use in females, for palliation of androgenresponsive recurrent mammary cancer in women who are more than one year but less than five years postmenopausal.
Used to relieve pain, tenderness, swelling and stiffness caused by osteoarthritis (arthritis caused by a breakdown of the lining of the joints) and rheumatoid arthritis (arthritis caused by swelling of the lining of the joints). [L1869]
For the management of exogenous obesity as a short term adjunct (a few weeks) in a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction
For use in the treatment of schizophrenia and depression
Used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation; it is especially useful in kidney transplants. [Wikipedia]
Used for the symptomatic relief of hypersensitivity reactions and particularly for the control of pruritic skin disorders
For the prevention of nausea and vomiting associated with emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, postoperation, and radiation. Also used for the treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
For the treatment of partial seizures
Cocaine (KOE-kane) is a local anesthetic. It is applied to certain areas of the body (for example, the nose, mouth, or throat) to cause loss of feeling. This allows some kinds of examinations or surgery to be done without causing pain. (L1505)
For use as adjunctive treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy.
For treatment and management of pain (systemic) and for use as an anesthesia adjunct.
Almotriptan is indicated for the acute treatment of migraine with or without aura in adults. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of moderate to severe pain, peri-operative analgesia, and opioid dependence.
Used in the treatment of schizophrenia, organic brain disorders, alcoholism and psychoneuroses.
For treatment of depression, including the depressed phase of bipolar depression, psychotic depression, and involutional melancholia, and may also be helpful in treating certain patients suffering severe depressive neurosis.
Used as an antidepressant. [Wikipedia]. Used in the management of exogenous obesity as a short-term adjunct (a few weeks) in a regimen of weight reduction based on caloric restriction.
For use in the temporary relief of various forms of pain, inflammation associated with various conditions (including rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, osteoarthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis), and is also used to reduce the risk of death and/or nonfatal myocardial infarction in patients with a previous infarction or unstable angina pectoris.
For use only in those patients who respond inadequately to alternative treatments and whose epilepsy is so severe that a substantial risk of aplastic anemia and/or liver failure is deemed acceptable in light of the benefits conferred by its use.
An antihistamine drug used in the treatment of hayfever and similar allergy symptoms.
For the acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura in adults.
Rizatriptan is used to treat acute migraine attacks. It does not prevent future migraine attacks. [Wikipedia]
For relief of moderate to moderately severe pain. Also used for the symptomatic relief of nonproductive cough, alone or in combination with other antitussives or expectorants.
For production of local or regional analgesia and anesthesia by local infiltration, peripheral nerve block techniques, and central neural techniques including epidural and caudal blocks.
Topical uses include treatment for superficial eye infections caused by susceptible bacteria (used in combination with other antiinfectives), treatment of otitis externa caused by susceptible bacteria, treatment or prevention of bacterial infections in skin lesions, and use as a continuous short-term irrigant or rinse to prevent bacteriuria and gram negative rod bacteremia in abacteriuric patients with indwelling catheters. May be used orally to treat hepatic encephalopathy, as a perioperative prophylactic agent, and as an adjunct to fluid and electrolyte replacement in the treatment of diarrhea caused to enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC).
It was originally developed for the treatment of epilepsy, and currently, gabapentin is widely used to relieve pain, especially neuropathic pain. [wikipedia]. For the management of postherpetic neuralgia in adults and as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in patients over 12 years of age with epilepsy.
Doxorubicin is used to produce regression in disseminated neoplastic conditions like acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloblastic leukemia, Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, soft tissue and bone sarcomas, breast carcinoma, ovarian carcinoma, transitional cell bladder carcinoma, thyroid carcinoma, gastric carcinoma, Hodgkin's disease, malignant lymphoma and bronchogenic carcinoma in which the small cell histologic type is the most responsive compared to other cell types. Doxorubicin is also indicated for use as a component of adjuvant therapy in women with evidence of axillary lymph node involvement following resection of primary breast cancer.
For the acute treatment of migraine attacks with or without aura in adults.
For the production of local or regional anesthesia for surgery and obstetrics, and for post-operative pain management
For the local treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis (moniliasis).
Used in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of acute postoperative and postpartum nonobstructive (functional) urinary retention and for neurogenic atony of the urinary bladder with retention.
For the treatment of haemorrhagic conditions in infants, antidote for coumarin anticoagulants in hypoprothrombinaemia.
For the prophylaxis of organ rejection in patients receiving allogeneic renal transplants, administered in combination with cyclosporine and corticosteroids.
Ketoconazole is an antifungal agent. It is sold commercially as an anti-dandruff shampoo, topical cream, and oral tablet, under the trademark name Nizoral by Johnson & Johnson. (L1908). It is used for the treatment of the following systemic fungal infections: candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, oral thrush, candiduria, blastomycosis, coccidioidomycosis, histoplasmosis, chromomycosis, and paracoccidioidomycosis.
For use in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
Used for the short-term treatment of insomnia, however, it generally has been replaced by other sedative-hypnotic agents.
For use as a biochemical tool, Cerulenin is shown to cause dramatic weight loss in animals
Monotherapy for initial treatment of Parkinson's disease, as well as an adjunct therapy in patients with a decreased response to levodopa/carbadopa. Also used for the palliative treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and at higher doses, for the treatment of depression.
Used in the treatment of acute or chronic schizophrenic reactions in hospitalized patients.
For the treatment of moderate to severe dementia of the Alzheimer's type.
For the treatment of bronchitis, sinusitis, community-acquired pneumonia, and skin infections (abscesses, wounds) caused by S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S. aureus, M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila, S. pyogenes
For the treatment of Tuberculosis and Tuberculosis-related mycobacterial infections.
For symptomatic treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. May be used to treat mild to moderate pain and for the management of dysmenorrhea. May be used to reduce fever. Has been used with some success for treating ankylosing spondylitis, gout and psoriatic arthritis. May reduce pain, fever and inflammation of pericarditis. May be used IV with opiates to relieve moderate to severe pain. Ibuprofen lysine may be used IV to treat patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in premature neonates.
Used orally for jet lag, insomnia, shift-work disorder, circadian rhythm disorders in the blind (evidence for efficacy), and benzodiazepine and nicotine withdrawal. Evidence indicates that melatonin is likely effective for treating circadian rhythm sleep disorders in blind children and adults. It has received FDA orphan drug status as an oral medication for this use. A number of studies have shown that melatonin may be effective for treating sleep-wake cycle disturbances in children and adolescents with mental retardation, autism, and other central nervous system disorders. It appears to decrease the time to fall asleep in children with developmental disabilities, such as cerebral palsy, autism, and mental retardation. It may also improve secondary insomnia associated with various sleep-wake cycle disturbances. Other possible uses for which there is some evidence for include: benzodiazepine withdrawal, cluster headache, delayed sleep phase syndrome (DSPS), primary insomnia, jet lag, nicotine withdrawal, preoperative anxiety and sedation, prostate cancer, solid tumors (when combined with IL-2 therapy in certain cancers), sunburn prevention (topical use), tardive dyskinesia, thrombocytopenia associated with cancer, chemotherapy and other disorders.
Clonazepam is used as an anticonvulsant in the treatment of the Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (petit mal variant), akinetic and myoclonic seizures. It can also be used for the treatment of panic disorders.
Used for the prevention and treatment of rickets or osteomalacia, and to manage hypocalcemia associated with hypoparathyroidism or pseudohypoparathyroidism. Also used for the treatment of vitamin D dependent rickets, rickets or osteomalacia secondary to long-term high dose anticonvulsant therapy, early renal osteodystrophy, osteoporosis (in conjunction with calcium), and hypophosphatemia associated with Fanconi syndrome (with treatment of acidosis).
For the management of severe angina pectoris.
For the treatment of symptoms associated with Vertigo/Meniere's disease, nausea and vomiting, motion sickness and insect bite.
For use as an adjunct in treatment resistant epilepsy, refractory complex partial seizures, and secondary generalized seizures. It is also used as monotherapy in infantile spasms in West syndrome.
For as adjunctive therapy in the management of diarrhea
For the treatment of radiation-induced dry mouth (xerostomia) and symptoms of dry mouth in patients with Sj&ouml;grens syndrome.
Local anesthetic commonly used as a topical pain reliever. Benzocaine is used as a key ingredient in numerous pharmecuticals:
Phenazone, an anti-inflammatory; some glycerol-based ear medications for use in removing excess wax as well as relieving ear conditions such as Otitis Media and swimmers ear; some previous diet products such as Ayds; some condoms designed to prevent premature ejaculation. Benzocaine acts to desensitize the penis, and theoretically allows an erection to be maintained. [Wikipedia]
DMSO is an important polar aprotic solvent. In cryobiology DMSO has been used as a cryoprotectant and is still an important constituent of cryoprotectant vitrification mixtures used to preserve organs, tissues, and cell suspensions.[Wikipedia]
For the treatment (in combination with amphotericin B) of serious infections caused by susceptible strains of Candida (septicemia, endocarditis and urinary system infections) and/or Cryptococcus (meningitis and pulmonary infections).
Used for the suppression of motor and phonic tics in patients with Tourette's Disorder who have failed to respond satisfactorily to standard treatment.
For the management of major depressive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder with or without agoraphobia, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, social phobia, premature ejaculation, and vascular headaches.
For the treatment of obesity.
For the treatment of insomnia.
For topical application in the treatment of tinea pedis (athlete&rsquo;s foot), tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>, <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>, and <i>Epidermophyton floccosum</i>, in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis (moniliasis), and in the treatment of tinea versicolor.
Used used in the prevention of the symptoms of allergic conditions such as rhinitis, urticaria, allergy, common cold, asthma and hay fever.
Used to control certain seizures in the treatment of epilepsy.
Ambenonium is used to treat muscle weakness due to muscle disease (myasthenia gravis).
For topical application in the treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>, <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>, <i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i>, <i>Microsporum canis</i>, <i>Microsporum audouini</i>, <i>Microsporum gypseum</i>, and <i>Epidermophyton floccosum</i>, in the treatment of cutaneous candidiasis, and in the treatment of tinea versicolor.
Doxepin is used for the treatment of depression, insomina, alcohol and drug withdrawal, gastrointestinal ulceration and other GI-problems. It can also be used for chronic urticaria and in the management of pain.
Nefazodone (sold as Serzone, Nefadar) is a psychoactive drug and antidepressant. [wikipedia]
For relief of symptoms in various depressive syndromes, especially endogenous depression. It has also been used to manage chronic peripheral neuropathic pain, as a second line agent for the management of anxiety disorders (e.g. panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder), and as a second or third line agent in the ADHD management.
For the topical treatment of interdigital tinea pedis in immunocompetent patients 12 years of age and older, caused by <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>, <i>Trichophyton mentagrophytes</i>, and <i>Epidermophyton floccosum</i>.
For the treatment of depression and as aid to smoking cessation.
For use, with concurrent leucovorin administration (leucovorin protection), as an alternative therapy for the treatment of moderate-to-severe <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i> pneumonia (PCP) in immunocompromised patients, including patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Also used to treat several types of cancer including colon cancer.
For the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia
For the production of local anesthesia by infiltration and peripheral nerve block. They are not to be used for lumbar or caudal epidural anesthesia.
For the treatment of depression.
Indicated for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
For the treatment of all types of seizures except absence seizures.
Labeled indications include major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Unlabeled indications include treatment of mild dementia-associated agitation in nonpsychotic patients.
Used in the management of anxiety and in the treatment of muscle spasm.
In males, used as replacement therapy in conditions associated with symptoms of deficiency or absence of endogenous testosterone. In females, for palliation of androgenresponsive recurrent mammary cancer in women who are more than one year but less than five years postmenopausal.
Indicated as adjunctive treatment to levodopa/carbidopa in the management of the signs and symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It was withdrawn from the US and Canadian markets in 2007 due to an increased risk of cardiac valvulopathy.

Pergolide is an ergoline-based, long-acting dopamine agonist which is effective in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and hyperprolactinemia. It has also been observed to have antihypertensive effects. Ergoline alkaloids occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918, L1929)
Used as a topical treatment in immunocompetent patients with mild to moderate onychomycosis of fingernails and toenails without lunula involvement, due to <i>Trichophyton rubrum</i>.
Used for maintenance of general anesthesia. Due to this airway irritability, Desflurane is infrequently used to induce anesthesia via inhalation techniques. [Wikipedia]
A serotoninergic anorectic drug once used for the purposes of weight loss, but pulled out from the global market following multiple concerns about the cardiovascular side-effects of the drug. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of moderate-to-severe pain.
For the short-term treatment of insomnia.
For the treatment of galactorrhea due to hyperprolactinemia, prolactin-dependent menstrual disorders and infertility, prolactin-secreting adenomas, prolactin-dependent male hypogonadism, as adjunct therapy to surgery or radiotherapy for acromegaly or as monotherapy is special cases, as monotherapy in early Parksinsonian Syndrome or as an adjunct with levodopa in advanced cases with motor complications. Bromocriptine has also been used off-label to treat restless legs syndrome and neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

Bromocriptine is a semisynthetic ergotamine alkaloid that is a dopamine D2 agonist. It suppresses prolactin secretion and is used in the treatment of pituitary tumors, Parkinson's disease (PD),Hyperprolactinaemia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Ergoline alkaloids occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918, L1934)
For the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Used as adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial onset seizures in adults and children 4 years of age and older with epilepsy.
For the treatment of secondary (chronic) progressive, progressive relapsing, or worsening relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Mitoxantrone is an Anthracenedione (not an anthracycline) antineoplastic agent.
Used as an adjunctive therapy to induce thrombolysis in patients suffering acute myocardial infarction.
For the short-term management of insomnia characterized by difficulty in falling asleep, frequent nocturnal awakenings, and/or early morning awakenings.
Ketamine is primarily used for the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia, usually in combination with some sedative drug. Other uses include sedation in intensive care, analgesia (particularly in emergency medicine), and treatment of bronchospasm. It is also a popular anesthetic in veterinary medicine. [Wikipedia] For use as the sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation.
For the treatment and management of opiate dependence. It is sometimes used to treat severe pain in terminal patients.
For the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (Paralysis Agitans), postencephalitic parkinsonism, symptomatic parkinsonism which may follow injury to the nervous system by carbon monoxide intoxication, and manganese intoxication.
Used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in adult and pediatric patients for inpatient and outpatient surgery.
For management of symptoms related to hay fever and other types of allergy and used to help bring up phlegm, thin secretions, and make a cough productive.
For treatment of psychotic disorders (e.g. schizophrenia) and of acute mania occuring as part of bipolar disorders.
May be used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder and disorders with an obsessive-compulsive component (e.g. depression, schizophrenia, Tourette's disorder).
Unlabeled indications include: depression, panic disorder, chronic pain (e.g. central pain, idiopathic pain disorder, tension headache, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, neuropathic pain), cataplexy and associated narcolepsy (limited evidence), autistic disorder (limited evidence), trichotillomania (limited evidence), onchophagia (limited evidence), stuttering (limited evidence), premature ejaculation, and premenstrual syndrome.
May be used to treat major depressive disorder.
For prophylaxis of invasive <em>Aspergillus</em> and <em>Candida</em> infections in patients, 13 years of age and older, who are at high risk of developing these infections due to being severely immunocompromised as a result of procedures such as hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), or due to hematologic malignancies with prolonged neutropenia from chemotherapy. Also for the treatment of oropharyngeal candidiasis, including oropharyngeal candidiasis refractory to itraconazole and/or fluconazole. Posaconazole is used as an alternative treatment for invasive aspergillosis, <em>Fusarium</em> infections, and zygomycosis in patients who are intolerant of, or whose disease is refractory to, other antifungals.
For the control of generalized convulsive status epilepticus and prevention and treatment of seizures occurring during neurosurgery. It can also be substituted, short-term, for oral phenytoin.
For the treatment of insomnia.
For the induction of anesthesia prior to the use of other general anesthetic agents and for induction of anesthesia for short surgical, diagnostic, or therapeutic procedures associated with minimal painful stimuli.
Ephedrine commonly used as a stimulant, appetite suppressant, concentration aid, decongestant, and to treat hypotension associated with anaesthesia.
For the treatment of psychosis, particular those of schizophrenia, and manic phases of bipolar disorder.
As a potentiator of anesthetics: In general anesthesia where it can be used as both a pre- and post-operative sedative and analgesic. (L1857)
As an anti-emetic: For the treatment of nausea and vomiting of central origin.(L1857)
As a sedative: For the management of insomnia. (L1857)
For the the treatment of depressive fatigue in convalescence and other debilitated states as well as in the treatment of depressive day-time fatigue, lack of concentration and lethargy.
For short-term treatment of severe insomnias, that are not responsive to other hypnotics. Not approved by the FDA in the U.S. In the U.K. it is used (and available only by private prescription) in some hospitals to sedate patients undergoing colonoscopy. In Norway, flunitrazepam is available as a prescription drug to treat insomnia under the brand name Flunipam 1 mg. [Wikipedia]
For the short-term treatment of insomnia, short-term treatment of anxiety or panic attacks, if a benzodiazepine is required, and the alleviation of the symptoms of alcohol- and opiate-withdrawal.
For the treatment of anxiety disorders. Used as an anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant.
Used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Used as a psychostimulant drug. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity (ADHD) and exogenous obesity.
For the treatment of anxiety disorders.
Quazepam is indicated for the treatment of insomnia including sleep induction and sleep maintenance. [Wikipedia]
For the management of anxiety disorders or for the short-term relief of the symptoms of anxiety or anxiety associated with depressive symptoms.
Used to treat short-term sleeping problems (insomnia), such as difficulty falling asleep, frequent awakenings during the night, and early-morning awakening.
Used to treat sneezing, runny nose, itching, watery eyes, hives, rashes, itching, and other symptoms of allergies and the common cold.
For the treatment of moderate plaque psoriasis in adults.
Used in hormone replacement therapy, treating symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes. Also used to treat breast and prostate cancer.
Used in the treatment of dry cough.
For the symptomatic treatment of itchy eyes (caused by IgE-induced mast cell degranulation) due to allergic conjunctivitis. Used in the treatment of allergic rhinitis and uriticaria/puritus. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with cirrhotic liver disease and has also shown efficacy in the treatment of patients with AIDS-related diarrhea.
Indicated as an adjunct for the prevention and treatment of wound sepsis in patients with second- and third-degree burns.
For the control of absence (petit mal) seizures that are refractory to other drugs.
Anisatin is a plant toxin found in the Japanese star anise (Illicium anisatum). The Japanese star anise has been burned as incense in Japan, where it is known as shikimi, as well as used in topical folk remedies. (L1226)
Brucine is a plant toxin found in several species, most notably the Strychnine tree (Strychnos nux-vomica L.). Medically, brucine is primarily used in the regulation of high blood pressure and other comparatively benign cardiac ailments. (L1227)
Cicutoxin is a plant toxin found in several species, most notably water hemlock (Cicuta species). (L1232)
Delphinine is a plant toxin found in species of Larkspur (Delphinium family). It is highly poisonous, but in very small doses it has some uses in herbal medicine. (L1234)
Aconitine is a plant toxin found in species of wolfsbane (Aconitum genus). It is a neurotoxin previously used as an antipyretic and analgesic, and still has some limited application in herbal medicine. (L1235)
Djenkolic acid is a plant toxin found in the beans of the South-East Asian legumes jengkol (Archidendron jiringa). (L1236)
Gossypol is a plant toxin found in the cotton plant (genus Gossypium, family Malvaceae). Among other things, it has been tested as a male oral contraceptive in China. In addition to its contraceptive properties, gossypol has also long been known to possess anti-malarial properties. (L1239)
Methylamino-L-alanine, beta- is a plant toxin found in the seeds of the cycad (division Cycadophyta). (L1241)
Oenanthotoxin is a plant toxin found in hemlock water dropwort (Oenanthe crocata) and other plants of the genus Oenanthe. (L1243)
Resiniferatoxin (RTX) is a plant toxin and ultrapotent capsaicin analog that occurs in various species of plants, such as resin spurge (Euphorbia resinifera). (L1244) Investigated for use/treatment in interstitial cystitis and urinary incontinence.
Capsaicin is the active component of chili peppers (genus Capsicum). It is a powerful irritant that is commonly used in food products to give them added spice. Capsaicin is also used in topical ointments to relieve the pain of peripheral neuropathy and can be found in pepper spray. (L1246)
Strychnine is a plant toxin most commonly found in the seeds of the Strychnine tree (Strychnos nux-vomica L.). It is used as a pesticide, particularly for killing small vertebrates such as birds and rodents. (L1230)
Swainsonine is a plant toxin found in locoweed (families Fabaceae, Oxytropis, Astragalus and Swainsona) and some fungi (Metarhizium anisopliae, Rizoctonia leguminicola). (L1248, A3092)
Tutin is a plant toxin found in the tutu plant (genus Coriaria). (L1250)
Grayanotoxins are toxins found in rhododendrons and other plants of the family Ericaceae. (L1251)
Grayanotoxins are toxins found in rhododendrons and other plants of the family Ericaceae. (L1251)
Grayanotoxins are toxins found in rhododendrons and other plants of the family Ericaceae. (L1251)
Oleandrin is a plant toxin found in Oleander (Nerium oleander). (L1253)
Hyoscyamine is a plant toxin found in certain plants of the Solanaceae family, including henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), mandrake (Mandragora officinarum), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), and deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna). It is used as a drug to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. It has also been used to relieve some heart problems, control some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as well as for control of respiratory secretions in palliative care.(L1255)
Hyoscyamine is a plant toxin found in certain plants of the Solanaceae family, including henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), mandrake (Mandragora officinarum), jimsonweed (Datura stramonium), and deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna). It is used as a drug to provide symptomatic relief to various gastrointestinal disorders including spasms, peptic ulcers, irritable bowel syndrome, pancreatitis, colic and cystitis. It has also been used to relieve some heart problems, control some of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease, as well as for control of respiratory secretions in palliative care.(L1255)
Tubocurarine is a type of curare, a plant toxin known for its use as paralyzing arrow poison by South American indigenous people. It can be extracted from a variety of plants, including Strychnos toxifera and Chondrodendron tomentosum. (L1256)
Alcuronium is a type of curare, a plant toxin known for its use as paralyzing arrow poison by South American indigenous people. It can be extracted from a variety of plants, including Strychnos toxifera and Chondrodendron tomentosum. (L1256)
Toxiferine is a type of curare, a plant toxin known for its use as paralyzing arrow poison by South American indigenous people. It can be extracted from a variety of plants, including Strychnos toxifera and Chondrodendron tomentosum. (L1256)
Brodifacoum is a highly lethal anticoagulant poison used as a pesticide. It is typically used as a rodenticide but is also used to control larger mammalian pests. (L1257)
Bromadiolone is a potent rodenticide. (L1258)
Fumarin is a rodenticide. (L1252)
Difenacoum is a rodenticide. (L1252)
Phenprocoumon is an anticoagulant drug. (L1260) Used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease including venous thrombosis, thromboembolism, and pulmonary embolism as well as for the prevention of ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF).
Acenocoumarol is an anticoagulant drug derived from coumarin. (L1261) For the treatment and prevention of thromboembolic diseases. More specifically, it is indicated for the for the prevention of cerebral embolism, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, thromboembolism in infarction and transient ischemic attacks. It is used for the treatment of deep vein thrombosis and myocardial infarction.
Phenindione is an anticoagulant drug derived from coumarin. (L1262) For the treatment of pulmonary embolism, cardiomyopathy, atrial fibrillation and flutter, cerebral embolism, mural thrombosis, and thrombophili. Also used for anticoagulant prophylaxis.
Anabasine is a plant toxin found in the Tree Tobacco plant (Nicotiana glauca). It is similar to nicotine and has been used as an insecticide. Anabasine is also present in small amounts in tobacco smoke. (L1265)
Myristicin is a plant toxin found in the essential oil of nutmeg and to a lesser extent in other spices such as parsley and dill. It is a naturally occurring insecticide and acaricide. (L1271)
Perfume chemicals and flavoring.  Myrcene is the major constituent of oil of bay and hop which are used in the manufacture of alcoholic beverages. Myrcene is also present in lemon grass (Cymbopogon citratus), a plant widely used in Brazilian folk medicine. Recently, it was shown that myrcene is a very potent analgesic substance and might be an alternative to the already available analgesic drugs (T39, A2447).
It is used in food industry as a food additive, a flour bleaching agent and improving agent. The principal use of Azodicarbonamide is in the production of foamed plastics (L1213).
It is used widely in perfumery and cosmetics for its aroma and in flavorings to impart apple and pear flavors (L1222).
Ethyl acrylate is used in the production of polymers including resins, plastics, rubber, and denture material (L1233).
Menthol has local anesthetic and counterirritant qualities, and it is widely used to relieve minor throat irritation. Menthol is also used to prepare menthyl esters to emphasize floral notes (especially rose) (L1263). Used to treat occasional minor irritation, pain, sore mouth, and sore throat as well as cough associated with a cold or inhaled irritants.
Used as flavoring and fragrance ingredient (L1609).
Allyl isovalerate has been used since the 1950s as a raw material for fragrances in
cosmetics, lotions and perfumes and in certain food products, although it is not known whether it is currently used in this way (L1276).
Carrier of aroma of butter, vinegar, coffee and other foods (A646).
Acetic acid gives vinegar its sour taste and pungent smell. It is an important chemical reagent and industrial chemical, used in the plastic, pharmaceutical, dye, insecticide, textile, rubber, and photographic industries. Water-free acetic acid (glacial acetic acid) is used in the production of certain fragrances. (L1885) Used to treat infections in the ear canal.
Butanes are components of gasoline and can also be used as refrigerants and propellants in aerosol sprays. Butane gas is sold bottled as a fuel for cooking and camping and is also found in cigarette lighters. Butane is a simple asphyxiant and commonly used substance of abuse that is responsible for a large number of "solvent related" deaths. (L1283, L1284)
Butanes are components of gasoline and can also be used as refrigerants and propellants in aerosol sprays. Butane gas is sold bottled as a fuel for cooking and camping and is also found in cigarette lighters. Butane is a simple asphyxiant and commonly used substance of abuse that is responsible for a large number of "solvent related" deaths. (L1283, L1284)
Pentanes are components of some fuels, such as gasoline, and are also used as specialty solvents in the laboratory. (L1287)
Pentanes are components of some fuels, such as gasoline, and are also used as specialty solvents in the laboratory. (L1287)
Pentanes are components of some fuels, such as gasoline, and are also used as specialty solvents in the laboratory. (L1287)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Heptanes may be found in gasoline and are widely used as solvents. They are also sold as fuel for outdoor stoves. (L1289)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Octanes may be found in gasoline. (L1296)
Pentenes are components of gasoline and are often produced as by-products of catalytic of thermal cracking of petroleum. (L1287)
Pentenes are components of gasoline and are often produced as by-products of catalytic of thermal cracking of petroleum. (L1287)
Pentenes are components of gasoline and are often produced as by-products of catalytic of thermal cracking of petroleum. (L1287)
Pentenes are components of gasoline and are often produced as by-products of catalytic of thermal cracking of petroleum. (L1287)
Pentenes are components of gasoline and are often produced as by-products of catalytic of thermal cracking of petroleum. (L1287)
3-Methyl-2-pentene is a component of gasoline.
2,4,4,-Trimethyl-1-pentene is a component of gasoline.
Cyclopentane is a component of gasoline and is used in the manufacture of synthetic resins and rubber adhesives, and also as a blowing agent in the manufacture of polyurethane insulating foam. (L1298)
Methylcyclopentane is a component of gasoline.
Cyclohexane is a component of gasoline and is used as a solvent in the chemical industry, and also as a raw material for the industrial production of adipic acid and caprolactam, both of which are intermediates used in the production of nylon. (L1299)
Isopropylbenzene is a component of gasoline. Nearly all the cumene that is produced as a pure compound on an industrial scale is converted to cumene hydroperoxide, which is an intermediate in the synthesis of other industrially important chemicals such as phenol and acetone. (L1300)
Polyvinyl acetate is a component of glue and is used mainly as an adhesive for porous materials, particularly  for wood, paper, and cloth. (L1301)
Vinyl acetate is used mainly for the production of other industrial chemicals, such as polyvinyl acetate, an important polymer for which it is the precursor. These chemicals are used mainly to make glues for the packaging and building industries. They are also used to make paints, textiles, and paper. Vinyl acetate is also used as a coating in plastic films for food packaging and as a modifier of food starch. (L1302, L1304)
Acetaldehyde occurs naturally in ripe fruit, coffee, and bread, and is produced by plants as part of their normal metabolism. It is popularly known as a chemical that causes hangovers, as it is produced from the breakdown of ethanol. In the chemical industry, acetaldehyde is used as an intermediate in the production of acetic acid, certain esters, and a number of other chemicals. it is also an air pollutant resulting from combustion, such as automotive exhaust and tobacco smoke. (L1307)
1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) is a neurotoxin that causes permanent symptoms of Parkinson's disease by killing certain neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain. MPTP can be accidentally produced during the illicit manufacture of MPPP, and that is how its Parkinson-inducing effects were first discovered. MPTP is used to recreate and study the Parkinson's disease in experimental animal models.
For the treatment of parenchymal neurocysticercosis due to active lesions caused by larval forms of the pork tapeworm, <i>Taenia solium</i> and for the treatment of cystic hydatid disease of the liver, lung, and peritoneum, caused by the larval form of the dog tapeworm, <i>Echinococcus granulosus</i>.
For the treatment of hyperuricemia associated with primary or secondary gout. Also indicated for the treatment of primary or secondary uric acid nephropathy, with or without the symptoms of gout, as well as chemotherapy-induced hyperuricemia and recurrent renal calculi.
For the management of hypertention and long-term management of patients with angina pectoris
For the treatment of symptomatic Paget's disease of bone and in the prevention and treatment of heterotopic ossification following total hip replacement or due to spinal cord injury.
The ophthalmic solution is indicated for patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension to lower intraocular pressure. The topical gel is indicated for the treatment of persistent (nontransient) facial erythema of rosacea in adults 18 years or older.
For the relief of discomfort associated with acute, painful, musculoskeletal conditions.
Used to treat acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB), acute bacterial otitis media, pharyngitis, and tonsilitis. It is also indicated for pneumonia, infections of the urinary tract, enteritis and gastroenteritis. [Wikipedia]
For the treatment of the following infections caused by susceptible organisms: urinary tract infections, acute uncomplicated cystitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis, lower respiratory tract infections, acute sinusitis, skin and skin structure infections, bone and joint infections, complicated intra-abdominal infections (used in combination with metronidazole), infectious diarrhea, typhoid fever (enteric fever), uncomplicated cervical and urethral gonorrhea, and inhalational anthrax (post-exposure).
Used to treat infections with anaerobic bacteria but can also be used to treat some protozoal diseases, such as malaria. It is a common topical treatment for acne and can be useful against some methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections. [Wikipedia] For the treatment of serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria, including Bacteroides spp., Peptostreptococcus, anaerobic streptococci, Clostridium spp., and microaerophilic streptococci. May be useful in polymicrobic infections such as intra-abdominal or pelvic infections, osteomyelitis, diabetic foot ulcers, aspiration pneumonia and dental infections. May also be used to treat MSSA and respiratory infections caused by S. pneumoniae and S. pyogenes in patients who are intolerant to other indicated antibiotics or who are infected with resistant organism. May be used vaginally to treat vaginosis caused by Gardnerella vaginosa. Clindamycin reduces the toxin producing effects of S. aureus and S. pyogenes and as such, may be particularly useful for treating necrotizing fasciitis. May be used topically to treat acne.
For treatment of transplant (kidney, liver, and heart) rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, severe psoriasis.
For the treatment of overactive bladder with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency and frequency.
For the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer after failure of prior chemotherapy. Also used as a single agent in the treatment of patients with locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer after failure of prior platinum-based chemotherapy. It is also used in combination with prednisone, in the treatment of patients with androgen independent (hormone refractory) metastatic prostate cancer. Furthermore, docetaxel has uses in the treatment of gastric adenocarinoma and head and neck cancer.
The general population is not likely to be exposed to large amounts of fenthion. Occupational exposure to fenthion occurs through dermal contact and inhalation of dust and sprays, especially to workers applying the compound as an insecticide. Because fenthion has been detected in American foods, exposure to the general population can occur through consumption of foods containing fenthion residues. (L1682)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
For the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer resistant to both paclitaxel and an anthracycline-containing chemotherapy regimen. May also be used in combination with docetaxel for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in patients who have failed to respond to, or recurred or relasped during or following anthracycline-containing chemotherapy. Capecitabine is used alone as an adjuvant therapy following the complete resection of primary tumor in patients with stage III colon cancer when monotherapy with fluroprymidine is preferred. The use or capecitabine in combination regimens for advanced gastric cancer is currently being investigated.
For the suppressive treatment and treatment of acute attacks of malaria due to <i>Plasmodium vivax</i>, <i>P. malariae</i>, <i>P. ovale</i>, and susceptible strains of <i>P. falciparum</i>. It is also indicated for the treatment of discoid and systemic lupus erythematosus, and rheumatoid arthritis.
Used as a component of various chemotherapeutic regimens as third-line therapy for recurrent or refractory germ cell testicular cancer. Also used as a component of various chemotherapeutic regimens for the treatment of cervical cancer, as well as in conjunction with surgery and/or radiation therapy in the treatment of various soft tissue sarcomas. Other indications include treatment of osteosarcoma, bladder cancer, ovarian cancer. small cell lung cancer, and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.
For the treatment of the following fungal infections in immunocompromised and non-immunocompromised patients: pulmonary and extrapulmonary blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, aspergillosis, and onychomycosis.
For the management of hypertension (alone or in combination with other classes of antihypertensive agents), as well as chronic stable angina pectoris and sympathetic overactivity syndrome associated with severe tetanus. Labetalol is used parenterally for immediate reduction in blood pressure in severe hypertension or in hypertensive crises when considered an emergency, for the control of blood pressure in patients with pheochromocytoma and pregnant women with preeclampsia, and to produce controlled hypotension during anesthesia to reduce bleeding resulting from surgical procedures.
Melamine has many industrial uses, including the production of laminates, glues, adhesives, moulding compounds, coatings and flame retardants. It is also used in some fertilizers and in the production of melamine resins, typically by reaction with formaldehyde. Melamine is a metabolite of the pesticide cyromazine in plants, goats, hens and rats. (L1775) (L1778)
Metaldehyde is used as a pesticide against slugs, snails, and other gastropods, it is also used in tablets as a solid fuel for small heaters, and as fire-starter. (L1782)
For use as an adjunct to diet and exercise in adult patients (18 years and older) with NIDDM. May also be used for the management of metabolic and reproductive abnormalities associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Jentadueto is for the treatment of patients when both linagliptin and metformin is appropriate.
In the work environment, human exposure to MEKP occurs by inhalation of, and dermal exposure to, aerosolized MEKP during the spraying procedure used in some manufacturing processes, or by dermal exposure to the liquid substance. (L1789)
Omeprazole is indicated for the treatment of duodenal ulcers, benign gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), heartburn and other symptoms associated with GERD, erosive esophagitis, and long-term treatment of pathological hypersecretory conditions like Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, multiple endocrine adenomas, and systemic mastocytosis.
For the treatment of pneumonia due to <i>Pneumocystis carinii</i>.
Used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract, meninges, and bloodstream caused by susceptible strains of <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>. It may also be used topically and subconjunctivally in the treatment of infections of the eye caused by susceptible strains of Ps. aeruginosa. (L1876)
Traditional medicine used by the Mazatec people of Oaxaca, Mexico (A646).
Sorafenib is indicated for the treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma and advanced renal cell carcinoma.
For the treatment of <i>Pneumococcal</i> infection, acute sinusitis, acute bacterial tonsillitis, acute bronchitis and bronchiolitis, lower respiratory tract infection and lobar (pneumococcal) pneumonia.
Terazosin is indicated for the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). There is a rapid response, with approximately 70% of patients experiencing an increase in urinary flow and improvement in symptoms of BPH when treated with terazosin. The long-term effects of terazosin on the incidence of surgery, acute urinary obstruction or other complications of BPH are yet to be determined.

Terazosin tablets are also indicated for the treatment of hypertension. Terazosin tablets can be used alone or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as diuretics or beta-adrenergic blocking agents.
For the acute treatment of the cutaneous manifestations of moderate to severe erythema nodosum leprosum (ENL). Also for use as maintenance therapy for prevention and suppression of the cutaneous manifestations of ENL recurrence. Used to treat multiple myeloma.
For the treatment or suppression of cold sores (herpes labialis), herpes zoster (shingles), genital herpes in immunocompetent individuals, and recurrent genital herpes in HIV-infected individuals.

Cold Sores (Herpes Labialis): VALTREX is indicated for treatment of cold sores (herpes labialis). The efficacy of VALTREX initiated after the development of clinical signs of a cold sore (e.g., papule, vesicle, or ulcer) has not been established.

Genital Herpes: Initial Episode: VALTREX is indicated for treatment of the initial episode of genital herpes in immunocompetent adults. The efficacy of treatment with VALTREX when initiated more than 72 hours after the onset of signs and symptoms has not been established.
Vancomycin is indicated for the treatment of serious or severe infections caused by susceptible strains of methicillin-resistant (beta-lactam-resistant) staphylococci.
Drug used for the treatment of hypertension, angina, and cluster headache prophylaxis.
Ammonium nitrite is used as a rodenticide, microbiocide and agricultural pesticide. (L1614)
Nitrous acid is used in chemical synthesis. (L1615)
Potassium nitrite is used as a food preservative and in the manufacturing of heat transfer salts. (L1616)
Sodium nitrite is used mainly as a color fixative and preservative in meats and fish. Sodium nitrite may also be used in organic synthesis, in dyeing and printing textile fabrics, in photography, as a laboratory reagent and a corrosion inhibitor, and in the manufacture of rubber chemicals. Sodium nitrite also has been used in human and veterinary medicine as a vasodilator, a bronchodilator, and an antidote for cyanide poisoning. (L1617)
It can be used as a propellant, low-order explosive, film base, laquer, wound dressing, and carrier of topical medications.
It is a high energy fuel used in some gas generator and solid rocket propellant applications.
The main industrial use of nitric acid is for the production of fertilizers. Nitric acid is neutralized with ammonia to give ammonium nitrate. The other main applications are for the production of explosives, nylon precursors, and specialty organic compounds.
Strontium nitrate is used as an oxidizer and colorant in fireworks.
For use in the treatment of hypertension (A308).
2-Nitrophenol is used mainly to make dyes, paint coloring, rubber chemicals, and substances that kill molds. (L1661)
Lysergic acid diethylamide, is one of the most widely known psychedelic drugs. It has been used mainly as an entheogen, a tool to supplement various practices for transcendence, including meditation, psychonautics, art projects, and (formerly legal) psychedelic therapy, and as a recreational drug. Formally, LSD is classified as a hallucinogen of the psychedelic type. (L1925)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Amatoxins are a subgroup of at least eight toxic compounds found in several genera of poisonous mushrooms, most notably Amanita phalloides and several other members of the genus Amanita, as well as some Conocybe, Galerina and Lepiota mushroom species. (L1774)
Iodine is used as a disinfectant for cleaning surfaces and storage containers and is used in skin soaps and bandages, and for purifying water. Iodine is also added to some table salt to ensure that all people in the United States have enough iodine in their diet. (L1844)
Citrinin is a mycotoxin originally isolated from Penicillium citrinum. It has since been found to be produced by a variety of other fungi which are used in the production of human foods such as grain, cheese, sake and red pigments. Citrinin is also produced by a variety of other fungi including Aspergillus niveus, Aspergillus ochraceus, Aspergillus oryzae, Aspergillus terreus, Monascus ruber, Monascus purpureus, and Penicillium camemberti. (L1958)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
As a reducing agent, 2-Aminophenol is marketed under the names of Atomal and Ortol and used to develop black and white photographs. 2-Aminophenol is also an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes and can thus be found in numerous cosmetics products, particularly hair dyes. (L1882)
4-Aminophenol is commonly used as a developer in black and white film, marketed under the name Rodinal. Aminophenols are also intermediates in the synthesis of dyes and can thus be found in numerous cosmetics products, particularly hair dyes. (L1882, L1883)
Aminophenols are also intermediates in the synthesis of dyes and can thus be found in numerous cosmetics products, particularly hair dyes. (L1882)
Fumonisin B1 is the most prevalent member of a family of toxins, known as fumonisins, produced by several species of Fusarium molds, such as Fusarium moniliforme, which occur mainly in maize, wheat and other cereals. Fumonisin B1 contamination of maize has been reported worldwide at mg/kg levels. Human exposure occurs at levels of micrograms to milligrams per day and is greatest in regions where maize products are the dietary staple. (L1937)
Gliotoxin is a sulfur-containing antibiotic produced by several species of fungi, some of which are pathogens of humans such as Aspergillus, and also by species of Trichoderma, and Penicillium. Gliotoxin possesses immunosuppressive properties. (L1941)
Human exposure occurs mainly through consumption of improperly stored food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes. (L1939)
Human exposure occurs mainly through consumption of improperly stored food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes. (L1939)
Human exposure occurs mainly through consumption of improperly stored food products, particularly contaminated grain and pork products, as well as coffee, wine grapes and dried grapes. (L1939)
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Microcystins are produced by the cyanobacterial cells.   When the algae dies, the cell walls burst, 
releasing the toxin into the water.
Ammonium laureth sulfate is a surfactant often found in shampoos. (L1888)
Ammonium lauryl sulfate (ALS) is an anionic surfactant found primarily in shampoos and body-wash as a foaming agent. (L1891)
Acyl sarcosines are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products. Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties. (A2881)
Acyl sarcosines are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products. Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties. (A2881)
Acyl sarcosines are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products. Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties. (A2881)
Acyl sarcosines are used as hair-conditioning agents and surfactant-cleansing agents in cosmetics, as well as to improve wetting and penetration of topical pharmaceutical products. Acyl sarcosines and their sodium salts are also used in the metal finishing and processing industries for their crystal modifying, anti-rust, and anti-corrosion properties. (A2881)
Imidazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in cosmetics. (L1894)
Diazolidinyl urea is an antimicrobial preservative used in many cosmetics, skin care products, shampoos and conditioners, as well as a wide range of products including bubble baths, baby wipes and household detergents. Diazolidinyl urea is found in the commercially available preservative Germaben. (L1895)
1,3-Dimethylol-5,5-dimethylhydantoin (DMDM hydantoin) is an antimicrobial formaldehyde releaser preservative with the trade name Glydant. It is used in the cosmetics industry and found in products like shampoos, hair conditioners and skin care products. (L1896)
Quaternium-15 is used as a preservative in many cosmetics and industrial substances. (L1897)
SLS is a highly effective surfactant used in any task requiring the removal of oily stains and residues. As such the compound is found in high concentrations in industrial products including engine degreasers, floor cleaners, and car wash soaps. In household products, SLS is used in lower concentrations with toothpastes, shampoos, and shaving foams. It is an important component in bubble bath formulations for its thickening effect and its ability to create a lather. SLS may irritate the skin and eyes. (L1898)
Sodium laureth sulfate is a detergent and surfactant found in many personal care products (soaps, shampoos, toothpaste etc.). (L1899)
Quaternium-22 is a quaternary ammonium salt found in numerous cosmetics. (L1890)
Quaternium-52 is a quaternary ammonium salt found in numerous cosmetics. (L1890)
Quaternium-10 is a quaternary ammonium salt found in numerous cosmetics. (L1890)
Diethyl phthalate is commonly used to make plastics more flexible. Products in which it is found include toothbrushes, automobile parts, tools, toys, and food packaging. Diethyl phthalate can be released fairly easily from these products, as it is not part of the chain of chemicals (polymers) that makes up the plastic. Diethyl phthalate is also used in cosmetics, insecticides, and aspirin. (L1900)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
DIBP is used in nitro cellulose plastic, nail polish, explosive material, lacquer manufacturing and also with methyl methacrylate applications. (A726)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Dimethyl phthalate is an ectoparasiticide and has many other uses, including in solid rocket propellants, plastics, and insect repellants. (L1906)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Phthalate esters are mainly used as plasticizers, primarily used to soften polyvinyl chloride. They are found in a number of products, including glues, building materials, personal care products, detergents and surfactants, packaging, children's toys, paints, pharmaceuticals, food products, and textiles. Phthalates are used in a variety of household applications such as shower curtains, vinyl upholstery, adhesives, floor tiles, food containers and wrappers, and cleaning materials. Personal care items containing phthalates include perfume, eye shadow, moisturizer, nail polish, liquid soap, and hair spray. (L1903)
Polyethylene terephthalate is used in synthetic fibers; beverage, food and other liquid containers; thermoforming applications; and engineering resins often in combination with glass fiber. (L1907)
Due to its excellent capability to penetrate skin, glycolic acid finds applications in skin care products, most often as a chemical peel. It may reduce wrinkles, acne scarring, hyperpigmentation and improve many other skin conditions, including actinic keratosis, hyperkeratosis, and seborrheic keratosis. Glycolic acid is also a useful intermediate for organic synthesis and finds employment in the textile industry as a dyeing and tanning agent, in food processing as a flavoring agent and as a preservative. Glycolic acid is often included into emulsion polymers, solvents and additives for ink and paint in order to improve flow properties and impart gloss. (L1909)
Patulin is a mycotoxin produced by a variety of molds, particularly Aspergillus and Penicillium. Although patulin can occur in many molding fruits, grains and other foods, the major source of patulin contamination is in apples with brown rot, and in apple cider or apple juice. Patulin is also an antibiotic. (L1942, L1943)
Roquefortine C is a tremorgenic mycotoxin produced primarily by Penicillium roquefortii, but also by other Penicillium species. Penicillium roquefortii is used in the production of Roquefort and similar types of blue cheese, and has also been found growing in corn silage and mixed grains.   Penicillium elaborated mycotoxins are well recognized as contaminants of many foods. These toxins, including mycophenolic acid (MPA), roquefortine (ROQ), penicillic acid (PA) and patulin (PAT) are reported to be toxic to several mammalian species. (A730, A3081)
The occurrence of sterigmatocystin in raw materials and foods has not been reported often. The instances reported have usually been on mouldy, or poor quality materials such as wheat, maize, animal feed, hard cheese, pecan nuts and green coffee beans. (L1946)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. T-2 Toxin is the only mycotoxin known to have been used as a biological weapon. (L1948, A735)
Zearalenone (ZEA), also known as RAL and F-2 mycotoxin, is a potent estrogenic metabolite produced by some Giberella species. Several Fusarium species also produce zearalenone as their primary toxin. It can be found worldwide in a number of cereal crops, such as maize, barley, oats, wheat, rice, and sorghum, and also in bread. (L1947)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
Cytochalasin B is isolated from a fungus, Helminthosporium dermatioideum, as well as hormiscium species and rhoma species. (A742)
Vomitoxin, also known as deoxynivalenol (DON), is a type B trichothecene, an epoxy-sesquiterpeneoid. Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys.  Vomitoxin occurs predominantly in grains such as wheat, barley, oats, rye, and maize, and less often in rice, sorghum, and triticale. The occurrence of deoxynivalenol is associated primarily with Fusarium graminearum (Gibberella zeae) and F. culmorum, both of which are important plant pathogens which cause Fusarium head blight in wheat and Gibberella ear rot in maize. (L1948, L1951)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Zeranol is a mycotoxin derived from fungi in the Fusarium family, and may be found as a contaminant in fungus-infected crops. (L1954)
Cytochalasin A was first isolated in the fungus Helminthosporium dermatioideum. (A2912)
Cytochalasin C was first isolated in the fungus Metarrhizium anisopliae. (A2912)
Cytochalasin D is has been isolated from the fungi Metarrhizium anisopliae and Zygosporium masonii. (A2912)
Cytochalasin E is has been isolated from the fungus Rosellinia necatrix and Aspergillus clavatus. (L1916, A2912)
Cytochalasin H is has been isolated from the fungus Phomopsis paspali. (L1916)
Cytochalasin J is has been isolated from the fungus Phomopsis paspali. (L1916)
Dihydrocytochalasin B is a semi-synthetic derivative of cytochalasin B and is a useful probe for studying cytochalasin binding sites. (L1916)
Dihydrocytochalasin B gamma-lactone is a semi-synthetic derivative of cytochalasin B and is a useful probe for studying cytochalasin binding sites. (L1916)
Ergoline alkaloids occur in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. Ergine is the dominant alkaloid in the hallucinogenic seeds of Rivea corymbosa, Argyreia nervosa (Hawaiian baby woodrose) and Ipomoea tricolor (morning glory), and may be  responsible for their psychedelic activity, though this has not been proven. (L1918, L1919)
Ergoline alkaloids occur in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. Ergometrine can also be synthesized from (+)-lysergic acid and L-(+)-2-aminopropanol. It has medical use in obstetrics to facilitate delivery of the placenta and to prevent bleeding after childbirth by causing smooth muscle tissue in the blood vessel walls to narrow, thereby reducing blood flow. For this is usually combined with oxytocin (Syntocinon) as syntometrine. (L1918, L1922)
Methylergometrine is a synthetic analogue of ergonovine, an alkaloid of the ergoline family that occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi like other ergoline alkaloids. Methylergometrine is a blood vessel constrictor and smooth muscle agonist most commonly used to prevent or control excessive bleeding following childbirth and spontaneous or elective abortion. It also causes uterine contractions to aid in expulsion of retained products of conception after a missed abortion (miscarriage in which all or part of the fetus remains in the uterus) and to help deliver the placenta after childbirth. The drug is currently prepared via reaction of (+)-lysergic acid with L-(+)-aminobutanol, using different coupling reagents, and is available under the name Methergine as tablets or injection (IM or IV) or in liquid form to be taken orally. (L1918, L1923)
Lysergic acid hydroxyethylamide (LSH) is an alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918)
Ergocristine is an alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. Ergocristine is one of 3 similar peptides referred to as ergotoxine alkaloids, the other two being ergocryptine and ergocornine. Ergotoxines prepared into their hihydroergotoxine mesylates, commonly known as ergoloid mesylates, are used in the symptomatic therapy of age-related dementia. (L1918, A2915)
Ergocornine is an alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. Ergocornine is one of 3 similar peptides referred to as ergotoxine alkaloids, the other two being ergocryptine and ergocristine. Ergotoxines prepared into their hihydroergotoxine mesylates, commonly known as ergoloid mesylates, are used in the symptomatic therapy of age-related dementia. (L1918, A2915)
Ergocryptine is an alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. Ergocryptine is one of 3 similar peptides referred to as ergotoxine alkaloids, the other two being ergocristine and ergocornine. Ergotoxines prepared into their hihydroergotoxine mesylates, commonly known as ergoloid mesylates, are used in the symptomatic therapy of age-related dementia. (L1918, A2915)
Ergovaline is an ergopeptine and alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918)
Agroclavine is a naturally occuring alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918)
Xanthomegnin is a mutagenic mycotoxin isolated from Penicillium citreo-viride.
Agroclavine is a naturally occuring alkaloid of the ergoline family. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918)
Lysergol, is an alkaloid of the ergoline family that occurs as a minor constituent in some species of fungi (most within Claviceps), and in the morning glory family of plants (Convolvulaceae), including the hallucinogenic seeds of Rivea corymbosa (ololiuhqui), Argyreia nervosa (Hawaiian baby woodrose) and Ipomoea violacea. Lysergol can be utilized as an intermediate in the manufacture of some ergoloid medicines. (L1928)
Costaclavine is a naturally occuring alkaloid of the ergoline family. As it is derived from dimethylergoline, it is referred to as a clavine. Like other ergoline alkaloids, it occurs in various species of vines of the Convolvulaceae (morning glory) family and in some species of lower fungi. (L1918)
Fumonisin B2 is a fumonisin  mycotoxin  produced by the fungi Fusarium  verticillioides and Fusarium moniliforme. Fumonisin B2 and other fumonisins frequently contaminate maize and other crops. (L1938)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
Trichothecenes are a very large family of chemically related mycotoxins produced by various species of Fusarium, Myrothecium, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Cephalosporium, Verticimonosporium, and Stachybotrys. They are produced on many different grains like wheat, oats or maize by various Fusarium species such as F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides, F. poae and F. equiseti. Some molds that produce trichothecene mycotoxins, such as Stachybotrys chartarum, can grow in damp indoor environments and may contribute to health problems among building occupants. (L1948)
3-Nitropropionic acid is a neurotoxin produced by certain plants and fungi, such as those of the genus Astragalus, Coronilla, Lotus, Hippocrepis, Scorpiurus, and Securigera. It produces symptoms similar to that of Huntington disease and this thus often used to produced animal models for the study of the disease. (A2967, A2968, A2970)
The native habitat of Aspergillus is in soil, decaying vegetation, hay, and grains undergoing microbiological deterioration and it invades all types of organic substrates whenever conditions are favorable for its growth. Crops which are frequently affected include cereals (maize, sorghum, pearl millet, rice, wheat), oilseeds (peanut, soybean, sunflower, cotton), spices (chile peppers, black pepper, coriander, turmeric, ginger), and tree nuts (almond, pistachio, walnut, coconut, brazil nut). The toxin can also be found in the milk of animals which are fed contaminated feed. Thus, aflatoxins are usually encountered in thecontext of chronic exposure, via food intake or secondary to the handling of foodstuffs. (L1956)
Aflatrem is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in the fungus Aspergillus flavus. (A2974)
Alternariol is an altertoxin, which is a toxic metabolite of Alternaria  fungi. It is an important contaminant in cereals, vegetables, and fruits, as well as in the ground, on wood or walls. (L1957, A2977)
Alternariol methyl ether is an altertoxin, which is a mycotoxin of Alternaria fungi. Altertoxins are important contaminants in cereals, vegetables, and fruits, as well as in the ground, on wood or walls. (A2977, A2979)
Altertoxin-1 is an altertoxin, which is a mycotoxin of Alternaria fungi. Altertoxins are important contaminants in cereals, vegetables, and fruits, as well as in the ground, on wood or walls. (A2977, A2979)
Rubratoxin B is a mycotoxin produced by fungi such as Penicillum rubrum and Penicillum purpurogenum, which are common soil fungi that sometimes contaminate animal feeds. (A2985)
Rubratoxin A is a mycotoxin produced by fungi such as Penicillum rubrum and Penicillum purpurogenum, which are common soil fungi that sometimes contaminate animal feeds. (A2985, A2988)
Penitrem A (tremortin) is a tremorgenic mycotoxin and neurotoxin found on ryegrass. It is produced by certain species of Aspergillus, Claviceps, and Penicillium. Penicillium crustosum in particular is a common foodborne fungus that causes spoilage in a wide variety of foods, including meat, cereals, nuts, cheese, eggs, fruit, and processed and refrigerated foods. (L1959, A2989)
Penitrem B is a tremorgenic mycotoxin and neurotoxin produced by certain species of Aspergillus, Claviceps, and Penicillium. Penicillium crustosum in particular is a common foodborne fungus that causes spoilage in a wide variety of foods, including meat, cereals, nuts, cheese, eggs, fruit, and processed and refrigerated foods. (L1959, A2989)
Penitrem C is a tremorgenic mycotoxin and neurotoxin produced by certain species of Aspergillus, Claviceps, and Penicillium. Penicillium crustosum in particular is a common foodborne fungus that causes spoilage in a wide variety of foods, including meat, cereals, nuts, cheese, eggs, fruit, and processed and refrigerated foods. (L1959, A2989)
Dicoumarol is a mycotoxin of combined plant and fungal origin. It is a derivative of coumarin, a substance made by plants which is transformed in mouldy feeds by a number of species of fungi into active dicoumarol. Dicoumarol is an anticoagulant that is used along with heparin for the treatment of deep venous thrombosis, as well as in biochemical experiments as an inhibitor of reductases. (L1960)
Cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) is a myxotoxin originally isolated from Penicillium cyclopium and subsequently from Penicillium griseofulvum, Penicillium camembertii, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus versicolor. It is often found co-occurring with aflatoxins. CPA is a natural contaminant of corn, peanuts, and sunflowers, as well as various types of cheese, sausages, and salamis. It may also occur in eggs, milk and meats from animal that have consumed CPA-contaminated feed. (L1961, A2999)
Citreoviridin is a mycotoxin that has been isolated in Peniciilium citreo-viride, P. ochrosalmoneum, and P. pulvullorum. It can be found in contaminated rice grains, as well as corn infested by Eupenicillium
ochrosalmoneurn. (A3002)
Penicillic acid is a mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. It is a human health hazard because it can be found on contaminated crops such as corn. (A3013)
Beauvericin is a mycotoxin with antibiotic and insecticidal effects. It was isolated from the fungus Beauveria bassiana, but is also produced by several other fungi, including several Fusarium species. It may therefore occur in grain (such as corn, wheat and barley) contaminated with these fungi. (L1962)
Fusaric acid is a mycotoxin found in various Fusarium species such as Fusarium moniliforme. It has been proposed for a various therapeutic applications but is primarily used as a research tool. Fusaric acid can be found in contaminated corn and cereal grains including barley, wheat, millets and sorghum. (L1963, A3020)
Fumitremorgin A (FTA) is mycotoxin isolated from Aspergillus fumigatus. (A3024)
Fumitremorgin B is a mycotoxin that has been found in the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. (A3024)
Fumitremorgin C is a mycotoxin that has been found in the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. (A3024)
Territrem B is a tremorgenic mycotoxin found in the fungus Aspergillus terreus. (A3028)
Territrem A is a tremorgenic mycotoxin found in the fungus Aspergillus terreus. (A3028)
Territrem B is a tremorgenic mycotoxin found in the fungus Aspergillus terreus. (A3028)
Paspalinine is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice.  (A2976)
Asteltoxin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungi Aspergillus stellatus and Emericella variecolor. It can be found in contaminated corn crops. (A3031)
Aurovertin B is a mycotoxin and antibiotic produced by the fungus Calcarisporium arbuscula. (A3002)
Aurovertin D is a mycotoxin and antibiotic produced by the fungus Calcarisporium arbuscula. (A3002)
Arisugacin A is a tremorgenic mycotoxin found in various fungi of the genus Penicillium. (A3035)
Butenolide is a mycotoxin found in various species of fungi of the genus Fusarium. It can often be found in contaminated agricultural products. (A3036)
Emestrin is a mycotoxin produced by fungi of the genus Emericella. Its action at the chemokine receptor has lead to its consideration as a possible treatment for autoimmune disorders including rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis, and infectious diseases.
Emodin is a mycotoxin and naturally occurring anthraquinone present in the roots and barks of numerous plants, such as rhubarb. It is an active ingredient of Chinese herbs, including Rheum officinale and Polygonam cuspidatum. Emodin is also produced as a secondary metabolite by molds and lichens such as Aspergillus wentii. It has been used as a laxative and also investigated as a potential chemotherapeutic drug. (A3043)
Enniatins are mycotoxins that appear in nature as a mixture of cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops. (L1965, A3055)
Enniatins are mycotoxins that appear in nature as a mixture of cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops. (L1965, A3055)
Enniatins are mycotoxins that appear in nature as a mixture of cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops. (L1965, A3055)
Enniatins are mycotoxins that appear in nature as a mixture of cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by bacteria, fungi, and plants. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops. (L1965, A3055)
Fumagillin is a mycotoxin found in the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus. It is an antimicrobial agent and amebicide that has been used in the treatment of microsporidiosis and other infections, especially in immunodeficient patients. It also has been investigated as a angiogenesis inhibitor in the treatment of cancer. Since fumagillin is often used to treat microsporidiosis in bees, it can be found as a contaminant in honey. (L1966, A3058)
Janthitrems are tremorgenic mycotoxins that have been found in the fungus Penicillium janthinellum. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3065)
Janthitrems are tremorgenic mycotoxins that have been found in the fungus Penicillium janthinellum. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3065)
Janthitrems are tremorgenic mycotoxins that have been found in the fungus Penicillium janthinellum. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3065)
Janthitrems are tremorgenic mycotoxins that have been found in the fungus Penicillium janthinellum. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3065)
Janthitrems are tremorgenic mycotoxins that have been found in the fungus Penicillium janthinellum. They may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3065)
Lolitrem B is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that is produced by the fungi Neotyphodium lolii and Acremonium lolii. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3066, A3068)
Luteoskyrin is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Penicillium islandicum. It is known to be a storage mold contaminant of rice. (A3069)
Kojic acid is a chelation agent and mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus, Acetobacter, and Penicillium fungi, especially Aspergillus oryzae, which has the Japanese common name koji. Kojic acid is a by-product in the fermentation process of malting rice, and is used in the manufacturing of numerous foods, including miso, soy sauce, and sake. Kojic acid is a mild inhibitor of the formation of pigment in plant and animal tissues, and is used in food and cosmetics to preserve or change colors of substances, such as in skin-lightening or bleaching formulas. It is also used as a food additive for preventing enzymatic browning and in seafood to preserve pink and red colors. Kojic acid also has antibacterial and antifungal properties and is used in skin diseases like melasma. (L1968, A3073)
Moniliformin is a mycotoxin produced by a number of fungi of the Fusarium species. It can by found in contaminated cereal crops. (L1969, A3075)
Secalonic acid D (SAD) is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Pencillium oxalicum, which is a common contaminant in corn and other grains. (A3088)
Slaframine is a mycotoxin produced by the fungus Rizoctonia leguminicola. (A3091)
Sporidesmin is a mycotoxin found in the spores of the fungus Pithomyces chartarum. (A3095)
Paspalitrem A is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice.  (A2976)
Paspalitrem B is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice.  (A2976)
Paspalicine is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976)
Paxilline is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungus Penicillium  paxilli. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976, A3082)
Verrucosidin is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976)
Verruculogen is a tremorgenic mycotoxin that has been found in fungi of the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus. It may be found in contaminated cereal crops such as oats, barley, millet, corn and rice. (A2976)
Insect repellent, found in many commercial insect repellents and mosquito sprays.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
It is used as a fungicide and is currently registered for use on a wide variety of food crops but is primarily used for pre-plant cottonseed treatment as well as on commercial turf and ornamentals. The markets for chloroneb seed treatment uses include: sugar beets, soybeans, cotton, and beans.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Clorophene is used as an antiseptic agent and a disinfectant in hospitals and restaurants.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This white solid is widely used in agriculture and the production of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds. It is also used as an alcohol deterrent drug in Canada, Europe and Japan. Calcium cyanamide or CaCN2 is a calcium compound used as fertilizer, first synthesized in 1898 by Adolph Frank and Nikodem Caro (Frank-Caro process).
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Methoxychlor (the parent compound of HPTE) is used as an insecticide against flies, mosquitoes, cockroaches, chiggers, and a wide variety of other insects. It is used on agricultural crops and livestock, and in animal feed, barns, grain storage bins, home garden, and on pets. (L167)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as an insecticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
For patients infected with Pediculus humanus capitis (head lice and their ova) of the scalp hair.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Methyl cellosolve, is a clear and colorless liquid at room temperature mainly used as a solvent. It is used for many purposes including varnishes, dyes, resins, printing, finishing textile, and semiconductor manufacturing.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
It is used in a variety of household and veterinary products.
Monomethyl phthalate is a metabolite, or breakdown product, of dimethyl phthalate, used in insect repellant, plastic, and as a rocket propellant.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Myclobutanil is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide. Myclobutanil is registered for use on a wide range of food and feed crops. It may also be used in greenhouses, public rights of way, turf, and in landscaping applications. Cotton seeds may be treated with myclobutanil. California accounts for roughly 50% of all myclobutanil use in the US, using 70,000 to 90,000 lbs. annually. Grapes are the most heavily treated crop, using 60% of all myclobutanil in California. Almonds and strawberries are also account for a notable percentage of myclobutanil use in California. (L2093)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
For the treatment of tapeworm and intestinal fluke infections: Taenia saginata (Beef Tapeworm), Taenia solium (Pork Tapeworm), Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish Tapeworm), Fasciolopsis buski (large intestinal fluke). Niclosamide is also used as a molluscicide in the control of schistosomiasis.
Nitrapyrin (trade name N-Serve) is used as an agricultural chemical. Nitrapyrin is currently registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as a nitrification inhibitor to slow and reduce the loss of nitrogen from soil when used together with urea and other ammoniacal (ammonia containing) fertilizers.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as an herbicide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
The PFOS levels that have been detected in wildlife are considered high enough to affect health parameters, and recently higher serum levels of PFOS were found to be associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease in the general US population, consistent with earlier animal studies. This association was independent of confounders such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and serum cholesterol level.
2-Phenoxyethanol is used in many applications such as cosmetics, vaccines and pharmaceuticals as a preservative. It is also used as a fixative for perfumes, an insect repellent, a topical antiseptic, a solvent for cellulose acetate, some dyes, inks, and resins, in preservatives, pharmaceuticals, and in organic synthesis.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Prochloraz is a non-systemic imidazole fungicide, an ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitor with contact and translaminar, protectant and eradicant activity. It is used in agriculture and horticulture against various plant diseases, especially Ascomycetes and Fungi Imperfecti. It is used to control foliar diseases of cereals (Pseudocercosporella, Pyrenophora, Rhynchosporium and Septoria spp.), field crops (such as Alternaria, Botrytis, Pyrenopeziza and Sclerotinia in oilseed rape, Ascochyta and Botrytis in legumes, Pyricularia in rice), fruit (blossom blight) and vegetables (anthracnose). (L2082)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as an insecticide effective against thrips, mites, aphids and leafhoppers.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
For the treatment of strongyloidiasis (threadworm), cutaneous larva migrans (creeping eruption), visceral larva migrans, and trichinosis.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Triclosan is used in a variety of common household products, including soaps, mouthwashes, dish detergents, toothpastes, deodorants, and hand sanitizers.  It is also used in health care settings in surgical scrubs and personnel hand washes.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Doxycycline is indicated for use in respiratory tract infections caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella spp., or Klebsiella spp. It is also used for prophylaxis of malaria. Doxycycline is indicated for a variety of bacterial infections, from Mycobacterium fortuitum and M. marinum, to susceptible E. coli and Brucella spp. It can be used as an alternative to treating plague, tetanus, Campylobacter fetus
Used primarily to treat Lyme disease, acne, and bronchitis. Also indicated (but rarely used) to treat urinary tract infections, gum disease, malaria, and other bacterial infections such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. One of its other registered uses is the treatment of hyponatremia (low blood sodium concentration) due to the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) where fluid restriction alone has been ineffective.
For the treatment of infections and to treat acne. It may also be used to treat urinary tract infections, gum disease, and other bacterial infections such as gonorrhea and chlamydia. Lymecycline is also used commonly as a prophylactic treatment for infection by <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> (anthrax). It is also effective against <i>Yersinia pestis</i> and malaria and is also prescribed for the treatment of Lyme disease.
Oxytetracycline is indicated for treatment of infections caused by a variety of Gram positive and Gram negative microorganisms including <i>Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Pasteurella pestis, Escherichia coli, Haemophilus influenzae</i> (respiratory infections), and <i>Diplococcus pneumoniae</i>.
Used in treatment of cholera, as it destroys the vibrios and decreases the diarrhea. It is effective against tetracycline-resistant vibrios. It is also used in eye drops or ointment to treat bacterial conjunctivitis.
Used to treat bacterial infections such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever, typhus fever, tick fevers, Q fever, rickettsialpox and Brill-Zinsser disease. May be used to treat infections caused by Chlamydiae spp., B. burgdorferi (Lyme disease), and upper respiratory infections caused by typical (S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae, and M. catarrhalis) and atypical organisms (C. pneumoniae, M. pneumoniae, L. pneumophila). May also be used to treat acne. Tetracycline may be an alternative drug for people who are allergic to penicillin.
Cotinine is an alkaloid found in tobacco and is also a metabolite of nicotine. (Wikipedia)
Molybdenum is important in plant nutrition, and is found in certain enzymes, including xanthine oxidase. Molybdenum is used to this day in high-strength alloys and in high-temperature steels. Molybdenum is used in oil pipelines, aircraft and missile parts, and in filaments. It is used to form the anode in some x-ray tubes, particularly in mammography applications. And is found in some electronic applications as the conductive metal layers in thin-film transistors (TFTs). And Mo-99 is used in the nuclear isotope industry. Molybdenum pigments range from red-yellow to a bright red orange and are used in paints, inks, plastics, and rubber compounds.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
Monoethyl phthalate (mEtP) is a metabolite, or breakdown product, of diethyl phthalate, used in perfume, cologne, deodorant, soap, shampoo, lotion, and other personal care products, particularly those containing fragrance.
Intestinal bacteria in humans can reduce daidzein to equol, and can be found in normal human urine.
Isoflavones compounds are found in a number of plants, but soybeans and soy products like tofu and textured vegetable protein are the primary food source. Equol represents the main active product of daidzein metabolism, produced via specific microflora in the gut.
Enterolactone is produced in the colon by the action of bacteria on secoisolariciresinol, matairesinol and its glycosides.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
Cesium is used in various industries, from the oil industry as cesium formate in drilling fluid, atomic clocks, centrifugation fluids, and cesium vapor thermionic generators, which convert heat energy to electrical energy.
Thallium(I) ions are found geologically mostly in potassium-based ores. Commercially, however, thallium is produced not from potassium ores, but as a byproduct from refining of heavy metal sulfide ores. Approximately 60–70% of thallium production is used in the electronics industry, and the remainder is used in the pharmaceutical industry and in glass manufacturing. It is also used in infrared detectors. The radioisotope thallium-201 (as the soluble chloride TlCl) is used in small, nontoxic amounts as an agent in a nuclear medicine scan, during one type of nuclear cardiac stress test. Soluble thallium salts were historically used in rat poisons and insecticides. Because of its historic popularity as a murder weapon, thallium has gained notoriety as "the poisoner's poison" and "inheritance powder" (alongside arsenic). (Wikipedia)
Benzophenone is found in fruits. Benzophenone is a widely used building block in organic chemistry, being the parent diarylketone.
Methylparaben is found in alcoholic beverages.
Ethylparaben is found in alcoholic beverages.
2-Biphenylol is found in lemon. It is an antifungal agent and preservative. 2-Biphenylol is used for post-harvest control of storage disease in apples, citrus fruit, stone fruit, tomatoes, cucumber and peppers through the use of impregnated wrapping materials or by direct application in a wax. 2-Biphenylol is used in food seasonings. The practical way of treatment is to immerse citrus fruit in an alkaline aqueous solution of the parent compound or its Na salt.
Its blood concentration can be used as a biomarker for smoking. While it may be abbreviated DMF, it should not be confused with dimethylformamide.
It has been used in the manufacture of such prominent consumer goods as Teflon and Gore-Tex. PFOA has been detected in the blood of more than 98% of the general US population in the low and sub-parts per billion range, and levels are higher in chemical plant employees and surrounding subpopulations. Exposure has been associated with increased cholesterol and uric acid levels, and recently higher serum levels of PFOA were found to be associated with increased risk of chronic kidney disease in the general United States population, consistent with earlier animal studies. This association was independent of confounders such as age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, diabetes, hypertension, and serum cholesterol level.
Perfluorononanoic acid, or PFNA, is a synthetic perfluorinated carboxylic acid and fluorosurfactant that is also an environmental contaminant found in people and wildlife along with PFOS and PFOA.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an opioid analgesic.
Treatment of acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Hodgkin lymphoma, non-Hodgkin lymphomas, Wilms' tumor, neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma. Liposomal vincristine is indicated for the treatment of relapsed Philadelphia chromosome-negative (Ph-) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
For treatment of breast cancer, testicular cancer, lymphomas, neuroblastoma, Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, mycosis fungoides, histiocytosis, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
For the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter and heart failure
Used in the treatment of Kaposi's sarcoma and cancer of the lung, ovarian, and breast. Abraxane&#8482; is specfically indicated for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer and locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer.
For treatment and relief of pain in attacks of acute gouty arthritis.
For the treatment and management of congestive cardiac insufficiency, arrhythmias and heart failure.
Sanguinarine is found in opium poppy. Consumption of Sanguinarine, present in poppy seeds and in the oil of <i>Argemone mexicana</i> which has been used as an adulterant for mustard oil in India, has been linked to development of glaucoma. It is also found in the root, stem and leaves of the opium poppy but not in the capsule. Sanguinarine is a toxin that kills animal cells through its action on the Na+-K+-ATPase transmembrane protein. These are organic compounds containing a benzene fused to a quinoline ring system.
(+)-Calycanthine is found in herbs and spices. The naphthyridine skeleton can also be described as an assembly two fused pyridine rings, which do not share their nitrogen atom.
(S)-Isocorydine is found in cherimoya.
(S)-2-Propylpiperidine is found in black elderberry.
Okadaic acid is found in mollusks. Okadaic acid is found in the marine sponges Halichondria okadai and Halichondria melanodocia and shellfish. It is a diarrhetic shellfish toxin. Okadaic acid is a toxin that accumulates in bivalves and causes diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. Okadaic acid was named from the marine sponge Halichondria okadai, from which okadaic acid was isolated for the first time. It has also been isolated from another marine sponge, H. malanodocia, as a cytotoxin.
Dinophysistoxin 1 is found in mollusks. Dinophysistoxin 1 is a metabolite of Dinophysis fortii. Dinophysistoxin 1 is found in scallops and mussels. Component toxin in diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. Dinophysistoxin 1 belongs to the family of Okadaic Acids and Derivatives.
Cyclochlorotine is a mycotoxin produced by the common food storage mould Penicillium islandicum.
Gonyautoxin II is a neurotoxin that is a sodium channel blocker.
Isodomoic acid F is found in mollusks. Isodomoic acid F is isolated from mussels.
alpha-Solanine is found in alcoholic beverages.
alpha-Chaconine is found in potato.
Gymnodimine is found in mollusks. Gymnodimine is isolated from New Zealand oysters (Tiostrea chilensis) and the dinoflagellate Gymnodinium cf.
Debromoaplysiatoxin is an algal toxin found in blue-green algae. It is one of the causative toxins of a series of red alga (Gracilaria coronopifolia) poisonings in Hawaii, which broke out in succession in September of 1994.
Retronecine is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid found in a variety of plants in the genera Senecio and Crotalaria, and the family Boraginaceae.
Veratridine is a steroid-derived alkaloid from plants in the Liliaceae family that functions as a neurotoxin by activating sodium ion channels.
Ranunculin is an instable glucoside found in plants of the buttercup family (Ranunculaceae). On maceration, for example when the plant is wounded, it is enzymatically broken down into glucose and the toxin protoanemonin.
Lycorine is a toxic crystalline alkaloid found in various Amaryllidaceae species, such as the cultivated bush lily (Clivia miniata), surprise lilies (Lycoris), and daffodils (Narcissus). Lycorine, definition at mercksource.com Regardless, it is sometimes used medicinally, a reason why some groups may harvest the very popular Clivia miniata.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
Convallatoxin is a glycoside extracted from Convallaria majalis. Convallatoxin is also isolated from the trunk bark of Antiaris toxicaria (A15340).
The main toxin of curare, D-tubocurarine, occupies the same position on the receptor as ACh with an equal or greater affinity making it a competitive antagonist.
Gelsemine is a toxic alkaloid found in the plant Gelsemium sempervirens.
It was originally identified in 1932 in plant alkaloid extracts and has been isolated from Dicentra cucullaria, Adlumia fungosa, Fumariaceae, and several Corydalis species. This compound is also routinely used to isolate glutamatergic (excitatory amino acid) receptor function.
Lasiocarpine is a pyrrolizidine alkaloid that is found in the seeds of Heliotropium lasiocarpum, Heliotropium europaeum, and several other plant species, all members of the family Boraginaceae.
Dictamnine is the main alkaloid in the roots of Dictamnus albus, and occurs in other plants of the Rutaceae family. Dictamnine has been reported to have antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi. Dictamnine has anti-platelet aggregation and vascular-relaxing activities, insecticidal activities, phototoxicity to bacteria and yeast and antibacterial activity against Mycobacterium smegmatis and Bacillus subtilis. Dictamnine has also been widely used to treat certain skin diseases. (A15435)
Matrine is an alkaloid found in plants from the Sophora genus.
It is a teratogen isolated from the corn lily (Veratrum californicum) that causes usually fatal birth defects. Cyclopamine is useful in studying the role of Hh in normal development, and as a potential treatment for certain cancers in which Hh is overexpressed.
Jervine is a steroidal alkaloid with molecular formula C27H39NO3 which is derived from the Veratrum plant genus.
Veratramine is a hypotensive alkaloid isolated from the rhizomes of Veratrum.
Lyngbyatoxin A is a cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species, notably <i>Moorea producens</i> (formerly classified as <i>Lyngbya majuscula</i>). It is used as a defensive secretion to protect this cyanobacteria from predation by fish, being a potent irritant and vesicant, as well as a carcinogen. The toxin is highly inflammatory and vesicatory.
Dicentrine is an anticancer compound isolated from Lindera, a species of flowering plants.
Nantenine is an alkaloid found in the plant Nandina domestica as well as some Corydalis species.
Aristolochic acids are a family of carcinogenic, mutagenic, and nephrotoxic compounds commonly found in the Aristolochiaceae family of plants, including Aristolochia and Asarum (wild ginger), which are commonly used in Chinese herbal medicine. Aristolochic acid I is the most abundant of the aristolochic acids and is found in almost all Aristolochia species.
Anatoxin-a, also known as Very Fast Death Factor, is a secondary, bicyclic amine alkaloid and cyanotoxin with acute neurotoxicity. It was first discovered in the early 1960s in Canada, and was isolated in 1972. The toxin is produced by seven different genera of cyanobacteria and has been reported in North America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and New Zealand. Symptoms of anatoxin exposure include loss of coordination, muscular fasciculations, convulsions and death by respiratory paralysis. As such, anatoxin-a has been used for medicinal purposes to investigate diseases characterized by low acetylcholine levels. Due to its high toxicity and potential presence in drinking water, anatoxin-a poses a threat to humans and animals. While methods for detection and water treatment exist, scientists have called for more research to improve reliability and efficacy. Anatoxin-a is not to be confused with anatoxin-a(S), another potent cyanotoxin that has a similar mechanism of action to that of anatoxin-a and is produced by many of the same cyanobacteria genera, but is structurally unrelated. (Wikipedia)
Brevetoxin-B (BTX-B, 1), produced by the red tide organism, Gymnodium breVe Davis, is the first member of marine polycyclic ethers to be structurally elucidated and one of the most potent neurotoxins. The structural feature of this compound is a trans-fused polycyclic ether ring system with 23 stereocenters, which contains six-, seven-, and eight-membered ether rings, three carbon-carbon double bonds, one hydroxyl group, and two carbonyl groups  (A3250).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous). Is used as a supplement to enhance athletic performance.
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous). Also a plant growth hormone (auxin).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Mainly used to treat patients in vasodilatory shock states such as septic shock and neurogenic shock and has shown a survival benefit over dopamine. Also used as a vasopressor medication for patients with critical hypotension.
For the prevention of liver damage and kidney damage associated with overdoses of acetaminophen
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
TMAO is produced endogenously in the body.  High levels are found in fish. It is a uremic toxic and an atherotoxin or atherogenic.  It is also an osmolyte.
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
For the reduction of the symptoms of muscle weakness and easy fatigability associated with the myasthenic syndrome of Eaton-Lambert. It is not indicated for treating myasthenia gravis.
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the palliative treatment of Hodgkin's disease (Stages III and IV), lymphosarcoma, chronic myelocytic or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, polycythemia vera, mycosis fungoides, and bronchogenic carcinoma. Also for the palliative treatment of metastatic carcinoma resulting in effusion.
Ethylene oxide is an industrial chemical that is important or critical to the production of detergents, thickeners, solvents, plastics, and various organic chemicals such as ethylene glycol, ethanolamines, simple and complex glycols, polyglycol ethers and other compounds. It is also used as a sterilizing agent, a fumigant, a fungicide and as an insecticide. Ethylene oxide ranks 26th in volume among the major industrial chemicals produced in the United States. About 65% of ethylene oxide is used for synthesis of ethylene glycol, an antifreeze product.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
2,6-Dimethylaniline is found in cigarette smoke; it is a pharmacologically inactive metabolite of some drugs (e.g., the local anesthetic lidocaine) and pesticides (e.g., metalaxyl); and it is an impurity in technical grade metalaxyl. (A15345)
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
Cylindrospermopsin (abbreviated to CYN, or CYL) is a cyanotoxin produced by a variety of freshwater cyanobacteria.
Lipopolysaccharides (LPS), also known as lipoglycans and endotoxin, are large molecules consisting of a lipid and a polysaccharide composed of O-antigen, outer core and inner core joined by a covalent bond; they are found in the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and elicit strong immune responses in animals. LPS acts as the prototypical endotoxin because it binds the CD14/TLR4/MD2 receptor complex in many cell types, but especially in monocytes, dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells, which promotes the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, nitric oxide, and eicosanoids.
Aplysiatoxin is a cyanotoxin produced by certain cyanobacteria species. It is used as a defensive secretion to protect these cyanobacteria from predation by fish, being a potent irritant and carcinogen, by acting as a powerful activator of Protein kinase C. It has dermatotoxic activity causing inflamation of the skin.
Fumaric acid is naturally produced by the body, however for industrial applications it is synthesized chemically. Fumaric acid is used to impart a tart taste to processed foods. It is also used as an antifungal agent in boxed foods such as cake mixes and flours, as well as tortillas. Fumaric acid is also added to bread to increase the porosity of the final baked product. It is used to impart a sour taste to sourdough and rye bread. In cake mixes, it is used to maintain a low pH and prevent clumping of the flours used in the mix. In fruit drinks, fumaric acid is used to maintain a low pH which, in turn, helps to stabilize flavor and color. Fumaric acid also prevents the growth of E. coli in beverages when used in combination with sodium benzoate. When added to wines, fumaric acid helps to prevent further fermentation and yet maintain low pH and eliminate traces of metallic elements. In this fashion, it helps to stabilize the taste of wine. Fumaric acid can also be added to dairy products, sports drinks, jams, jellies and candies. Fumaric acid helps to break down bonds between gluten proteins in wheat and helps to create a more pliable dough. Fumaric acid is used in paper sizing, printer toner, and polyester resin for making molded walls.
Investigated for use/treatment in asthma and burns and burn infections.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Used as a general anesthetic, to treat conditions such as insomnia, clinical depression, narcolepsy, and alcoholism, and to improve athletic performance.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Aminolevulinic acid plus blue light illumination using a blue light photodynamic therapy illuminator is indicated for the treatment of minimally to moderately thick actinic keratoses of the face or scalp.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Used as an initial treatment for the termination of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PVST), including that associated with accessory bypass tracts, and is a drug of choice for terminating stable, narrow-complex supraventricular tachycardias (SVT). Also used as an adjunct to thallous chloride TI 201 myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (thallium stress test) in patients who are unable to exercise adequately, as well as an adjunct to vagal maneuvers and clinical assessment to establish a specific diagnosis of undefined, stable, narrow-complex SVT.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
To be used as hormone replacement or substitution of diminished or absent endogenous testosterone. Use in males: For management of congenital or acquired hypogonadism, hypogonadism associated with HIV infection, and male climacteric (andopause). Use in females: For palliative treatment of androgen-responsive, advanced, inoperable, metastatis (skeletal) carcinoma of the breast  in women who are 1-5 years postmenopausal; testosterone esters may be used in combination with estrogens in the management of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with menopause in women who do not respond to adequately to estrogen therapy alone.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Hexacosanoic acid is most commonly found in beeswax and carnauba wax (Wikipedia). It is also an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body.
Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Considered to be nature's "Brain food" by improving mental capacities; helps speed the healing of ulcers; gives a "lift" from fatigue; helps control alcoholism, schizophrenia and the craving for sugar.
For use as an antidepressant, appetite suppressant, and sleep aid.
For the correction of hemodynamic imbalances present in the shock syndrome due to myocardial infarction, trauma, endotoxic septicemia, open-heart surgery, renal failure, and chronic cardiac decompensation as in congestive failure
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Found in many foods (meats, eggs, milk, cheese, fish, shellfish) derived from animal products.  Essential for membrane integrity. Used in steroid hormone synthesis.
Supplemental glycine may have antispastic activity. Very early findings suggest it may also have antipsychotic activity as well as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Used for protein synthesis.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
Used for protein synthesis including the formation of SAMe, L-homocysteine, L-cysteine, taurine, and sulfate.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Used for nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
The actions of supplemental L-histidine are entirely unclear. It may have some immunomodulatory as well as antioxidant activity. L-histidine may be indicated for use in some with rheumatoid arthritis. It is not indicated for treatment of anemia or uremia or for lowering serum cholesterol.
The branched-chain amino acids may have antihepatic encephalopathy activity in some. They may also have anticatabolic and antitardive dyskinesia activity.
Indicated to assist in the prevention of the breakdown of muscle proteins that sometimes occur after trauma or severe stress.
L-phenylalanine may be helpful in some with depression. It may also be useful in the treatment of vitiligo. There is some evidence that L-phenylalanine may exacerbate tardive dyskinesia in some schizophrenic patients and in some who have used neuroleptic drugs.
Used as a natural moisturizing agent in some cosmetics and skin care products.
L-Threonine makes up collagen, elastin, and enamel protein. It aids proper fat metabolism in the liver, helps the digestive and intestinal tracts function more smoothly, and assists in metabolism and assimilation.
Tryptophan may be useful in increasing serotonin production, promoting healthy sleep, managing depression by enhancing mental and emotional well-being, managing pain tolerance, and managing weight.
Promotes mental vigor, muscle coordination, and calm emotions. May also be of use in a minority of patients with hepatic encephalopathy and in some with phenylketonuria.
Tyrosine is claimed to act as an effective antidepressant, however results are mixed. Tyrosine has also been claimed to reduce stress and combat narcolepsy and chronic fatigue, however these claims have been refuted by some studies.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Calcium plays a vital role in the anatomy, physiology and biochemistry of organisms and of the cell, particularly in signal transduction pathways. It is vital in cell signaling, muscular contractions, bone health, and signalling cascades.
Naturally produced by the body (endogenous).
L-Proline is extremely important for the proper functioning of joints and tendons and also helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
S-Sulfocysteine is produced by reaction of inorganic sulfite and cystine by a yet unknown pathway (A15402).
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Succinic acid is a precursor to some specialized polyesters. It is also a component of some alkyd resins. Succinic acid is used in the food and beverage industry, primarily as an acidity regulator. It is also sold as a food additive and dietary supplement, and is generally recognized as safe by the US FDA.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
S-Adenosylmethionine (SAMe) is used as a drug in Europe for the treatment of depression, liver disorders, fibromyalgia, and osteoarthritis. It has also been introduced into the United States market as a dietary supplement for the support of bone and joint health, as well as mood and emotional well being.
Sarcosine can be used as a cognitive enhancer and to treat schizophrenia.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
As food additives, sulfiting agents were first used in 1664 and approved in the United States as long ago as the 1800s.
If chitin is detected they then produce enzymes to digest the chitin by reducing it to simple sugars and ammonia. It is the second most abundant biopolymer on earth, found especially in insects and fungi.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a natural compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Chronic angina and Coronary Artery Disease
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Fludioxonil is used to control axillary bud (sucker) growth after the floral portion of tobacco plants have been topped.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Forchlorfenuron is a diphenylurea-derivative cytokinin growth stimulating substance used as plant growth regulator (PGR) to enhance fruit set, size and increase yields. Forchlorfenuronis is commonly used in horticulture to stimulate the growth of kiwi fruit and grapes.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Prodiamine is used to control annual grasses and broad-leaved weeds in ornamentals, hardwood crops, turf and on non-cropped land.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Thidiazuron has been registered for use as a pre-harvest cotton defoliant or growth regulator. It removes green leaves and immature fruiting structures, which contribute to cotton staining. (L2080)
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Used alone as a short-term sleep aid, in combination with other drugs as a night-time cold and allergy relief drug. Also used in combination with Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to prevent morning sickness in pregnant women.
For the treatment of insomnia
For symptomatic relief of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis and vasomotor rhinitis, as well as allergic conjunctivitis caused by foods and inhaled allergens. Also for the relief of allergic reactions to blood or plasma, and the symptomatic management of mild, uncomplicated allergic skin manifestations of urticaria and angioedema.
For the treatment of the symptoms of the common cold and allergic rhinitis, such as runny nose, itchy eyes, watery eyes, and sneezing.
For the treatment of nasal congestion, sinus congestion, Eustachian tube congestion, and vasomotor rhinitis, and as an adjunct to other agents in the optimum treatment of allergic rhinitis, croup, sinusitis, otitis media, and tracheobronchitis. Also used as first-line therapy of priapism.
Used to assist the expectoration of phlegm from the airways in acute respiratory tract infections.
For the relief of symptoms of seasonal allergic rhinitis, perennial (non-seasonal) allergic rhinitis. Desloratidine is also used for the sympomatic treatment of pruritus and urticaria (hives) associated with chronic idiopathic urticaria.
For the symptomatic treatment of seasonal allergic rhinitis and non-allergic rhinitis, as well as symptomatic relief of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis.
For the treatment of allergic disorders, and nausea/vomiting.
Used in the treatment of acute pain, myocardial infarction, acute pulmonary oedema, and chronic pain.
Dexmethylphenidate is used as a treatment for ADHD, ideally in conjunction with psychological, educational, behavioral or other forms of treatment.
For treatment and management of epilepsy and seizures associated with Lennox-Gastaut syndrome, a difficult-to-treat form of childhood epilepsy.
Haloxazolam is indicated for the treatment insomnia.
Camazepam has been used in placebo controlled studies for the treatment of patients suffering from anxiety and depression.
Mainly used as an anti-anxiety agent. Studies have found delorazepam to be more effective in the first 4 weeks of use than antidepressants; however, after 4 weeks, antidepressants showed superior anti-anxiety effects. Anti-anxiety effects also appear to be weaker in elderly patients. Effectiveness has also been observed in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal. Delorazapam was reported to be a manageable drug in that it did not exhibit severe side effects and did not require further therapies to control symptoms of withdrawal.
Ethyl loflazepate possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. (Wikipedia)
Used primarily as an anti-anxiety agent. Typically used short term, and may be given as a single dose of up to 100mcg/kg to reduce anxiety and tension experienced prior to surgery.
Used for the short-term treatment of anxiety disorders.
Ketazolam could be used for the treatment of anxiety. In approved countries, it is indicated for the treatment of anxiety, tension, irritability and similar stress related symptoms.
For the treatment of anxiety and alcohol withdrawal.
Brotizolam is used in the short term treatment of severe or debilitating insomnia.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
Guaiacol is a phenolic natural product first isolated from Guaiac resin and the oxidation of lignin. It is a yellowish aromatic oil that is now commonly derived from guaiacum or wood creosote. It is used medicinally as an expectorant, antiseptic, and local anesthetic. Guaiacol is used in traditional dental pulp sedation, and has the property of inducing cell proliferation; guaiacol is a potent scavenger of reactive oxygen radicals and its radical scavenging activity may be associated with its effect on cell proliferation. Guaiacol is also used in the preparation of synthetic vanillin. Guaiacol has been found in the urine of patients with neuroblastoma and pheochromocytoma.
Hydroquinone has a variety of uses principally associated with its action as a reducing agent which is soluble in water. It is a major component in most photographic developers where, with the compound Metol, it reduces silver halides to elemental silver. In human medicine, hydroquinone is used as a topical application in skin whitening to reduce the color of skin.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
1,3-Benzenediol is found in alcoholic beverages.
1-Methyl-6-phenyl-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-amine is a food-related mutagen, reported to be the most abundant heterocyclic amine found in cooked meat and fish.
Small quantities of ethyl carbamate are still used in laboratories as an anesthetic for animals. Ethyl carbamate is found in many alcoholic beverages, especially distilled spirits.
Etizolam is indicated for short-term treatment of insomnia and for short-term treatment of anxiety or panic attacks, if a benzodiazepine is required. (Wikipedia)
Lormetazepam is a short-acting benzodiazepine and is sometimes used in patients who have difficulty in maintaining sleep or falling asleep.
Tetrazepam is used to treat muscle spasm, anxiety disorders such as panic attacks, or more rarely to treat depression, premenstrual syndrome or agoraphobia.
It is made by some trees and found in some fruits and vegetables in small amounts.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
Caprylic acid is found naturally in the milk of various mammals, and as a minor constituent of coconut oil and palm kernel oil. It is also an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. Caprylic acid is used commercially in the production of esters used in perfumery and also in the manufacture of dyes. Caprylic acid is an antimicrobial pesticide used as a food contact surface sanitizer in commercial food handling establishments on dairy equipment, food processing equipment, breweries, wineries, and beverage processing plants. It is also used as disinfectant in health care facilities, schools/colleges, animal care/veterinary facilities, industrial facilities, office buildings, recreational facilities, retail and wholesale establishments, livestock premises, restaurants, and hotels/motels. In addition, caprylic acid is used as an algaecide, bactericide, and fungicide in nurseries, greenhouses, garden centers, and interiorscapes on ornamentals. Products containing caprylic acid are formulated as soluble concentrate/liquids and ready-to-use liquids. The acid chloride of caprylic acid is used in the synthesis of perfluorooctanoic acid. Caprylic acid has medical uses as a medium-chain triglyceride. Caprylic acid is also used in the treatment of some bacterial infections. Due to its relatively short chain length it has no difficulty in penetrating fatty cell wall membranes, hence its effectiveness in combating certain lipid-coated bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and various species of Streptococcus. The octanoic acid breath test is used to measure gastric emptying. Some potential benefit is possible from administration of octanoic acid for patients with Essential tremor. Caprylic acid is taken as a dietary supplement. It is believed to suppress fungal infections within the gut, notably candida albicans infection. (Wikipedia)
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For treatment of external genital warts (<i>Condyloma acuminatum</i>).
Prunasin is found in almond. Prunasin is isolated from kernels of Prunus species, immature fruits of Passiflora species and leaves of perilla (Perilla frutescens var.
Sambunigrin is found in black elderberry. Sambunigrin is isolated from leaves of elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and from other plantsSambunigrin belongs to the family of O-glycosyl Compounds.
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
It is used to manufacture azo dyes.
It is used as a biomarker of long term or historical exposure to acrylonitrile (a byproduct of smoking cigarettes).
This is a toxic chemical found in cigarettes or generated by tobacco combustion.
Doxefazepam is used therapeutically as a hypnotic.
Loprazolam is licensed and marketed for the short term treatment of moderately severe insomnia.
Mexazolam has been trialed for anxiety and was found to be effective in alleviating anxiety at one week follow-up, however, after three weeks of therapy mexazolam had lost its therapeutic anxiolytic properties becoming no more effective than placebo, presumably due to benzodiazepine tolerance.
Used as a coupler for color photography, an enzyme inactivator, an intermediate, in insecticides, perfumes, organic synthesis, tear gas, and in the polymerization of vinyl monomers.
Salt is used for food flavouring, food, plastic production, paper production, water conditioning, de-icing, agricultural applications.  Salt is produced from salt mines or by the evaporation of seawater or mineral-rich spring water in shallow pools.
For the treatment of urogenital symptoms associated with post-menopausal atrophy of the vagina (such as dryness, burning, pruritus and dyspareunia) and/or the lower urinary tract (urinary urgency and dysuria).
For the topical treatment of comedo, papular and pustular acne (acne vulgaris) of the face, chest or back.
For treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia.
Arecoline is found in nuts. Arecoline is isolated from betel nuts Arecoline is an alkaloid natural product found in the areca nut, the fruit of the areca palm (Areca catechu). Since one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease is a cognitive decline, arecoline was suggested as a treatment to slow down this process and arecoline administered via i.v. Arecoline has also been used medicinally as an antihelmintic (a drug against parasitic worms).
For treatment of patients with the following French-American-British myelodysplastic syndrome subtypes: refractory anemia or refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts (if accompanied by neutropenia or thrombocytopenia or requiring transfusions), refractory anemia with excess blasts, refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation (now classified as acute myelogenous leukemia with multilineage dysplasia), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia.
Azathioprine is used alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive therapy to prevent rejection following organ transplantation, and to treat an array of autoimmune diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, pemphigus, systemic lupus erythematosus, Behcet's disease and other forms of vasculitis, autoimmune hepatitis, atopic dermatitis, myasthenia gravis, neuromyelitis optica (Devic's disease), restrictive lung disease, and others. It is also an important therapy and steroid-sparing agent for inflammatory bowel disease (such as Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis) and for multiple sclerosis. In the United States it is currently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in kidney transplantation from human donors, and for rheumatoid arthritis. Other uses are off-label. (Wikipedia)
For the treatment of brain tumors, multiple myeloma, Hodgkin's disease and Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas.
For treatment of chronic lymphatic (lymphocytic) leukemia,  childhood minimal-change nephrotic syndrome, and malignant lymphomas including lymphosarcoma, giant follicular lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease,  non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, and Waldenstrн_mду»s Macroglobulinemia.
For the treatment of metastatic testicular tumors, metastatic ovarian tumors and advanced bladder cancer.
Cyclophosphamide is indicated for the treatment of malignant lymphomas, multiple myeloma, leukemias, mycosis fungoides (advanced disease), neuroblastoma (disseminated disease), adenocarcinoma of the ovary, retinoblastoma, and carcinoma of the breast. It is also indicated for the treatment of biopsy-proven minimal change nephrotic syndrome in pediatric patients.
Dacarbazine is used in the treatment of various cancers, among them malignant melanoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, sarcoma, and islet cell carcinoma of the pancreas. As of mid-2006, dacarbazine is commonly used as a single agent in the treatment of metastatic melanoma, and as part of the ABVD chemotherapy regimen to treat Hodgkin lymphoma, and in the MAID regimen for sarcoma. (Wikipedia)
Dichloroacetic acid has shown promise as a potentially new class of anti-cancer medication, but has yet to complete clinical trials. Early reports of its activity against brain cancer cells led patients to treat themselves with DCA, which is commercially available in non-pharmaceutical grade. As of October 2014, dichloroacetic acid was undergoing phase III clinical trials for cancer treatment (L2084) (Wikipedia). Dichloroacetic acid has undergone clinical trials for the treatment of lactic acidosis in humans, but the trials found no clinical benefit (Wikipedia). In 2014 Thomas E. Mallouk and colleagues published a new technique for the production of graphene by intercalation of graphite with non-oxidizing Brønsted acids including dichloroacetic acid, raising the prospect that dichloroacetic acid might be used in industrial graphene production in the future (L2085).
For the treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with the menopause, atrophic vaginitis, osteoporosis, hypoestrogenism due to hypogonadism, castration, primary ovarian failure, breast cancer (for palliation only), and Advanced androgen-dependent carcinoma of the prostate (for palliation only)
For use in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of refractory testicular tumors and as first line treatment in patients with small cell lung cancer. Also used to treat other malignancies such as lymphoma, non-lymphocytic leukemia, and glioblastoma multiforme.
Griseofulvin is used both in animals and in humans, to treat fungal infections of the skin (commonly known as ringworm) and nails. Griseofulvin is used orally only for dermatophytosis. It is ineffective topically. Griseofulvin is reserved for cases with nail, hair or large body surface involvement. (Wikipedia)
Used in preventing and treating iron-deficiency anemia.
It is used in the manufacture of acetone and its derivatives and as a solvent. Topically, it is used as an antiseptic. Small amounts of this alcohol are produced naturally by gut microbial flora.
For the treatment of primary and metastatic brain tumors as a component of combination chemotherapy in addition to appropriate surgical and/or radiotherapeutic procedures. Also used in combination with other agents as secondary therapy for the treatment of refractory or relapsed Hodgkin's disease.
For the palliative treatment of multiple myeloma and for the palliation of non-resectable epithelial carcinoma of the ovary. Has also been used alone or as part of various chemotherapeutic regimens as an adjunct to surgery in the treatment of breast cancer, alone or in combination regimens for palliative treatment of locally recurrent or unresectable in-transit metastatic melanoma of the extremities, as well as for the treatment of amyloidosis with prednisone.
For the treatment of anaerobic infections and mixed infections, surgical prophylaxis requiring anaerobic coverage, Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea and colitis, Helicobacter pylori infection and duodenal ulcer disease, bacterial vaginosis, Giardia lamblia gastro-enteritis, amebiasis caused by Entamoeba histolytica, acne rosacea (topical treatment), and Trichomonas infections.
Used principally as an analgesic.
Used for over a century as a laxative.
For the treatment of drug-induced allergic reactions, perennial or seasonal allergic rhinitis, serum sickness, giant cell arteritis acute rheumatic or nonrheumatic carditis, systemic dermatomyositis, systemic lupus erythematosus, atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, exfoliative dermatitis, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis, severe seborrheic dermatitis, severe (Stevens-Johnson syndrome) erythema multiforme, mycosis fungoides, pemphigus, severe psoriasis, acute adrenocortical insufficiency, Addison's disease, secondary adrenocortical insufficiency, congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypercalcemia associated with neoplasms, nonsuppurative thyroiditis, ulceratice colitis, Crohn's disease, acquired hemolytic anemia, congenital hypoplastic anemia, erythroblastopenia, adult secondary thrombocytopenia, adult idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura, acute or subacute bursitis, epicondylitis, acute nonspecific tenosynovitis, acute or chronic lymphocytic leukemia, Hodgkin's or non-Hodgkin's lynphomas, Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia, primary brain tumors (adjunct), nephrotic syndrome, tuberculous meningitis, multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis. cerebral edema, chorioretinitis, diffuse posterior choroiditis, aleergic conjunctivitis, Herpes zoster ophthalmicus, anterior segment inflammation, iridocyclitis, iritis, keratitis, optoc neuritis, sympathetic ophthalmia, corneal marginal allergic ulcers, symptomatic sarcoidosis, Loeffler's syndrome not manageable by other means, berylliosis, fulminating or disseminated pulmonary tuberculosis when used concurrently with appropriate antituberculous chemotherapy and aspiration pneumonitis.
For use with other anticancer drugs for the treatment of stage III and stage IV Hodgkin's disease.
Used to manage hyperthyroidism which is due to an overactive thyroid gland (Grave's disease).
Tamoxifen is indicated for the treatment of metastatic breast cancer in women and men and ductal carcinoma in Situ.
Teniposide is used for the treatment of refractory acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
ThioTEPA is used a as conditioning treatment prior to allogeneic or autologous haematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation (HPCT) in haematological diseases in adult and paediatric patients. Also, when high dose chemotherapy with HPCT support it is appropriate for the treatment of solid tumours in adult and paediatric patients.
Used for its antineoplastic properties.
For the treatment of Human immunovirus (HIV) infections in conjunction with other antivirals.
Used in combination with other antiretroviral agents for the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections.
Produced by white blood cells, generated by lightning, photocopiers and UV light.  Used as an industrial chemical in the preparation of pharmaceuticals, synthetic lubricants. Used for bleaching and as a disinfectant.
For the acute and chronic treatment of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
Used as a contraceptive and to treat secondary amenorrhea, abnormal uterine bleeding, pain associated with endometriosis, endometrial and renal cell carcinomas, paraphilia in males, GnRH-dependent forms of precocious puberty, as well as to prevent endometrial changes associated with estrogens.
For use as an electrolyte replenisher and in the treatment of hypokalemia.
For use after allogenic organ transplant to reduce the activity of the patient's immune system and so the risk of organ rejection. It was first approved by the FDA in 1994 for use in liver transplantation, this has been extended to include kidney, heart, small bowel, pancreas, lung, trachea, skin, cornea, and limb transplants. It has also been used in a topical preparation in the treatment of severe atopic dermatitis.
For the treatment of hypertension and as adjunct therapy in the treatment of congestive heart failure. May also be used to slow the rate of progression of renal disease in hypertensive individuals with diabetes mellitus and microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy.
For the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
For symptomatic relief and prevention of bronchospasm due to bronchial asthma, chronic bronchitis, and other chronic bronchopulmonary disorders such as COPD.
For the treatment of adult patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) who have not responded to or whose disease has progressed during treatment with at least one standard alkylating-agent containing regimen
Intravenously, for initiation of treatment and prophylaxis of frequently recurring ventricular fibrillation and hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia in patients refractory to other therapy. Orally, for the treatment of life-threatening recurrent ventricular arrhythmias such as recurrent ventricular fibrillation and recurrent hemodynamically unstable ventricular tachycardia.
Encainide is a class Ic antiarrhythmic agent which was used for management of irregular heartbeats, such as atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, ventricular tachycardia, and ventricular fibrillation.
For the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible bacteria.
Hexestrol is a synthetic estrogen that has been used as a hormonal antineoplastic agent.
Aminopterin Syndrome Sine Aminopterin (ASSA, OMIM 600325) is an embryopathy caused by maternal treatment with the olic acid antagonist aminopterin has been recognized since 1952 when aminopterin was used as an abortifacient. Aminopterin is an antimetabolite drug used in treatment of cancer and autoimmune diseases.
For the treatment of small uncomplicated varicose veins of the lower extremities that show simple dilation with competent valves.
For treatment of moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms associated with the menopause, female hypogonadism, prostatic carcinoma-palliative therapy of advanced disease, breast cancer, as an oral contraceptive, and as emergency contraceptive.
Used in the treatment of prostate cancer. Previously used in the prevention of miscarriage or premature delivery in pregnant women prone to miscarriage or premature delivery.
Norethindrone acetate is indicated for the treatment of secondary amenorrhea, endometriosis, and abnormal uterine bleeding due to hormonal imbalance in the absence of organic pathology, such as submucous fibroids or uterine cancer.
For management of perimenopausal and postmenopausal symptoms.
For the palliative treatment of patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma.
Methyltestosterone is an anabolic steroid hormone used to treat men with a testosterone deficiency. It is also used in women to treat breast cancer, breast pain, swelling due to pregnancy, and with the addition of estrogen it can treat symptoms of menopause.
For the treatment of menopausal and postmenopausal disorders and alone or in combination with other hormones as an oral contraceptive.
For use in combination with cyclophosphamide as a conditioning regimen prior to allogeneic hematopoietic progenitor cell transplantation for chronic myelogenous  (myeloid, myelocytic, granulocytic) leukemia (FDA has designated busulfan as an orphan drug for this use). It is also used as a component of pretransplant conditioning regimens in patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation for acute myeloid leukemia and nonmalignant diseases.
Dihydrotestosterone is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the treatement of bacterial skin infections including pyodermas, infected dermatoses and infections of cuts, wounds, burns and ulcers due to susceptible organisms.
Used primarily to treat low-renin hypertension, hypokalemia, and Conn's syndrome.
Testosterone propionate is an anabolic steroid and a short ester form of testosterone that becomes active in the body. It is often used for muscle mass building.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the treatment of perennial and seasonal allergic rhinitis.
For the treatment of hormone receptor positive metastatic breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy.
Used as replacement or supplemental therapy in patients with hypothyroidism of any etiology, except transient hypothyrodism during the recovery phase of subacute thyroiditis.
Alpha cyclodextrin is a naturally occurring, cyclic oligosaccharide, enzymatically produced from starch.
1,3-Butanediol is found in pepper (c. annuum). It is commonly used as a solvent for food flavouring agents and is a co-monomer used in certain polyurethane and polyester resins. In biology, 1,3-butanediol is used as a hypoglycaemic agent.
This is a man-made compound that is used as a pesticide.
For use in the treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of microorganisms in the following diseases: respiratory tract infections (upper and lower) of mild to moderate degree, pertussis (whooping cough), as adjunct to antitoxin in infections due to <i>Corynebacterium diphtheriae</i>, in the treatment of infections due to <i>Corynebacterium minutissimum</i>, intestinal amebiasis caused by <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>, acute pelvic inflammatory disease caused by <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i>, skin and soft tissue infections of mild to moderate severity caused by <i>Streptococcus pyogenes</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, primary syphilis caused by <i>Treponema pallidum</i>, infections caused by <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i>, nongonococcal urethritis caused by <i>Ureaplasma urealyticum</i>, and Legionnaires' disease caused by <i>Legionella pneumophila</i>.
For use as an adjunct to diet to lower the blood glucose in patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (Type II) whose hyperglycemia cannot be satisfactorily controlled by diet alone.
N-Decane is found in common oregano.
For management of melanoma, resistant chronic myelocytic leukemia, and recurrent, metastatic, or inoperable carcinoma of the ovary and Sickle-cell anemia.
For the management of locally confined Stage B2-C and Stage D2 metastatic carcinoma of the prostate
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For remission induction and remission consolidation treatment of acute nonlymphocytic leukemias.
For relief and management of osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA), ankylosing spondylitis, acute pain, primary dysmenorrhea and oral adjunct to usual care for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis
For the treatment of human immunovirus (HIV) infections.
Capric acid occurs naturally in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4%), otherwise it is uncommon in typical seed oils. It is found in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats. Capric acid is used in the manufacturing of esters for artificial fruit flavors and perfumes. It is also use as an intermediate in chemical syntheses. It is used in organic synthesis and industrially in the manufacture of perfumes, lubricants, greases, rubber, dyes, plastics, food additives and pharmaceuticals. (Wikipedia)
For the treatment of active hairy cell leukemia (leukemic reticuloendotheliosis) as defined by clinically significant anemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, or disease-related symptoms. Also used as an alternative agent for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.
For use as adjunctive therapy to diet to reduce elevated LDL-C, Total-C,Triglycerides and Apo B, and to increase HDL-C in adult patients with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia (Fredrickson Types IIa and IIb)
For the topical treatment of multiple actinic or solar keratoses. In the 5% strength it is also useful in the treatment of superficial basal cell carcinomas when conventional methods are impractical, such as with multiple lesions or difficult treatment sites. Fluorouracil injection is indicated in the palliative management of some types of cancer, including colon, esophageal, gastric, rectum, breast, biliary tract, stomach, head and neck, cervical, pancreas, renal cell, and carcinoid.
For the treatment of all forms of tuberculosis in which organisms are susceptible.
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent for intravenous, oral, and topical pharmaceutical preparations It is generally considered safe. Intravenous lorazepam contains the largest amount of propylene glycol of commonly used drugs. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a maximum consumption of 25 mg/kg/day (1.8 g/day for a 75 kg male) of propylene glycol when used as a food additive, but this limit does not address its use as a drug solvent.
For the treatment of toxoplasmosis and acute malaria; For the prevention of malaria in areas non-resistant to pyrimethamine
For the treatment of the symptoms and reversible airflow obstruction associated with chronic asthma and other chronic lung diseases, such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
For the treatment of high blood pressure and management of edema.
For use in combination with surgical castration for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer involving distant lymph nodes, bone, or visceral organs (Stage D2).
For Primary Dysbetalipoproteinemia (Type III hyperlipidemia) that does not respond adequately to diet. This helps control high cholesterol and high triglyceride levels.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For use, in combination with other antiretroviral agents, in the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adults.
For management as an adjunct to diet to reduce elevated total-C, LDL-C, apo B, and TG levels in patients with primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. For primary prevention of coronary heart disease and to slow progression of coronary atherosclerosis in patients with coronary heart disease.
For the treatment of hypercholesterolemia and for the reduction in the risk of cardiac heart disease mortality and cardiovascular events. It can also be used in adolescent patients for the treatment of heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia.
For the treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus. It is used alone or in combination with a sulfonylurea, metformin, or insulin as an adjunct to diet and exercise.
Used as a test to determine the general health of an unborn fetus.
Mestranol was used as one of the first oral contraceptives.
It is often used as a tracer dye within water to determine the rate and direction of flow and transport. Rhodamine dyes fluoresce and can thus be detected easily and inexpensively with instruments called fluorometers. Rhodamine dyes are used extensively in biotechnology applications such as fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and ELISA.
Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid which has been isolated from Delphinium, Witch-hazel, grapefruit, and other plant sources.
For adjuvant treatment of hormone receptor positive breast cancer , as well as hormonal treatment of advanced breast cancer in post-menopausal women. Has also been used to treat pubertal gynecomastia and McCune-Albright syndrome; however, manufacturer states that efficacy for these indications have not been established.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the topical treatment of mild-to-moderate inflammatory acne vulgaris.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the extended adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have received 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. Also for first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive or hormone receptor unknown locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. Also indicated for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following antiestrogen therapy.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For the suppression of adrenal function in selected patients with Cushing's syndrome, malignant neoplasm of the female breast, and carcinoma in situ of the breast.
Used as an ingredient in sunscreen and other cosmetics.
For diagnostic imaging. Primarily indicated in diagnostic fluorescein angiography or angioscopy of the fundus and of the iris vasculature.
For treatment of adult patients with very high elevations of serum triglyceride levels (types IV and V hyperlipidemia) who are at risk of developing pancreatitis (inflammation of the pancreas) and who do not respond adequately to a strict diet.
N-Butyl benzenesulfonamide (NBBS), a plasticizer used commercially in the polymerization of polyamide compounds. It is neurotoxic and has been found to induce spastic myelopathy in rabbits.
This is an endogenously produced metabolite found in the human body. It is used in metabolic reactions, catabolic reactions or waste generation.
For nutritional supplementation and for treating dietary shortage or imbalance.
Used for the treatment of actinic keratoses (precancerous skin growths that can become malignant if left untreated).
Cetyl-Trimethyl-Ammonium, Cetrimonium, cetyl trimethylammonium, or hexadecyltrimethylammonium is a quaternary ammonium cation whose bromide and chloride salts are used as antiseptics.
Key additive in many skin-care products for the treatment of acne, psoriasis, callouses, corns, keratosis pilaris and warts.
For the treatment of ariboflavinosis (vitamin B2 deficiency).
For treatment (together with surgery or LHRH analogue) of advanced prostatic cancer.
It is composed of a benzene ring fused with a cyclopentene ring.
For the treatment of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in men with an enlarged prostate to: Improve symptoms, reduce the risk of acute urinary retention, reduce the risk of the need for surgery including transurethral resection of the prostate. Also used for the stimulation of regrowth of hair in men with mild to moderate androgenetic alopecia (male pattern alopecia, hereditary alopecia, common male baldness).
For the treatment of bacterial and fungal infections inside the mouth (thrush) and skin, also for the prevention of transmission of Chagas' disease (as a blood additive).
Investigated for use/treatment in asthma, depression, and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).
3,4-Dimethylphenol is found in coffee and coffee products.
Ethylphosphate is produced by the reaction between diethylphosphate and water, with ethanol as a byproduct.
Octenol is used, sometimes in combination with carbon dioxide, to attract insects in order to kill them with certain electronic devices. Its odor has been described as green and moldy or meaty; it is used in certain perfumes. In an animal study, octenol has been found to disrupt dopamine homeostasis and may be an environmental agent involved in parkinsonism.
Glycoluril can be used to make Cucurbiturils. They have been used by chemists for various applications, including drug delivery, asymmetric synthesis, molecular switching, and dye tuning.
Glutaral is used as an antimicrobial agent in sugar mills and as a fixing agent in the immobilisation of glucose isomerase enzyme preparations for use in the manufacture of high fructose corn syrup A polymerized isomer of glutaraldehyde known as polycycloglutaracetal is a fertilizer for aquatic plants. Glutaraldehyde is a colorless liquid with a pungent odor used to disinfect medical and dental equipment. It is also used for industrial water treatment and as a chemical preservative. It is used as a tissue fixative in electron microscopy. Glutaraldehyde is frequently used in biochemistry applications as an amine-reactive homobifunctional crosslinker.
Coumarin is a chemical compound/poison found in many plants, notably in high concentration in the tonka bean, woodruff, and bison grass. The parent compound, coumarin, occurs naturally in many plants, natural spices, and foods such as tonka bean, cassia (bastard cinnamon or Chinese cinnamon), cinnamon, melilot (sweet clover), green tea, peppermint, celery, bilberry, lavender, honey (derived both from sweet clover and lavender), and carrots, as well as in beer, tobacco, wine, and other foodstuffs. Coumarin is used as an additive in perfumes and fragranced consumer products at concentrations ranging from <0.5% to 6.4% in fine fragrances to <0.01% in detergents. In addition to human exposure to coumarin from dietary sources and consumer products, coumarin is also used clinically as an antineoplastic and for the treatment of lymphedema and venous insufficiency. The multiple effects as well as the ongoing human exposure to coumarin have resulted in a significant research effort focused on understanding the mechanism of coumarin induced toxicity/carcinogenicity and its human relevance. As a pharmaceutical, coumarin has been used in diverse applications with a wide variety of dosing regimens. However, at low doses (typically 7 to 10 mg/day), coumarin has been used as a 'venotonic' to promote vein health and small venule blood flow. Additionally, coumarin has been used clinically in the treatment of high-protein lymphedema of various etiologies.
4-Tert-butylphenol is also found in herbs and spices and in oregano. 4-tert-Butylphenol is a flavour ingredient.
BHT is primarily used as an antioxidant food additive (E number E321) as well as an antioxidant additive in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, jet fuels, rubber, petroleum products, electrical transformer oil, and embalming fluid.
In studies, quercetin is found to be the most active of the flavonoids, and many medicinal plants owe much of their activity to their high quercetin content.
2-Ethoxyethanol, also known by the trademark Cellosolve or ethyl cellosolve, is a solvent used widely in commercial and industrial applications. This is an ideal property as a multi-purpose cleaner and therefore 2-ethoxyethanol is used in products such as varnish removers and degreasing solutions.
Industrial intermediate, used in production of dyes, found in diesel exhast, air pollutant
1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in petrochemical processing, and as a solvent for surface treatment of textiles, resins and metal coated plastics or as a paint stripper. In the pharmaceutical industry, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is used in the formulation for drugs by both oral and transdermal delivery routes.
Tris(2-chloroethyl) phosphate is used as a flame retardant, plasticizer, and viscosity regulator in various types of polymers including polyurethanes, polyester resins, and polyacrylates.
Chlorinated paraffins are used primarily as coolants and lubricants in metal forming and cutting, in addition to being used as plasticizers and flame retardants in rubber, paints, adhesives, sealants and plastics. (L2054)
Chlorinated paraffins are used primarily as coolants and lubricants in metal forming and cutting, in addition to being used as plasticizers and flame retardants in rubber, paints, adhesives, sealants and plastics. (L2054)
Chlorinated paraffins are used primarily as coolants and lubricants in metal forming and cutting, in addition to being used as plasticizers and flame retardants in rubber, paints, adhesives, sealants and plastics. (L2054)
Tritium occurs naturally due to cosmic rays interacting with atmospheric gases. Tritium is produced in nuclear reactors by neutron activation of lithium-6. Tritium is also produced in heavy water-moderated reactors whenever a deuterium nucleus captures a neutron. Tritium is an uncommon product of the nuclear fission of uranium-235, plutonium-239, and uranium-233, with a production of about one atom per each 10,000 fissions. Tritium is used in self-powered lighting, nuclear weapons, and controlled nuclear fusion. It is also used in analytical chemistry as a radiolabel. (Wikipedia)
Nitromethylenes are used as pesticides. (T10)
Hydrochloric acid is found naturally in gastric acid. Most hydrogen chloride gas is used in the production of hydrochloric acid. HCl gas is also an important reagent in other industrial chemical transformations.  For example, the hydrochlorination of rubber and the production of vinyl and alkyl chlorides. In the semiconductor industry, it is used to both etch semiconductor crystals and to purify silicon via trichlorosilane (SiHCl3). It may also be used to treat cotton to delint it, and to separate it from wool. In the chlor-alkali industry, brine (mixture of sodium chloride and water) solution is electrolyzed producing chlorine (Cl2), sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen (H2). The pure chlorine gas can be combined with hydrogen to produce hydrogen chloride in the presence of UV light.
Sodium hypochlorite is frequently used as a disinfectant or a bleaching agent.
Bromide is present in typical seawater (35 PSU) with a concentration of around 65 mg/L, which is around 0.2% of all dissolved salts. Bromide ions can be found in almost all living organisms, though it is not essential for life.
Chlorine is used in making plastics, solvents for dry cleaning and metal degreasing, textiles, agrochemicals and pharmaceuticals, insecticides, dyestuffs, household cleaning products. Chlorine is also used to prepare sodium and calcium hypochlorites. It is used as a disinfectant in water treatment, especially to make drinking water and in large public swimming pools. Chlorine was used extensively to bleach wood pulp, but this use has decreased significantly due to environmental concerns. Exposure usually results from inhaling contaminated air, ingesting chlorine bleach or directly contacting the skin with aqueous chlorine. (L245)
Radioactive cobalt is used for commercial and medical purposes, such as for sterilizing medical equipment and consumer products, radiation therapy for treating cancer patients, manufacturing plastics, and irradiating food. (L29)
Used mainly in female infertility due to anovulation (e.g. due to polycystic ovary syndrome) to induce ovulation.
For the reduction of blood levels and depot stores of lead in lead poisoning (acute and chronic) and lead encephalopathy, in both pediatric populations and adults.
For the treatment of acute non-lymphocytic leukemia, acute lymphocytic leukemia and blast phase of chronic myelocytic leukemia.
For the treatment of mild or transient episodes of heart block that do not require electric shock or pacemaker therapy also used in management of asthma and chronic bronchitis
May be used as primary prevention in individuals with multiple risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD) and as secondary prevention in individuals with CHD to reduce the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, angina, and revascularization procedures. May be used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). May be used in the treatment of primary hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia, homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, primary dysbetalipoproteinemia, and/or hypertriglyeridemia as an adjunct to dietary therapy to decrease serum total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB), and triglyceride concentrations, while increasing high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels.
Treatment of Type II diabetes mellitus
<B>Injection:</B> for the treatment of endocrine disorders, rheumatic D=disorders, collagen diseases, dermatologic diseases, allergic statesc, ophthalmic diseases, gastrointestinal diseases, respiratory diseases, hematologic disorders, neoplastic diseases, edematous states, cerebral edema.
<br><B>Ophthalmic ointment and solution:</B> for the treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the palpebral and bulbar conjunctiva, cornea, and anterior segment of the globe.
<br><B>Ophthalmic solution only:</B> for the treatment of steroid responsive inflammatory conditions of the external auditory meatus
<br><B>Topic cream:</B> for relief of the inflammatory and pruritic manifestations of corticosteroid-responsive dermatoses
<br><B>Oral aerosol:</B> for the treatment of bronchial asthma and related corticosteroid responsive bronchospastic states intractable to adequate trial of conventional therapy
<br><B>Intranasal aerosol:</B> for the treatment of allergic ot inflammatory nasal conditions, and nasal polyps
Tiratricol is indicated in the management of thyroid hormone resistance syndrome and is used, in combination with levothyroxine, to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone production in patients with thyroid cancer. It has been investigated for use in reducing goiter. It has also shown some effectiveness in reducing the atrophy caused when using corticosteroids. Tiratricol has also been widely marketed, under various trade names, as a weight loss aid. In 1999 and 2000, the United States Food and Drug Administration and Health Canada both issued warnings to the public regarding the use of dietary supplements containing tiratricol. (Wikipedia)
In men, antiandrogens are most frequently used to treat prostate cancer. In women, antiandrogens are used to decrease levels of male hormones causing symptoms of hyperandrogenism. (Wikipedia)
Dibenzylideneacetone is used as a sunscreen component and as a ligand in organometallic chemistry. (L2096)
For the treatment of intestinal (i.e., nondisseminated) strongyloidiasis due to the nematode parasite <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>. Also for the treatment of onchocerciasis (river blindness) due to the nematode parasite <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i>. Can be used to treat scabies caused by <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>. Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
For the treatment of intestinal (i.e., nondisseminated) strongyloidiasis due to the nematode parasite <i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>. Also for the treatment of onchocerciasis (river blindness) due to the nematode parasite <i>Onchocerca volvulus</i>. Can be used to treat scabies caused by <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>. Active ingredient in some commercial ant bait traps. (L829)
Sulfuric acid is found naturally in acid rain or rainwater near industrial sites. Most sulfuric acid (~60%) is consumed for fertilizers, particularly superphosphates, ammonium phosphate and ammonium sulfates. About 20% is used in chemical industry for production of detergents, synthetic resins, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, petroleum catalysts, insecticides and antifreeze, as well as in various processes such as oil well acidicizing, aluminium reduction, paper sizing, water treatment.